Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Important Question Answers - Transportation in Animals and Plants

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Q1: What are the three essential requirements for the survival of all living beings?
Ans: The three essential requirements for the survival of all living beings are food, water, and oxygen.

Q2: What is the fluid part of blood called?
Ans: The fluid part of blood is called plasma.

Q3: What is the function of red blood cells in the circulatory system?
Ans: Red blood cells transport oxygen to all parts of the body due to the presence of hemoglobin.

Q4: What is the role of white blood cells in the body?
Ans: White blood cells defend the body against infections.

Q5: How is a blood clot formed when a blood vessel is cut?
Ans: Blood clots are formed by cells called platelets in the blood.

Q6: What are the two types of blood vessels in the circulatory system?
Ans: The two types of blood vessels are arteries and veins.

Q7: What is the main function of arteries in the circulatory system?
Ans: Arteries transport oxygen-rich blood from the heart to other parts of the body.

Q8: What is the role of veins in the circulatory system?
Ans: Veins carry blood low in oxygen content and have valves to ensure one-way blood flow.

Q9: How many chambers does the human heart have?
Ans: The human heart has four chambers - two atria and two ventricles.

Q10: What is the purpose of a stethoscope in monitoring heartbeats?
Ans: A stethoscope amplifies the sound of a person's heartbeat, allowing healthcare professionals to listen to the heart's rhythm.

Short Answer Type Questions

Q11: Describe the components of blood and their functions.
Ans: Blood consists of plasma, red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets. Plasma transports nutrients, wastes, and hormones. RBCs carry oxygen due to hemoglobin. WBCs defend against infections, and platelets help in blood clotting.

Q12: Explain the functions of arteries and veins in the circulatory system.
Ans: Arteries transport oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body's organs and tissues. Veins carry blood low in oxygen content back to the heart. Veins have valves to ensure one-way blood flow.

Q13: What are the four chambers of the human heart, and what is their function?
Ans: The human heart has two atria (upper chambers) and two ventricles (lower chambers). The atria receive blood, while the ventricles pump blood. The left ventricle pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body, and the right ventricle pumps carbon dioxide-rich blood to the lungs.

Q14: Explain the concept of a heartbeat and its measurement.
Ans: A heartbeat is the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the heart's muscles. It can be measured by placing the palm on the left side of the chest. The pulse rate, or the number of heartbeats per minute, can be measured at the wrist. The ideal pulse rate is 70 to 80 beats per minute.

Q15: What is excretion, and what are the major organs of the excretory system in humans?
Ans: Excretion is the process of removing waste products produced by cells in living organisms. The major organs of the excretory system in humans are the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.

Q16: Describe the functions of the kidneys in the excretory system.
Ans: The kidneys filter waste products and excess water from the blood, forming urine. They reabsorb useful substances like glucose and release harmful substances like urea in urine. The urine is then transported to the urinary bladder.

Q17: What happens during kidney failure, and how is it treated?
Ans: Kidney failure occurs when the kidneys stop functioning properly, leading to a buildup of waste products in the blood. It is treated through dialysis, where an artificial kidney (dialysis machine) filters the blood. Dialysis helps remove waste products and excess water.

Q18: Explain the process of transpiration in plants.
Ans: Transpiration is the release of excess water in the form of water vapor from the leaves of plants through small pores called stomata. It increases the moisture content in the atmosphere and helps cool the plant and its surroundings.

Q19: How do plants transport water and minerals from the roots to the leaves?
Ans: Plants transport water and minerals through specialized conducting tissues called xylem. The process relies on a transpiration pull, which is the suction force created when water is lost through transpiration. This pull helps draw more water and minerals from the roots.

Q20: Describe the role of stomata in the process of transpiration.
Ans: Stomata are small pores on the lower surface of plant leaves through which excess water is released during transpiration. Stomata also allow for the exchange of gases, including carbon dioxide and oxygen, between the plant and the atmosphere.