Industry - 2 Class 4 Worksheet SST

Q1: Fill in the Blanks.

(i) The processing of one form of resource into another useful item is called ________________.
Ans: Manufacturing
Manufacturing refers to the process of transforming raw materials or inputs into finished products through various industrial processes. It plays a crucial role in adding value to resources and creating useful items.

(ii) The raw materials used in manufacturing are also known as ________________.
Ans: Inputs
Inputs are the materials, components, or substances used as the starting point in the manufacturing process. They are the basic building blocks from which finished products are created.

(iii) An input for the paper industry is ________________.
Ans: Wood pulp
Wood pulp is a primary raw material used in the paper industry. It is processed from wood fibers and forms the basis for paper and paper products.

(iv) Finished products from different industries are assembled in the ________________ industry to make cars.
Ans: Car
The car industry involves the assembly of various components and parts, often produced by different industries, to create complete automobiles.

(v) Economic growth of a country depends on its ________________.
Ans: Industries
Industries, including manufacturing and production sectors, are essential drivers of economic growth. They contribute to a nation's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and provide employment opportunities.

(vi) ________________ industries are those that use natural resources like sugarcane and fruits.
Ans: Agro-based
Agro-based industries are centered around the processing of agricultural products such as sugarcane, fruits, vegetables, and grains. They add value to these raw materials and create products like sugar, fruit juices, and processed foods.

(vii) Industries that use iron ore and cement fall under ________________ classification.
Ans: Mineral based
Mineral-based industries are those that utilize minerals and mineral resources as their primary raw materials. Examples include iron and steel industry (using iron ore) and cement industry (using limestone and clay).

(viii) Mumbai is the largest center for ________________ industry in India.
Ans: Textile
Mumbai is known for its significant presence in the textile industry, including cotton mills, garment manufacturing units, and related businesses. It is one of India's major textile hubs.

(ix) Mineral-based industries are usually located near the ________________ of raw materials.
Ans: Source
Mineral-based industries are often situated in proximity to the sources of raw materials (such as mines or quarries) to reduce transportation costs and ensure a steady supply of minerals.

(x) The second largest employer of people after agriculture is the ________________ industry.
Ans: Textile
The textile industry is one of the largest employers in many countries, including India. It provides jobs to millions of people in various stages of textile production, from farming of cotton to garment manufacturing and retail.

Q2: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs).

(i) What is the term for the transformation of resources into useful items?
(a) Transformation
(b) Manufacturing
(c) Processing
(d) Production
Ans: (b)
Manufacturing is the process of converting raw materials into useful items.

(ii) Which industry uses sugarcane as an input?
(a) Iron and steel
(b) Textile
(c) Sugar
(d) Automobile
Ans: (c)
Sugarcane is used as raw material in the sugar industry.

(iii) What is a key requirement for industrial development?
(a) Sports facilities
(b) Skyscrapers
(c) Technical skills
(d) Entertainment centers
Ans: (c)
Technical skills, resources, and supportive infrastructure are necessary for industrial development.

(iv) Which industry is known for assembling finished products from various sources?
(a) Textile
(b) Paper
(c) Automobile
(d) Sugar
Ans: (c)
The car industry assembles finished products from various sources.

(v) Where are mineral-based industries often located?
(a) Urban centers
(b) Remote forests
(c) Near the source of raw materials
(d) Coastal areas
Ans: (c)
Mineral-based industries are usually located near the source of their raw materials.

Q3: True or False.

(i) Agro-based industries use minerals as raw materials.
Ans: False
Agro-based industries are those that primarily rely on agricultural products as their raw materials. These industries include food processing, sugar manufacturing, and cotton textile production, among others. They do not use minerals as their primary raw materials.

(ii) Large-scale industries require fewer machines and money compared to small-scale industries.
Ans: False
Large-scale industries typically require more machines, capital investment, and infrastructure than small-scale industries. They operate on a larger scale, have greater production capacity, and involve higher financial resources.

(iii) Handlooms are an example of rural and cottage industries.
Ans: True
Handloom weaving is a classic example of a rural and cottage industry. It involves traditional methods of weaving textiles, often done in rural households or small-scale workshops, using simple hand-operated looms. These industries contribute to the employment and economic well-being of rural communities.

(iv) Textile is the largest employer of people in India.
Ans: True
The textile industry is indeed one of the largest employers in India. It provides jobs to millions of people across the country, from cotton farming to garment manufacturing and related sectors. Textiles play a crucial role in India's economy and employment.

(v) Mineral-based industries are usually located far away from their raw material sources. 
Ans: False
Mineral-based industries, such as iron and steel or cement production, are typically located near their raw material sources. This is because the transportation of heavy and bulky minerals over long distances can be expensive. Therefore, these industries are often situated in close proximity to mines or quarries to reduce transportation costs.

Q4: Correct and Rewrite the Following Statements.

(i) Raw materials used in manufacturing are always in the form needed by a particular industry.
Ans: Raw materials used in manufacturing are not always in the form needed by a particular industry.

(ii) Agro-based industries mainly rely on mineral resources.
Ans: Agro-based industries mainly rely on agricultural resources like crops and fruits.

(iii) Small-scale industries require more machinery and money than large-scale industries.
Ans: Small-scale industries require less machinery and investment compared to large-scale industries.

(iv) The sugar industry is mostly located in mountainous regions.
Ans: The sugar industry is mostly situated in flat regions with fertile soil.

(v) Mineral-based industries are generally found far away from raw material sources.
Ans: Mineral-based industries are generally found near their raw material sources.

Q5: Write Any Two Differences Between the Following.

(i) Large-scale and small-scale industries.
Ans: 

• Large-scale industries involve a high level of investment, more machinery, and a larger workforce, while small-scale industries require less investment, machinery, and a smaller workforce.
• Large-scale industries operate round the clock throughout the year, while small-scale industries may have fewer working hours and days.

(ii) Agro-based and mineral-based industries.
Ans: Agro-based industries use natural resources from agriculture like crops and fruits, while mineral-based industries use minerals and ores from the earth's crust.

Q6: Name the Following.

(i) The industry that uses sugarcane as its primary raw material.
Ans: Sugar industry
The sugar industry is involved in the processing of sugarcane or sugar beet to produce various types of sugar products, including granulated sugar, brown sugar, and molasses. Sugarcane is the primary raw material for sugar production in many countries, including India.

(ii) The largest center for the textile industry in India.
Ans: Mumbai
Mumbai, also known as Bombay, is one of India's major industrial and commercial hubs. It has a significant presence in the textile industry, with numerous textile mills, garment manufacturing units, and related businesses. Mumbai's historical textile mills played a crucial role in India's textile production.

(iii) The second largest employer of people after agriculture.
Ans: Textile industry
The textile industry is a major source of employment in many countries, including India. It encompasses a wide range of activities, from cotton farming and yarn production to fabric weaving, dyeing, and garment manufacturing. Due to its labor-intensive nature, the textile industry is often considered the second-largest employer after agriculture, providing jobs to millions of people worldwide.

Q7: Short Answer Questions.

(i) What are the key factors required for industrial development in a country?
Ans: Industrial development requires needed technical skills, resources, supportive infrastructure, and enterprising people to utilize the facilities effectively for growth.

(ii) Explain the concept of inputs and outputs in manufacturing with an example.
Ans: Inputs are the raw materials used in manufacturing, while outputs are the finished products. For example, in the paper industry, wood pulp is the input and paper is the output.

(iii) Describe the difference between large-scale and small-scale industries.
Ans: Large-scale industries involve a significant amount of machinery, money, and labor. Small-scale industries require fewer resources and are typically more localized.

(iv) Why are mineral-based industries usually located near the source of raw materials?
Ans: Mineral-based industries are located near the source of raw materials to reduce transportation costs and ensure a steady supply.

(v) How does the economic growth of a country relate to its industrial development?
Ans: Economic growth is closely linked to industrial development as industries contribute to a country's GDP, provide employment, and drive innovation and technological advancements.