Important Questions: Sociology & Society | Sociology Class 11 - Humanities/Arts PDF Download

Q1: What is Sociology?
Ans: Sociology is the study of society as a whole. It looks at how human societies are organized and how they work. It examines relationships and structures within society and tries to understand human behavior in a social context.

Q2: What is society?
Ans: Society is a network of relationships and interactions among people. It includes the rules and customs that guide behavior, different groups and divisions, and ways people help each other. Society is always evolving and changing.

Q3: What is the significance of the Industrial Revolution in the development of sociology?
Ans: The Industrial Revolution brought about significant social and economic changes, influencing the growth of sociology as it raised questions about the impact of industrialization on society.

Q4: What is the relationship between sociology and history?
Ans: Sociology and history are closely related, as sociology analyzes causal relationships between events in society, while history primarily studies past events.

Q5: How does sociology differ from political science in terms of focus?
Ans: Sociology focuses on the actual operation of government and its interrelationships with different institutions, whereas political science primarily studies formal government structures and processes.

Q6: How does sociology contribute to understanding economic behavior?
Ans: Sociology examines economic behavior in the context of social norms, values, and interests, providing a broader understanding beyond traditional economic analysis.

Q7: What is the scope of sociology, and how can it be categorized?
Ans: The scope of sociology includes studying individual interactions, national issues, and global social processes. It can be categorized into these three broad areas of analysis.

Q8. Explain the concept of social facts.
Ans: 

• There are ways of thinking, feeling and acting that are experienced by individuals as external and constraining and that are general throughout the social group.
• Emile Durkheim emphasised on social facts.
• He talked about individual and collective consciousness.
• All thoughts, ideas or inventions developed by individuals, when accepted and adopted by larger group became part of collective consciousness.
• He stated that society is external to man.
• It influences our entire life.
• We are part of society having our own specific place in the social system.

Q9. How society is a continuous process?
Ans:

• Society is a continuous process. It functions in a natural way.
• Society is not imposed upon people rather it is accepted by the members.
• The most important part in the functioning of society is negotiations.
• Due to social interaction society gets constituted and reconstituted.

Q10. How Sociology is a progressive science?

Ans:

• Sociology deals with modern society.
• It is a new science which came into existence in recent times.
• Latest concepts are included in sociology which keeps the subject up to date.
• Sociology is the science that deals with social groups, their mode of organisation, the processes that tend to maintain or change these forms of organisation, and the relations between groups.
• Therefore, it is a progressive science.

Q11: What is the main focus of sociology?
Ans: Sociology focuses on studying human society as a whole and the interactions between individuals and society.

Q12: How does sociology differentiate itself from common sense observations about society?
Ans: Sociology provides a systematic and scientific study of society, while common sense observations are often based on individual experiences and naturalistic explanations.

Q13: How is human society different from animal society?
Ans: While both humans and animals need food, safety, and reproduction, humans are unique in several ways. Humans have culture and complex communication skills, like language and the use of hands, which animals lack.

Q14: What do you know about the Formalistic School?
Ans: The Formalistic School studies the structures and forms of social relationships. It focuses on how social interactions are organized. Key supporters of this approach include Weber, Simmel, and Ward.

Q15: What do you know about the Synthetic School?
Ans: The Synthetic School views sociology as a broad science that looks at society as a whole. It doesn’t focus on specific areas within sociology. Prominent supporters of this perspective are Durkheim, Hobhouse, and Sorokin.