Class 7 Science Chapter 8 Important Question Answers - Reproduction in Plants

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Q1: What are the vegetative parts of a plant?
Ans: The vegetative parts of a plant include roots, stems, and leaves.

Q2: What is the purpose of flowers in plants?
Ans: Flowers serve as the reproductive parts for plants.

Q3: How are new plants produced in asexual reproduction?
Ans: New plants are produced in asexual reproduction without the production of seeds.

Q4: What is vegetative propagation?
Ans: Vegetative propagation is a type of asexual reproduction in which new plants are produced from roots, stems, leaves, or buds.

Q5: What is the role of stem cutting in vegetative reproduction?
Ans: Stem cutting involves taking a part of the stem with buds, burying it in soil, and allowing it to develop new roots and shoots, resulting in a new plant.

Q6: Give an example of a plant that reproduces through fragmentation.
Ans: Algae like Spirogyra reproduce through fragmentation, where they divide into multiple parts, each growing into a new individual.

Q7: What are spores, and how do they contribute to asexual reproduction in some plants?
Ans: Spores are reproductive structures with a protective cover. In some plants like moss and ferns, spores float in the air and can germinate to form new plants when favorable conditions are met.

Q8: What are the male reproductive parts of a flower called?
Ans: The male reproductive parts of a flower are called stamen.

Q9: Name the female reproductive parts of a flower.
Ans: The female reproductive parts of a flower are stigma, style, and ovary.

Q10: What is pollination, and how do pollen grains reach the female gametes in plants?
Ans: Pollination is the process of transferring pollen grains from the male reproductive parts to the female reproductive parts of flowers. Pollen grains are carried by wind, water, insects, or other animals to reach the female gametes.

Short Answer Type Questions

Q11: Explain the concept of vegetative propagation in plants.
Ans: Vegetative propagation is a form of asexual reproduction in which new plants are produced from the vegetative parts of the parent plant, such as roots, stems, leaves, or buds. This method results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent plant.

Q12: Describe how stem cutting is used in vegetative reproduction.
Ans: Stem cutting involves taking a part of the stem with buds, planting it in moist soil, and allowing it to develop new roots and shoots. This method is commonly used to propagate plants like roses, grapes, sugarcane, and cacti.

Q13: Provide an example of a plant that reproduces through budding.
Ans: Yeast is an example of an organism that reproduces through budding. In this process, a small bulb-like projection called a bud forms on the yeast cell, grows, detaches, and develops into a new yeast cell.

Q14: Explain how fragmentation contributes to asexual reproduction in algae.
Ans: Algae like Spirogyra reproduce through fragmentation by dividing themselves into multiple parts. When these parts come into contact with water and nutrients, they grow into new individuals. This process allows algae to multiply rapidly.

Q15: What is the significance of spore formation in plants like moss and ferns?
Ans: Spore formation in plants like moss and ferns allows for asexual reproduction. Spores have a protective covering that helps them survive harsh environmental conditions. When favorable conditions are met, spores germinate and develop into new plants, ensuring the plant's survival and propagation.

Q16: Differentiate between self-pollination and cross-pollination in plants.
Ans: Self-pollination occurs when pollen grains from the same flower's stamen fertilize the stigma of the same flower. Cross-pollination occurs when pollen grains from one flower's stamen fertilize the stigma of a different flower, either of the same or different kind.

Q17: What are the male and female reproductive parts of a flower, and what is their role in sexual reproduction?
Ans: The male reproductive parts of a flower are called stamen, which include the anther (producing pollen grains). The female reproductive parts are called pistil, consisting of the stigma (where pollen grains attach), style (connecting stigma and ovary), and ovary (containing eggs or female gametes). These parts play a crucial role in sexual reproduction by facilitating the fusion of male and female gametes.

Q18: Explain how pollination occurs and the types of pollination.
Ans: Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the male reproductive parts (stamen) to the female reproductive parts (stigma) of flowers. There are two types of pollination: self-pollination (pollen from the same flower) and cross-pollination (pollen from a different flower, either of the same or different kind). Pollination can be carried out by wind, water, insects, or other animals.

Q19: What is fertilization in plant reproduction, and what happens after fertilization?
Ans: Fertilization is the process of fusion between male and female gametes, resulting in the formation of a zygote. After fertilization, the ovary of the flower grows and develops into a fruit, while the remaining parts of the flower fall off. The ovules within the ovary develop into seeds, enclosing the embryo.

Q20: Explain the significance of seed dispersal in plants and provide examples of dispersal mechanisms.
Ans: Seed dispersal is essential for the growth and survival of plant species. It helps prevent competition among plants of the same kind in the same area and allows plants to grow in different habitats. Seeds and fruits can be dispersed by wind (winged seeds), water (buoyant seeds), and animals (spiny seeds, fruits that burst). Examples include maple seeds carried by wind, coconuts dispersed by water, and burrs attached to animal fur.