Class 9 History Chapter 2 Assertion and Reason Questions - Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution

Direction: In the questions given below, there are two  statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and chose the correct  option:  
Q1: Assertion (A): Workers in England and Germany  began forming associations.  
Reason (R): They wanted new machinery to be  installed in factories.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct  explanation of A.  
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct  explanation of A  
(c) A is correct but R is wrong.  
(d) A is wrong but R is correct.
Ans: (c)

• Assertion (A) - Workers in England and Germany began forming associations to fight for better living and working conditions. So the assertion is true
• Reason (R) - They wanted new machinery to be installed in factories which is false because the association was to fight for better living and working conditions and to demand a reduction of working hours and the right to vote.
• To fight for better living and working conditions , workers in England and Germany began forming associations . Thus, the assertion is true but the reasoning is false .

Thus,

• Assertion is true.
• Reasoning is false.
• Thus, Reasoning is not the correct explanation of Assertion.

So the correct answer is (c).

Direction: In the questions given below, there are two  statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and chose the correct  option:  
Q2: Assertion (A): The Russian Social Democratic  Workers Party had to operate as an illegal organisation.  
Reason (R): All political parties were illegal in  Russia before 1914.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct  explanation of A.  
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct  explanation of A  
(c) A is correct but R is wrong.  
(d) A is wrong but R is correct.
Ans: (a)

• Assertion (A) - The Russian Social Democratic Workers Party had to operate as an illegal organisation because all the political parties were illegal in Russia before 1914. Thus, Assertion (A) is true.
• Reasoning (R) - All political parties were illegal in Russia before 1914 which is correct. Thus, the reasoning (R) is true.
• The Russian Social Democratic Workers Party was founded in 1898 by socialists who respected Marx’s ideas . It had to operate as an illegal organisation because of government policing . It set up a newspaper , mobilised workers and organised strikes . Thus assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).

Thus,

• Assertion is true
• Reasoning is true

And, Reasoning is the correct explanation of assertion.

Direction: In the questions given below, there are two  statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and chose the correct  option:  
Q3: Assertion (A): The year 1904 was a particularly  bad one for Russian workers.  
Reason (R): During the 1905 Revolution, the Tsar  allowed the creation of an elected consultative Parliament or Duma.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct  explanation of A.  
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct  explanation of A  
(c) A is correct but R is wrong.  
(d) A is wrong but R is correct.
Ans: (b)
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true. In 1904, the Russian workers faced difficult conditions due to widespread discontent, economic hardships, and poor working conditions. This dissatisfaction among workers contributed to the 1905 Revolution. However, Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). The creation of the Duma was a response to the revolution as the Tsar aimed to pacify the protesters. The creation of the Duma didn't happen in 1904, but rather in 1905 as a concession to the demands of the protesters. Therefore, while both statements are true, the reason provided doesn't directly explain the specific bad conditions faced by workers in 1904. Hence, the correct answer is (b).

Direction: In the questions given below, there are two  statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and chose the correct  option:  
Q4: Assertion (A): Production increased rapidly due  to Stalin’s Collectivization Programme.  
Reason (R): There was bad harvest during 1930-  1933.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct  explanation of A.  
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct  explanation of A  
(c) A is correct but R is wrong.  
(d) A is wrong but R is correct.
Ans: (d)

• Assertion (A): Production increased rapidly due to Stalin’s Collectivization Programme which is not correct because, despite collectivisation, production did not increase immediately. So, assertion (A) is wrong.
• Reason (R): There was a bad harvest during 1930-1933 which is correct because the bad harvests of 1930-1933 led to one of the most devastating famines in Soviet history when over 4 million died. Thus, Reasoning (R) is correct .

 Thus

• Assertion is false.
• Reasoning is true.

So the correct answer is (d).