The Climate in Our Country - 2 Class 4 Worksheet SST

Q1: Fill in the Blanks.

(i) The ______ is an imaginary line that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
Ans: Equator
The Equator is an imaginary line that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. It circles the Earth horizontally and is located at 0 degrees latitude. Locations near the Equator generally experience a tropical climate with warm temperatures throughout the year.

(ii) The ______ of a place refers to how hot or cold it is.
Ans: Temperature
 The temperature of a place refers to how hot or cold it is. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance or the surrounding environment. It is commonly measured in degrees Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F) and is an essential factor in defining a region's climate.

(iii) The ______ is a seasonal wind that brings heavy rains to many parts of our country.
Ans: Monsoon
The monsoon is a seasonal wind that brings heavy rains to many parts of our country. Monsoons are characterized by seasonal changes in wind patterns, which result in distinct wet and dry seasons. In countries like India, the Indian monsoon is crucial for agriculture and water resources.

(iv) The ______ mountain range acts as a barrier to the cold winds from the north.
Ans: Himalayas
The Himalayas mountain range acts as a barrier to the cold winds from the north. The Himalayas, one of the world's highest mountain ranges, runs across northern India and acts as a natural barrier to the cold, dry air masses that come from the north, particularly in winter. This geographic feature significantly influences the climate of the Indian subcontinent.

(v) ______ are areas with very little rainfall and hot temperatures.
Ans: Deserts
Deserts are areas with very little rainfall and hot temperatures. Deserts are characterized by arid conditions, where the amount of evaporation exceeds precipitation. They typically have sparse vegetation and extreme temperature variations between day and night.

(vi) The two main types of climate in our country are ______ and ______.
Ans: Tropical, Temperate
The two main types of climate in our country are tropical and temperate. In India, the climate varies from tropical in the southern and coastal regions to temperate in the northern and hilly areas. Tropical climates are characterized by high temperatures throughout the year, while temperate climates have more distinct seasons with varying temperatures.

(vii) The ______ of India receives heavy rainfall due to the influence of the Arabian Sea.
Ans: Western coast
The western coast of India receives heavy rainfall due to the influence of the Arabian Sea. The Western Ghats run parallel to the western coast and act as a barrier, forcing moist air from the Arabian Sea to rise and cool, leading to significant rainfall on the windward side of the mountains.

(viii) ______ is common in the higher regions of the Himalayas during winters.
Ans: Snowfall
Snowfall is common in the higher regions of the Himalayas during winters. The Himalayan region experiences cold temperatures at higher elevations, leading to the formation of snowfall during the winter months. This snowfall is critical for maintaining the flow of rivers in the region, which are essential for agriculture.

(ix) The climate of a place can affect the types of ______ that can live there.
Ans: Plants and animals
The climate of a place can affect the types of plants and animals that can live there. Different climates support different ecosystems and habitats, influencing the species of plants and animals that can thrive in a particular region. For example, tropical rainforests support a wide variety of plant and animal species, while deserts have adapted flora and fauna capable of surviving in arid conditions.

(x) ______ are dense forests with high rainfall throughout the year.
Ans: Rainforests
Rainforests are dense forests with high rainfall throughout the year. These ecosystems are characterized by their lush vegetation and high levels of precipitation. Rainforests are typically found in tropical regions near the Equator and support a diverse range of plant and animal species.

Q2: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs).

(i) What is the main factor that determines the climate of a place?
(a) The number of people living there
(b) The distance from the equator
(c) The color of the soil
(d) The height of the buildings
Ans: (b)
The distance from the equator affects how much sunlight a place receives, which in turn affects its climate.

(ii) Which season brings heavy rainfall to most parts of India?
(a) Winter
(b) Summer
(c) Monsoon
(d) Spring
Ans: (c)
Monsoon is a seasonal wind that brings heavy rainfall during a specific time of the year, especially to India and other parts of Asia.

(iii) What is a desert?
(a) A place with cold temperatures and heavy snow
(b) A place with high rainfall and dense forests
(c) A place with very little rainfall and hot temperatures
(d) A place with moderate rainfall and mild temperatures
Ans: (c)
Deserts are characterized by their arid conditions and low precipitation levels.

(iv) Why does the western coast of India receive heavy rainfall?
(a) Due to its high altitude
(b) Due to the influence of the Pacific Ocean
(c) Due to the presence of deserts
(d) Due to the influence of the Arabian Sea
Ans: (d)
The warm, moisture-laden air from the Arabian Sea brings heavy rainfall to the western coast of India during the monsoon season.

(v) Which mountain range acts as a barrier to cold winds from the north?
(a) Alps
(b) Andes
(c) Himalayas
(d) Rockies
Ans: (c)
The Himalayas act as a barrier to cold winds from the north, preventing them from reaching the Indian subcontinent and influencing the climate.

Q3: True or False.

(i) The equator divides the Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
Ans: False
The equator divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, not the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.

(ii) The climate of a place has no effect on the types of plants and animals found there.
Ans: False
The climate of a place greatly affects the types of plants and animals that can survive there. Different climates support different ecosystems.

(iii) Monsoon winds bring heavy rains to many parts of our country.
Ans: True
Monsoon winds are responsible for bringing heavy rains to many parts of our country during the monsoon season.

(iv) Snowfall is common in the lower regions of the Himalayas.
Ans: False
Snowfall is common in the higher regions of the Himalayas, not the lower regions.

(v) The temperature of a place refers to how much water it has. 
Ans: False
The temperature of a place refers to how hot or cold it is, not the amount of water it has.

Q4: Match the Following.

Ans:

Q5: Short Answer Questions.

(i) Describe the two main types of climate in our country.
Ans: Tropical climate is characterized by hot and humid conditions throughout the year, with high temperatures and abundant rainfall. Temperate climate, on the other hand, experiences distinct seasons - a warm summer and a cold winter.

(ii) How does the presence of mountains influence the climate of a region?
Ans: Mountains influence climate by blocking the movement of air masses. They can cause rainfall on one side due to moist air being forced upwards, and the other side may experience a rain shadow effect with dry conditions.

(iii) Explain why some regions of our country experience heavy rainfall during the monsoon season.
Ans: Regions experience heavy monsoon rainfall due to the prevailing winds carrying moisture-laden air from the ocean to the land. When this air meets mountain ranges, it rises, cools, and condenses to form rain clouds.

(iv) What are deserts and what are their main characteristics?
Ans: Deserts are areas with very low rainfall and high temperatures. They can be hot or cold deserts. They typically have sparse vegetation and specialized plants and animals adapted to arid conditions.

(v) How can the climate of a place affect the lifestyle of its people?
Ans: The climate affects the way people dress, the kind of houses they live in, the types of crops they grow, and even their daily routines. For instance, people in colder regions wear warm clothing and build insulated homes.