Resources and Development Class 10 Worksheet Geography Chapter 1

Objective Type Questions
Q1: The resources of ownership are:
(a) plantation
(b) pasture land
(c) ponds
(d) all of the above
Ans: D

Q2: On the basis of its origin, resources can be classified into:
(a) renewable and non-renewable
(b) continuous and biological
(c) biotic and abiotic
(d) recyclable and non-recyclable
Ans: C  

Q3: The ocean resources beyond 200 nautical miles is classified under which zone?
(a) Exclusive Economic Zone
(b) Export-processing Zone
(c) Special Economic Zone
(d) None of these
Ans: A 

Q4: Everything available in our environment to satisfy our needs is termed as:
(a) technology
 (b) resource
(c) natural vegetation
 (d) none of these
Ans: B 

Q5: Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
(a) Intensive cultivation
(b) Deforestation
(c) Over irrigation
(d) Overgrazing
Ans: B

Q6: Which of the following is not classified on the basis of status of development?
(a) Potential resource
(b) Developed stock resource
(c) Reserves resource
(d) Renewable resource
Ans: D

Q7: What percentage of land in India consist of fertile plains?
(a) 70%
(b) 38%
(c) 61%
(d) 43%
Ans: D

Q8: Under which of the following type of resource can tidal energy be put?
(a) Replenishable
(b) Human-made
(c) Abiotic
(d) Non-recyclable
Ans: A

Q9: The land which is left uncultivated for more than five agricultural years is called ______?
(a) grazing land
(b) fallow land
(c) culturable wasteland
(d) barren and waste land
Ans: C

Q10: Which soil is also known as regur soil?
(a) Black soil
(b) Red soil
(c) Alluvial soil
(d) Laterite soil
Ans: A

True/False
DIRECTION : Read each of the following statements and write if it is true or false.
Q1:  Judicious use of resources is generally called the Development of Resources.
Ans: False

Q2: Fallow land is the land put to agricultural use and for grazing.
Ans: False

Assertion And Reason

Direction : In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice as :

Q1: Assertion : The availability of resources is not the only necessary condition for the development of any region.
Reason : Not only availability of resources but also corresponding change in technology is necessary for development of any region.
(a) If Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If Both assertion and reason are false.
Ans: A 

Q2: Assertion : Land is a natural resource of utmost importance.
Reason : Land can be used for various purposes.
(a) If Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If Both assertion and reason are false.
Ans: A

Q3: Assertion : Soil is the most important renewable natural resource.
Reason : Soil supports different types of living organisms on earth.
(a) If Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If Both assertion and reason are false.
Ans: A

Q4: Assertion : Arid soil is unsuitable for cultivation.
Reason : Arid soil is generally sandy in texture and saline in nature. It restricts the filtration of water.
(a) If Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If Both assertion and reason are false.
Ans: C

Q5: Assertion : Terrace cultivation does not restrict erosion.
Reason : Running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes deep channels as gullies. This helps to cultivate crops.
(a) If Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If Both assertion and reason are false.
Ans: D 

Q6: Assertion : A country that was extremely rich in natural resources has mainly relied on oil extraction for revenue generation for several centuries. However, the scientists predict that the country may become poor in the future if other means of generating income are not devised.
Reason : Oil is a non-renewable resource, and it is likely to get exhausted if not used judiciously.
(a) If Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If Both assertion and reason are false.
Ans: A

Q7: Assertion : The crude oil reserves are going down for the entire world, and the countries need to find substitute fuel for crude oil.
Reason : A country that is dependent on imports for crude oil will demand more crude oil in the future.
(a) If Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If Both assertion and reason are false.
Ans: B

Very Short Answer Type Questions
Q1: Give one difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources.
Ans: 

• Renewable: Replenished by nature and may be overused e. g., crops and plants.
• Non-renewable: which get exhausted after years of use. e.g, crude oil.

 Q2: What are resources which are found in a region but have not been utilised called? 
Ans:  Potential resources.

Q3: Give examples of abiotic resources.
Ans: Rocks and metals. 

Q4: Which relief features of India has 30 percent of the total surface area of country?
Ans:  Mountain.

Q5: Which regions of India have well developed terrace farming?
Ans: Western and central Himalayas

Short Answer Type Questions
Q1: What is Agenda 21? List its two principles. 
Ans:  Agenda 21 was adopted at first International Earth Summit held in 1992 at Rio de Janerio Brazil.
The two principles are as follows:

• To combat environmental damage, pov¬erty, disease through global cooperation on common interests, mutual needs and shared responsibilities.
• Every local government should draw its own local Agenda 21.

 Q2: In India, some regions are rich in certain types of resources but deficient in some other resources”. Do you agree with the statement? Support your answer with any three examples.
Ans:  Yes, there are regions which are rich in certain types of resources but are deficient in some other resources.

• Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh are rich in minerals and coal deposits.
• Arunachal Pradesh has abundance of water resources but lacks in infrastructural development.
• Rajasthan is endowed with solar and wind energy but lacks in water resources.
• Ladakh has rich cultural heritage but lacks in water resources and infrastructure.

 Q3: Which is the main cause of land degradation in Gujarat, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh? How can it be checked? Explain.
Ans:  The main cause of land degradation is large scale overgrazing Measures to check include:

• Afforestation and proper management of grazing.
• Planting of shelter belts of plants.
• Stabilization of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes.
• Control on overgrazing.

Q4: Mention any three features of arid soils.
Ans:  Features of arid soils :

• Arid soils range from red to brown in colour.
• They are generally sandy in texture and saline in nature.
• Due to dry climate, high temperature, evaporation is faster and the soil lacks humus and moisture.
• The lower horizons of the soil are occupied by Kankar because of the increasing calcium content downwards.

Q5: Indiscriminate use of resources had led to numerous problems.’ Justify this statement. 
Ans:  Resources are vital for human survival and it was believed that resources are free gift of nature. The indiscriminate use of resources led to the following problems:

• To satisfy the greed of few individuals, depletion of resources has continued.
• Due to the accumulation of resources in few hands, the society gets divided into two segments, e.g., rich and poor.
• Indiscriminate use of resources has ‘ led to ecological crises, e.g., ozone layer depletion, land degradation, global warming and environmental pollution. 

 Q6: Distinguish between the renewable and nonrenewable resources.
Ans:

• Renewable resources: Resources which can be renewed or reproduced by mechanical, physical or chemical processes are known as renewable or replenishable resources, e.g., solar and wind energy, water, forests and wildlife, etc.
• Non-renewable resources: These occur over very long geological times. Minerals and fossil fuels are examples of such resources. These resources take millions of years in their formation. Some of the resources like metals are recyclable and some of them such as fossil fuels cannot be recycled and get exhausted with their use.

Long Answer Type Questions

 Q1: Provide a suitable classification for resources on the basis of ownership. Mention main features of any three types of such resources.
Ans:  On the basis of ownership resources can be classified into the following categories :

• Individual resources: Resources owned by a person or an individual are called individual resources.
  • For example: land owned by farmers, and houses are individual resources.
• Community resources: Resources owned by a particular community or a society are called community owned resources.
  • For example: Graveyard, grazing land, ponds, burial grounds and park ark community owned resources.
• National resources: Resources owned by an individual nation are called national resources.
  • For example: Government land, roads, canals and railways are national resources.
• International resources: Resources regulated or governed by an international body are called international resources.
  • For example: Ocean and sea beyond 200 km of the exclusive economic zone belongs to open sea or ocean. No individual country can utilise these resources without the permission of international bodies.

Q2: List the problems caused due to indiscriminate use of resources by human beings.
Ans: Resources are essential for human survival. Initially, people believed that the resources are the free gift of nature. Therefore, they continuously exhausted the resources available in the environment without taking  any preventive measures. As a matter of fact, they faced economic, social and ecological problems. The major problems that cropped up due to over-exploitation, irrational consumption and indiscriminate use of resources are :

• Exhaustion of resources: Due to over exploitation and irrational consumption, the resources exhausted at a rapid pace leaving very little or nothing for the future generation.
• Concentration of resources: Concentration of resources in a few hands is also a major issue.
• The people with the maximum resources will use them for their own benefits leaving others empty handed. This will create a situation of have and have nots. This situation of have and have nots is unfavourable for the growth of the country as a whole.
• Global ecological crisis: Global warming, depletion of ozone layer, population and land degradation are global ecological crises. This crisis situation is also an after effect of irrational or over utilisation of resources. 

 Q3: ‘Consumption of energy in all forms has been rising all over the country. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development and energy saving’. Suggest and explain any three measures tosolve this burning problem.
Ans: Energy is an essential requirement for economic development. The strategy of economic development that India has adopted since independence necessarily required increasing amount of energy consumption. As a result, consumption of energy in all forms has been rising. To take care of this concern, various measures that need to be adopted are as follows :

• We need to increase the use of renewable energy resources like solar, wind power, biogas, tidal energy and geothermal energy. This will decrease the dependence on non-renewable sources.
• We have to adopt a cautious approach for judicious use of our limited energy resources. F or example, as a concerned citizen we can use public transport system in place of an individual vehicle.
• Another measure that needs to be adopted is promotion of energy conservation, e.g., switching ff electrical devices when not in use, using power saving devices. Thus, consumption of energy in all forms has been rising all over the country.