Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10 Worksheet Economics Chapter 3

Multiple Choice Questions

Q1: Which of the following sectors is the largest producing sector in India?
(a) Primary sector
(b) Modern sector
(c) Tertiary sector
(d) Secondary sector
Ans: (c)

Q2: Which of the following is another name for primary sector?
(a) Service sector
(b) Agriculture and related sector
(c) IT Sector
(d) Industrial sector
Ans: (b)

Q3: Which of the following is a benefit of a tertiary sector?
(a) The activities of tertiary sector help in the development of primary and secondary sector.
(b) The tertiary sector helps in the production of goods by directly using natural resources.
(c) The individuals involved in tertiary sector use better quality seeds and manure to produce agricultural goods.
(d) The individuals involved in tertiary sector buys raw materials directly from farmers to convert them into final goods.
Ans: (a)

Q4: Public Sector stands for:
(a) Most of the assets owned by big companies.
(b) Assets owned by Government.
(c) Most of the assets owned by a group of people.
(d) Most of the assets owned by an individual.
Ans: (b)

Q5: Which of the following best defines the gross domestic product (GDP) of a country?
(a) It is the decrease in the value of assets over a given period of time.
(b) It is the value of final goods and services produced with in the domestic territory of a country.
(c) It is the difference between value of goods imported and the value of goods exported.
(d) It is the value of all final goods and services produced by the citizens of a country within and outside the country.
Ans: (b)

Q6: Choose a method to tackle the problem of underemployment in a country.
(a) Identify, promote and locate industries and services where a large number of people can be employed.
(b) Provide debt-waiver schemes for farmers so that they can easily take loans to increase agricultural activities.
(c) The government should provide unemployment benefits to citizens.
(d) The government should focus on developing jobs in the unorganized sector as most of the people are employed in unorganized sectors.
Ans: (a)

Q7: Which of the following sectors is the largest producing sector in India?
(a) Primary sector
(b) Modern sector
(c) Tertiary sector
(d) Secondary sector
Ans: (c)

Q8: Identify the difference between the organised and unorganised sectors.
(a) Employees in organised sector are mainly involved in agriculture and allied activities, while the employees in unorganized sector are mainly involved in manufacturing activities that take place with the help of equipment in factories.
(b) Firms in organised sector are registered by the government and have to follow certain norms of employment as set by the government, while the unorganised sector is characterised by small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government.
(c) Employees in organized sector are mainly self-employed, while the employees in unorganized sector are mainly employed in government or public sector jobs.
(d) In a country, the contribution of organized sector is minimal to the GDP, while the unorganized sector mainly supports the economic growth of a country.
Ans: (b)

Q9: Which of the following is true about Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
(a) The government has to ensure to increase the number of jobs in unorganized sector.
(b) The government is required to provide 100 days of employment in rural areas to people who are able to and in need of work.
(c) The government has to ensure that all the unemployed individuals in rural areas must get  100 per day as unemployment benefits.
(d) The government is required to provide free health check ups and medical facilities to unemployed people in rural areas for at least 100 days in a year.
Ans: (b)

Q10: Which of the following refers to the intermediary good?
(a) Goods that are included in the estimation of GDP.
(b) Goods that are not used as raw material for production of other goods during a year.
(c) Goods that are used as raw material for the production of other goods during a year.
(d) Goods that are not resold by the firms to make profit during a year.
Ans: (c)

Fill in the Blanks

Q1: The ____________ sector involves the creation of products by extracting and gathering natural resources.
Answer: Primary
The primary sector involves activities such as farming, forestry, hunting, fishing, and mining, where natural resources are extracted and gathered for further processing.

Q2: The ____________ sector includes activities that support the growth of the primary and secondary sectors.
Answer: Tertiary
The tertiary sector, also known as the service sector, includes activities like teaching, healthcare, and software companies that support the production processes of the primary and secondary sectors.

Q3: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the sum of production of ____________ sectors in a year.
Answer: Three
GDP includes the value of final goods and services from the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors, providing a comprehensive measure of a country's economic activity.

Q4 The ____________ sector gradually became the most important in the economy and employment.
Answer: Secondary
The secondary sector, or industrial sector, became crucial as it involves transforming natural materials into new products through manufacturing processes, leading to increased economic significance.

Q5: The ____________ sector overtook the primary sector as India's largest producing sector in 2013-14.
Answer: Tertiary
The tertiary sector became the largest producing sector due to the increasing importance of services such as healthcare, education, transportation, and information technology.

True and False

Q1: The tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian economy.
Ans: False

Q2: The purpose of the Public Sector is not just to earn profits while activities in the sector are guided by the motive to earn profits only.
Ans: True

Q3: There has been a big change in the three sectors of economic activities in India but a similar shift has not taken place in the share of employment.
Ans: True

Q4: The public sector plays an important role in the economy of India by creating and expanding infrastructure such as the construction of roads, bridges, railways, schools, hospitals, etc.
Ans: True

Q5: The unorganised sector in urban areas constitutes casual workers especially in construction, trade and transport as well as the people who are employed on their own doing small jobs such as selling on the street or doing repair work.
Ans: True

Assertion and Reasoning Based Type Questions

Q1: Assertion: An individual who manufacture flour from wheat is engaged in primary sector.
Reason: When some process of manufacturing is used the product is a part of secondary sector.
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false. 
Ans: (d)
An individual who manufactures flour from wheat is engaged in secondary sector as the products that are not manufactured directly from nature but require some manufacturing process are a part of secondary sector.

Q2: Assertion: Leela works five days a week, receives her income on the last day of each month and gets medical facilities from her firm.
Reason: Leela is working in organized sector.
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false. 
Ans: (a)
The firms in organized sector are registered by the government and have to follow its rules and regulations which are given in various laws such as the Factories Act, Minimum Wages Act, Payment of Gratuity Act, Shops and Establishments Act etc

Q3: Assertion: There are several goods and services that the society needs; however, the private sector does not produce all of them.
Reason: Private sector is profit driven.
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false. 

Ans: (a)
Some of the services such as defense require a lot of spending and do not provide any profit. Therefore, private sector does not invest in such activities. Also, certain services such as public transportation and irrigation facilities require massive spending which is beyond the capacity of private sector.

Q4: Assertion: Rakesh is an educated and skilled worker who earns a high monthly salary as he is employed in a private bank in a city.
Reason: All service sectors in India are growing extremely well and each individual engaged in any kind of tertiary activity earns a high income.
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false. 
Ans: (c)
In India, not the entire service sector is growing equally well. Service sector in India employs many different kinds of people. At one end there are a limited number of services that employ highly skilled and educated workers. At the other end, there are a very large number of workers engaged in services such as small shopkeepers, repair persons, transport persons, etc. These people barely manage to earn a living and yet they perform these services because no alternative opportunities for work are available to them.

Q5: Assertion: Mohan is a shopkeeper who pays his taxes on time. He has employed two workers Rakesh and Raghu in his shop. He pays them well, however, none of the workers get any paid leaves in the year.
Reason: Rakesh and Raghu are employed in unorganized sector.
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false. 
Ans: (a)
If Rakesh and Raghu were employed in organized sector, they would receive benefits such as paid leaves, medical insurance and pension schemes from the employer. Mohan is not following labour laws as he does not provide any paid leave to his employees in the year.

Q6: Assertion: In India, over the forty years between 1973- 74 and 2013-14, while production in all three sectors has increased, it has increased the most in the tertiary sector.
Reason: Tertiary sector is the only organized sector in the economy so the government spends a lot of money for creating jobs in tertiary sector.
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false. 

Ans: (c)
There are several reasons for increased production in tertiary sector such as increase in demand for education, health, communication and transportation, development of agriculture sector, increase in level of income and development of information and technology sector.

Q7: Assertion: Reliance industries is a privately-owned firm.
Reason: Government is a major stakeholder in reliance industries.
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false. 
Ans: (c)
Reliance industry is a privately-owned firm as the assets and delivery of goods and services in Reliance is controlled by private individuals.

Q8: Assertion: The development of agriculture and industry leads to the development of service sector.
Reason: As the primary and secondary sectors develops, the demand for transport, storage structures, banks, insurance, etc., increases.
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false. 
Ans: (a)
As the primary and secondary sector develops the demand for the aforementioned tertiary activities increase. Not just the demand for mentioned services increases, but as individuals become better off, the demand for education, health services, professional training and communication also increase. Therefore, the development of primary and secondary sectors leads to the development of service or tertiary sector.

Q9: Assertion: In India, the primary sector is the largest employer.
Reason: The demand for services has increased enormously.
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false. 
Ans: (b)
The primary sector remains the largest employer in India because not enough jobs were created in the secondary and tertiary sectors. However, the demand for services has increased owing to increase in demand for education, health, communication and transportation, development of agriculture sector, increase in level of income and development of information and technology sector.

Q10: Assertion: When calculating the total value of goods and services produced in a country, the value of all goods and services at each stage of production should be calculated.
Reason: At each stage of production some value is added to a good or service, therefore, the value added at each stage of production is added to derive the total value of goods and services in an economy.
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false. 
Ans: (d)
When calculating the total value of goods and services produced in a country, the value of final goods and services is calculated. If we add the value of goods and services at each stage of production, we will get an inflated GDP as the same value would be included multiple times.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Q1: TISCO : Private, ________ : Public.
Ans: Railways.

Q2: The main objective of a private sector enterprise is ________.
Ans: To earn a profit.

Q3: Complete the following :
The activities of the primary sector are called primary because _______.
Ans: They form the base for all other products that we subsequently make.

Q4: Correct the following statement and rewrite.
When more people work in a job than required it is known as seasonal employment.
Ans: When more people work in a job than required it is known as hidden disguised unemployment.

Q5: Identify the sector with the help of the following features :
(a) Registered by the government
(b) Workes enjoy security of employment.
(c) It is also called organised sector.
Ans: Public sector.

Q6: What type of goods and services are included for calculation of GDP in India?
Ans: All the final goods and services are included for calculation of GDP in India.

Q7: What if the underemployed people are removed from primary sector and provide them with proper work somewhere else ?
Ans: If this happens, the production in primary sector will not suffer and the incomes of the people who are employed in other work would increase.

Q8: What happens in the situation of underemployment ?
Ans: In the situation of underemployment, people seem to be apparently fully employed but actually all of them work less than their potential.

Q9: Where do we find majority of workers from scheduled castes, tribes and backward communities?
Ans: The unorganised sector.

Q10: Which aspects of human development does the government need to pay attention ?
Ans: Government needs to pay attention to facilities like availability of food and nutrition, safe drinking water and housing facilities for the poor.

Short Answer Type Questions

Q1: What is an economic activity ?
Ans: Any activity which is legal and is conducted with the objective of earning money is an economic activity. For example, farmers ploughing field, labourers helping in road construction, doctors curing patients, traders selling goods etc. are examples of economic activities.

Q2: How do we calculate the value of various goods and services and know the total production in each sector ?
Ans: In India, the task of measuring GDP is undertaken by a central government body known as CSO or the Central Statistics Office. This department, with the help of various government departments of all the Indian states and union territories, collects information relating to total volume and prices of various goods and services produced in different sectors. The value of all the final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of the sector for that year. The sum of production in all the three sectors gives what is called the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country.

Q3: What are the non-economic activities ?
Ans: All the activities whose main objectives are not to earn money rather they are carried on with some other objective like affection, power, affiliations, mercy etc. are called non-economic activities. For example, a mother taking care of her child, a doctor curing his father, a labourer repairing his own house etc. are examples of non-economic activities.

Q4: Why is the tertiary sector becoming more important in India ? Explain.
Ans: The tertiary sector becoming more important in Indiabecause of following reasons :
(i) Developing country like India is responsible for the basic services like hospitals, education, post and telegraph, courts, etc.
(ii) The development of primary and secondary sectors increases the demand for services such as transport, trade, storage.
(iii) Demand for tourism, shopping, private schools, private hospitals, etc. increases with the increase in the level of income.
(iv) Rapid growth of services sector also benefitted from external demand such as software industry and call centre services.
(v) Liberalisation of financial sector provided an environment for faster growth of financial services.

Q5: What does this mean that the primary sector provided employment to more than half of the working population while its share in GDP was less than 25 percent ?
Ans: This indicates that there is a widespread underemployment in primary sector. If many of the people are moved from primary sector to other works, the overall production in this sector will not be influenced and if these people who have been moved are provided full employment somewhere else, overall GDP will increase and the family incomes of such people will also increase leading to the upliftment of their living standard.

Q6: Why does disguised unemployment not help to enhance the productivity of the country?
Ans: The disguised unemployment is a situation in which a person seems to be fully employed but his presence or absence neither increases nor decreases the production respectively. It means he works less than his full potential. The disguised unemployment does not help in enhancing the productivity of the country because there is a widespread disguised employment in primary sector while its share in national income is continuously falling. If many of the people are moved from primary sector to other works, the overall production in this sector will not be influenced and if these people who have been moved are provided full employment somewhere else, overall GDP will increase. But this does not happen because the secondary and tertiary sectors have failed to provide employment to such people.

Q7: “The declining share of agriculture in the Gross Domestic Product (G.D.P.) is a matter of serious concern in India.” Support this statement with any five reasons.
OR
“The declining share of agriculture in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a matter of serious concern in India.” Support the statements.
Ans: The declining share of agriculture in the Gross Domestic Product (G.D.P) is a matter of serious concern in India.
Five reasons to support this statement are as follows :
(i) Indian farmers are facing challenge from international competition.
(ii) Government is reducing investment in agricultura sector, especially irrigation sector.
(iii) Subsidy in fertilizers has decreased, leading to a rise in cost of production.
(iv) Reduction of Import duties on agricultural products.
(v) Farmers are withdrawing their investments from agriculture causing a downfall in the employment in agriculture.

Q8: Explain the objective of implementing the MGNREGA 2005.
Ans: (i) Providing unskilled work for rural people in the rural areas.
(ii) Providing earning security to unskilled labour of rural areas.
(iii) To improve the standard of living of rural masses.
(iv) To empower the rural masses by increasing their decision making power.

Q9: What is underemployment ?
Ans: Underemployment refers to a situation in which a person seems apparently fully employed but he does not have work using his full potential. The acute form of underemployment is the disguised unemployment in which a person seems to be completely employed but his presence or absence neither increases nor decreases the production respectively.

Q10: Why is the value of only final goods and services counted while calculating GDP ?
Ans: While calculating the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) the value of only final goods and services is counted because the value of final goods and services already includes the value of all the intermediate goods that are used in making the final good. For example, the value of bread already includes the value of flour and labour used in the making of bread. If all these values are separately calculated and added, they will amount to double counting and will present false picture of GDP.

Long Answer Type Questions

Q1: What do you mean by the term Gross Domestic product? What precautions should we take in calculating GDP?
Ans: Gross Domestic Product (GDP): It is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a particular year. The precaution which is to be taken is that while calculating the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the value of only final goods and services are to be counted because the value of final goods and services already includes the value of all the intermediate goods that are used in making the final good. For example, the value of bread already includes the value of floor and labour used in the making of bread. If all these values are separately calculated and added, they will amount to double counting and present false picture of GDP.

Q2: How do you think the sectoral composition of Indian economy has changed ?
Ans: At the time of independence, India was a very backward country with primary sector having the largest share in the GDP of the country. As the time passed, the methods of farming has changed and agriculture sector began to prosper and produced much more foodgrain than before. This helped many people to take up new activities like trading, craftmaking and manufacturing. With the rise in incomes of the people in primary and secondary sectors, the demand for services began to emerge. The services like trading, medical care, education, transportation, communication, police services, judiciary, entertainment etc. emerged by leap and bound. This led to the expansion of tertiary services in India. The demand for services became so large in India that it led to the emergence of tertiary sector as the largest sector of the economy, secondary sectorbecame the second largest while the primary sector shrinks to the smallest sector in terms of contribution in GDP. Now Indian economy which once used to be considered as a primary economy is now recognised in the world as a service economy.

Q3: Pavan is a poor agriculture labourer in a village. He wants to migrate to city in search of better employment opportunities. Can you suggest some ways through which his migration for better employment opportunities be stopped ?
Ans: Following are the various steps which can provide better employment opportunities to Pavan in his own area :
(i) Pavan may take some land on rent and start his own farming instead of working on others’ farms. He can also open a shop for daily need items.
(ii) The government may provide cheap credit facilities to him so that he can buy necessary implements for his farm like tractors or other equipment for farming, better seeds, fertilizers and other nutrients, wells or tube-wells etc. or stock for his shop. All this has employment generating effects.
(iii) He may also attend some vocational training programmes being run by the government and start some other occupation like repairing, tailoring etc.
(iv) The government must identify the potential industries in rural areas which may utilise the agricultural crops produced there and invite the entrepreneurs to start such industries there.
These industries may employ excess labour force employed in agriculture.

Q4: What are the ways to increase more employment for the people in rural India ?
Ans: Unemployment is a very serious problem which is being faced by India since the advent of Britishers and especially since independence. The government has to take many effective steps to increase the employment in the country. Following are the various steps which can be taken by the government to increase employment :
(i) The government may provide cheap credit facilities to the people so that they can buy necessary implements for their occupations. The farmers may build wells or tube-wells, buy tractors or other equipment for farming, better seeds, fertilizers and other nutrients for the agriculture. This all has employment generating effects.
(ii) The government may build better infrastructure in terms of transportation, electricity and communication etc. This will help in better and assured production and easier movement of goods from one place to another. This encourages the farmers and producers to expand the market for their products.
(iii) The government must identify the potential industries in rural areas which may utilise the agricultural crops produced there and invite the entrepreneurs to start such industries there.
(iv) Government may improve irrigation facilities so that farmers may harvest two or three crops in a year. This will increase employment.
(v) Government may initiate some more employment programme which require mental work rather than physical work like elder education programme etc.

Q5: Reema works as a Head Technician in Mehta Textiles Private Ltd. whereas Shirin works as a Sales Executive in Kashvi Fashion Showroom. Identify the sectors of economy in which Reema and Shirin are working. Evaluate the role of each of these sectors in the Indian economy.
Ans: Reema works in secondary or manufacturing sector where as Shirin works in the tertiary or service sector Role of secondary/manufacturing sector – This sector covers activities in which natural products are changed into other forms through ways of manufacturing that we associate with industrial activity, hence it is also called as industrial sector. The product in this sector has to be made and therefore some process of manufacturing is essential, may be in a factory, a workshop or at home. For example, using cotton fibre from the plant, spinning yarn and weaving cloth etc. This sector provides large scale employment and helps in earning huge revenue. It helps in the development of a nation. Role of Tertiary/Service Sector – These are activities that help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors. These activities, by themselves, do not produce a good but they are an aid or a support for the production process. For example, goods need to be transported by trucks or trains and then sold in wholesale and retail shops; they have to be stored in godowns. So, transport, storage, communication, banking, trade are some examples of tertiary activities. Since these activities generate services, the tertiary sector is also called the service sector. It also includes services of teachers, doctors, and those who provide personal services such as washermen, barbers, cobblers, lawyers, and people to do administrative and accounting works. In recent times, certain new services based on information technology such as internet cafe, ATM booths, call centres, software companies etc. have become important. Service sector contributes the most to the national economy these days and is further growing.

Q6: Write any five features of an organized sector.
Ans: Following are the various features of organised sector:
(i) Organised sector includes those organisations where the terms of employment are certain and people get regular and assured work.
(ii) These organisations are registered by the government.
(iii) They have to follow rules and regulations framed by it such as the Factories Act, Minimum Wages Act, Payment of Gratuity Act, Shops and Establishments Act etc.
(iv) They give many kinds of job benefits to its employees.
(v) Working conditions are very conducive in organized sector.

Q7: Rohan works in a bank as a clerk while Sumit works on a construction site as a labourer. Find out the difference in their conditions of work and judge the benefits and drawbacks of working in the respective sectors.
Ans: Rohan works in an organised sector; he will enjoy security of employment. He will be expected to work only for a fixed number of hours. If he works more, he will have to be paid overtime by the employer. He will also get several other benefits from the employers like getting paid leave, payment during holidays, provident fund, gratuity etc. He is supposed to get medical benefits and, under the laws, the bank manager has to ensure facilities like drinking water and a safe working environment. When he will retire, he will get pension as well. In contrast, Sumit works in the unorganised sector which is characterised by small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government. There are rules and regulations but these are not followed. So, his job will be low-paid and often not regular. There will be no provision for overtime, paid leave, holidays, leave due to sickness etc. Employment is not secure. He can be asked to leave without any reason when there is less work, such as, during some seasons. A lot also depends on the whims of his employer.

Q8: Mr. Swaminathan works in a government textile mill. Now the government is planning to sell that mill to a company in private sector. What can be the demerits of private sector?
Ans: Following are some of the demerits of private sector :
(i) The very first demerit of private sector is its sole purpose is to earn profit and not the welfare of people. The people here include the employees of the organisation. If the owner of an enterprise feel that removing or reducing his staff will increase his profits, he will not hesitate to remove people from the job. This will lead to a sense of insecurity among the people of the organisation.
(ii) There are many services which are required by the poorer sections of the society which the government provides them free of cost or at very cheap prices like health, education, irrigation, etc. If the mill is assigned to a private sector, it will not provide these service free or at subsidised rates and the poor sections of the society will not be able to afford and consume them.
(iii) The private sector is also not concerned with the equitable distribution of income in society or the balanced regional development.

Q9: Explain how public sector contributes to the economic development of a nation.
Ans: Following are the various ways in which the public sector contributes to the development of the nation:
(i) The public sector is responsible for developing basic infrastructure which helps in development of all the sectors of the economy. Hence, the public sector undertakes generation of electricity, construction of roads, bridges, railways, harbours, and providing irrigation through dams etc. The expenditure incurred on developing such facilities is tremendous which may not be possible for private sector.
(ii) The government supports the provision of various services to the general public in the form of subsidies. For example, for the availability of fertilisers to farmers at lower prices, the government provides production subsidy to fertiliser companies. Similar examples are cooking gas, diesel, electricity etc.
(iii) The government provides support to farmers by helping them in the form of procurement of farm products like wheat, rice and pulses. Such products are then made available to people through ration shops.
(iv) The government provides various such other services like medical care, education, drinking water, sanitation, housing facilities to poor and other administrative services for the proper running of the country etc.
(v) The public sector generates many employment opportunities.

Q10: What historical changes have been brought about in the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors ?
Ans: Primary Sector :

• As the methods of farming changed and the agricultural sector began to prosper, it produced much more food than before.
• Many people could now take up other activities. Buying and selling activities increased many times.
• However, at this stage most of the goods produced were natural products from the primary sector and most people were also employed in this sector.

Secondary Sector :

• Over a long time, and especially because new methods of manufacturing were introduced, factories came up and started expanding.
• Those people who had earlier worked on farms now began to work in factories in large numbers.
• Secondary sector gradually became the most important sector in the total production and employment.
• Hence, over time, a shift had taken place. This means that the importance of the sectors had changed.

Tertiary Sector :

• In the past 100 years, there has been a further shift from secondary to tertiary sector in developed countries.
• The service sector has become the most important sector, in terms of total production.
• Most of the working people are also employed in the service sector. This is the general pattern observed in developed countries.