Short & Long Questions: Weather and Climate | Be an Explorer 5: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets - Class 5 PDF Download

Short Answer Questions.

Q1: What is weather, and how is it different from climate?
Ans: Weather refers to the atmospheric conditions at a specific place and time, influenced by factors like temperature, pressure, wind, humidity, and rainfall. Climate, on the other hand, is the average weather conditions over a large area for an extended period.

Q2: Name the factors that influence weather.
Ans: Air temperature, air pressure, wind, humidity, and rainfall are factors that influence weather.

Q3: How does altitude affect climate, and give an example?
Ans: Altitude refers to the height above sea level. Climate gets colder with an increase in altitude. An example is mountain peaks, like those above 5500 meters, which remain snow-covered throughout the year.

Q4: Explain the difference between land and sea breezes.
Ans: Land breezes occur when warm air above the land rises, and cool air from the sea replaces it. Sea breezes happen at night when the land cools faster than the sea, causing warm air above the sea to rise.

Q5: How do winds affect climate?
Ans: Winds coming from hot areas increase temperature, while winds from cold regions lower it. Rain-bearing winds bring moisture, affecting precipitation in a region.

Q6: What is humidity, and how does it affect coastal areas?
Ans: Humidity is the amount of moisture in the atmosphere. Winds over the sea bring in lots of moisture, making the climate of coastal areas very humid.

Q7: Describe the desert climate and its main feature.
Ans: Desert climate is found in hot desert regions, characterized by hot days, cool nights, and a high daily temperature range. Sandstorms are common in this climate.

Q8: Name the types of climates based on prevailing conditions.
Ans: Monsoon, Equatorial, Desert, Continental, Maritime, Tundra, and Mediterranean are the main types of climates.

Q9: What is the Tundra climate, and which animals are found there?
Ans: Tundra climate is extremely cold, near the Poles. Animals like polar bears, reindeer, seals, and huskies are found in this region.

Q10: Define the Torrid Zone and its characteristics.
Ans: The Torrid Zone lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. It experiences hot and humid conditions as the Sun's rays fall directly on it.

Long Answer Questions.

Q1: Explain the impact of distance from the Equator (latitude) on climate.
Ans: Places near the Equator are generally hotter, as the Sun's rays are more direct, covering a shorter distance. Regions farther from the Equator experience cooler climates due to the rays covering a larger area.

Q2: Describe the role of ocean currents in influencing climate.
Ans: Ocean currents, whether warm or cold, affect the climate of a place. For example, the Gulf Stream, a warm current, keeps Murmansk ice-free throughout the year.

Q3: Discuss the characteristics of the Monsoon climate and provide an example.
Ans: Monsoon climate is characterized by wet summers and dry winters. India has a monsoon climate, supporting diverse plant and animal life.

Q4: Differentiate between Equatorial and Desert climates.
Ans: Equatorial climates are hot and humid throughout the year, while desert climates have high daily temperature ranges, with hot days and cool nights.

Q5: Explain the factors contributing to the Continental climate.
Ans: Continental climates, found away from the sea, experience extremely hot summers and very cold winters. Delhi is an example of a place with a continental climate.

Q6: Elaborate on the characteristics of the Maritime climate and give an example.
Ans: Maritime climates, near the sea, have moderate temperatures throughout the year. Mumbai has a maritime climate due to its coastal location.

Q7: Discuss the Tundra climate and its impact on vegetation.
Ans: The Tundra region, near the Poles, remains icy throughout the year. Vegetation is scarce, with only a few animals like polar bears and reindeer adapted to this harsh environment.

Q8: Explain the features of the Mediterranean climate and its location.
Ans: Mediterranean climates have wet winters and hot, dry summers. These climates are found near the Mediterranean Sea.

Q9: Define the Temperate Zone and discuss its climate characteristics.
Ans: The Temperate Zone lies between the Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere. It enjoys a moderate climate, neither too hot nor too cold.

Q10: Describe the Frigid Zone and explain the impact of the Sun's rays on its climate.
Ans: The Frigid Zone, near the Poles, experiences cool temperatures throughout the year. The slant of the Sun's rays loses strength in these regions, making them consistently cool.