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Class 6 Science Chapter 4 Question Answers - Getting to Know Plants

Short Answer Questions

Q1: What are the three main categories of plants based on their features?
Ans: Herbs, shrubs, and trees.

Q2: Name an example of a herb and a shrub.
Ans: 

  • Herb: Mint
  • Shrub: Pomegranate

Q3: What is the function of root hairs in plants?
Ans: Root hairs help plants absorb water and minerals from the soil.

Q4: Explain the difference between taproots and fibrous roots.
Ans: Taproots have one main root with fine roots attached, while fibrous roots have many thin roots growing from the base.

Q5: What is the main function of the stem in a plant?
Ans: The stem carries water from the roots to other parts of the plant and transports food from the leaves.

Long Answer Questions

Q1: Describe the characteristics of herbs, shrubs, and trees. Provide examples of each.
Ans: 

  • Herbs are small plants with soft stems, usually having one main stem. They have shallow roots, and examples include mint and spinach.
  • Shrubs are larger with many woody stems, deep roots, and examples include pomegranate and rose.
  • Trees are tall, have a broad woody stem, many branches, and deep roots, with examples like mango and banyan.

Q2: Explain the functions of the root system and the shoot system in a plant.

Ans: 

  • The root system anchors the plant, absorbs water, and minerals. It has root hairs for water absorption.
  • The shoot system consists of the stem, branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits. The stem transports water and food, while leaves perform photosynthesis.

Q3: Discuss the different types of modifications seen in roots and stems of plants.

Ans: 

  • Roots can be modified to store food (e.g., carrots), provide extra support (e.g., maize with prop roots), or store water (e.g., cacti).
  • Stems can be modified to store food (e.g., potatoes), provide support (e.g., grapevines with tendrils), or even store water and make food (e.g., cacti).

Q4: Explain the process of photosynthesis in leaves.
Ans:  Photosynthesis is the process where leaves use chlorophyll, sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce food in the form of sugar. Oxygen is released during photosynthesis.

Q5: What are complete flowers, and what are their different parts? How do they enable plant reproduction?
Ans: 

  • Complete flowers have all four parts: sepals, petals, stamens, and pistil.
  • Sepals protect the bud and hold the petals during flowering.
  • Stamens are male parts producing pollen, while the pistil is the female part with stigma, style, and ovary containing ovules.
  • Complete flowers aid in plant reproduction as they can develop into fruits with seeds.
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FAQs on Class 6 Science Chapter 4 Question Answers - Getting to Know Plants

1. What are the different parts of a plant and their functions?
Ans. The different parts of a plant include the roots, stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits. The roots anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients from the soil. The stem provides support and transports water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant. Leaves are responsible for photosynthesis, producing food for the plant. Flowers are the reproductive parts of the plant and produce seeds. Fruits protect the seeds and aid in their dispersal.
2. How does photosynthesis occur in plants?
Ans. Photosynthesis occurs in plants through a process that utilizes sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose (sugar) and oxygen. The leaves contain chlorophyll, a green pigment that absorbs sunlight. The absorbed sunlight is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The glucose is then used as a source of energy for the plant, while the oxygen is released into the atmosphere.
3. What are the types of pollination in plants?
Ans. There are two types of pollination in plants: self-pollination and cross-pollination. Self-pollination occurs when the pollen from the male part of a flower (anther) fertilizes the female part (stigma) of the same flower or another flower on the same plant. Cross-pollination, on the other hand, happens when the pollen from one plant is transferred to the stigma of a different plant of the same species, either by wind, water, insects, or other animals.
4. How do plants reproduce?
Ans. Plants reproduce through two main methods: sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female reproductive cells, resulting in the formation of seeds. This can occur through pollination, where pollen is transferred from the male part of a flower to the female part. Asexual reproduction, on the other hand, does not involve the fusion of reproductive cells and results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent plant. This can happen through methods like vegetative propagation, where new plants are produced from stems, roots, or leaves.
5. How do plants adapt to their environments?
Ans. Plants have various adaptations to survive and thrive in different environments. Some adaptations include the ability to store water in their leaves or stems to withstand drought conditions, the presence of thorns or spines to deter herbivores, the ability to shed leaves in seasons with limited water or extreme temperatures, the development of deep roots to access water underground, and the ability to change the angle or orientation of leaves to maximize sunlight absorption. These adaptations help plants adapt to factors such as temperature, water availability, and the presence of predators.
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