Textbook Solutions: Components of Our Food | Eureka Plus Class 6: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets PDF Download

I. Tick (✔) the correct options. 

1.
Ans: (b)

2. 
Ans: (d)

3.
Ans: (d)

4. 
Ans: (b)

5. 
Ans: (a)

6. 
Ans: (d)

II. 

 Ans: 

• Night blindness is caused by a vitamin A deficiency and leads to an inability to see in dim light.
• Anaemia is caused by iron deficiency and results in less hemoglobin and weakness.
• Goitre is due to a deficiency of iodine and causes enlargement of the thyroid gland.
• Rickets is linked to a deficiency of vitamin D and causes soft and twisted bones.
• Scurvy is caused by a vitamin C deficiency and leads to swollen and bleeding gums.

III. Answer the following questions in one sentence. 

1. 
Ans: The five different nutrients the human body needs are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals.

2.
Ans: We must expose our body to sunlight because it helps the body make vitamin D.

3.
Ans: Our body needs fats for brain development, cell formation, digestion, and energy production.

4.
Ans: Iron helps the human body make red blood cells.

5.
Ans: ''Protein-energy malnutrition' occurs when a child's daily diet lacks enough carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

6.
Ans: A balanced diet is the daily intake of food containing all the necessary nutrients in the right quantities to ensure proper growth and overall health.

7.
Ans: Bones become soft and twisted in a condition known as rickets, often caused by a deficiency of vitamin D and calcium.

8.
Ans: Overweight people are at risk of developing heart diseases and diabetes.

9.
Ans: Malnutrition is a condition when a person's daily diet is deficient in one or more essential nutrients.

10.
Ans: Three food items rich in vitamin A are carrots, papayas, and fish-liver oil.

IV. Answer the following questions in two to five sentences. 

1.
Ans: The human body needs proteins for growth and to repair tissues. Proteins are essential for building and maintaining muscles, organs, and various body tissues. Good sources of proteins include milk, cheese, meat, fish, eggs, mushrooms, nuts, and pulses such as beans, peas, and grams.

2.
Ans: The human body needs water for various important functions. Water is a major component of blood and every cell, helps regulate body temperature, aids in digestion, and assists in cleaning the blood by forming urine.

3.
Ans: Fats are essential in our diet because they serve multiple functions, including brain development, cell formation, making digestive juices, utilizing fat-soluble vitamins (such as A and D), and providing energy to maintain body warmth. Some sources of healthy fats include walnuts, flax seeds, edible oils, and sea fish.

4.
Ans: The daily diet of a person depends on their age because different age groups have varying nutritional requirements. Children, for example, need more proteins for growth and more carbohydrates for energy, while older individuals might require a diet that aligns with their activity levels and health conditions.

5.
Ans: People carrying heavy loads need more carbohydrates in their diet because carbohydrates provide quick energy. Physical labor and heavy lifting demand more energy, and carbohydrates are an efficient source of that energy.

6.
Ans: The human body needs potassium for maintaining the health of the brain, nerves, and muscles, as well as for regulating water balance. Some sources of potassium include tomatoes, green leafy vegetables, bananas, and various fruits and beans.

Think and answer.

I. Study the data given above and answer the questions. 
1.
Ans: The common health problems faced by the students do not seem directly related to age or sex but more to dietary habits.

2.
Ans: The health problems seem related to dietary habits rather than being strictly vegetarian or non-vegetarian, as the vitamin deficiencies noted (Vitamin C in one case) and lack of dietary fiber suggest inadequate fruit and vegetable intake.

3.
Ans: The dietary deficiency likely causing stomach ache and indigestion in the students could be due to a lack of fiber, as fiber helps in digestion and the removal of waste from the digestive system. Since most students are consuming less or very less fiber, this could be a contributing factor.

II.
Ans:
1. False - A baked potato contains proteins.
2. True - Milk contains carbohydrates such as sugar and starch.
3. True - Only a baked potato has starch, vitamin C, and fiber.
4. False - A boiled egg does not contain carbohydrates, but milk does.