Short Answer Questions.
Q1: Where is Greenland located?
Ans: Greenland is located in the northern Frigid Zone, near the North Pole.
Q2: Who named Greenland, and why?
Ans: Erik the Red, the Norwegian explorer, named Greenland to attract settlers with the idea of a green land, even though it is mostly covered in ice.
Q3: What separates Greenland from the northern islands of Canada?
Ans: Baffin Bay and the Davis Strait separate Greenland from the northern islands of Canada.
Q4: What is the climate like in Greenland?
Ans: Greenland has an arctic climate, with extremely cold winters, heavy snowfall, and cool, short summers.
Q5: What percentage of Greenland is permanently covered in ice and snow?
Ans: Almost 80% of Greenland is permanently covered in ice and snow, forming an ice cap.
Q6: Which animal has a long shaggy coat and is found in Greenland?
Ans: The Musk ox has a long shaggy coat and is found in Greenland.
Q7: What is the national sport of Greenland?
Ans: Football is the national sport of Greenland.
Q8: What are the main occupations in Greenland?
Ans: The main occupations in Greenland are fishing, hunting, mining, and trading.
Q9: What is the capital of Greenland?
Ans: Nuuk is the capital of Greenland.
Q10: What is the traditional house of Eskimos in Greenland called?
Ans: The traditional house of Eskimos in Greenland is called an 'Igloo.'
Long Answer Questions.
Q1: Describe the relief features of Greenland.
Ans: Greenland has a mostly flat but gradually sloping ice cap covering about 80% of its land. The terrain is narrow, mountainous, barren, and rocky along the coast.
Q2: Explain the climate of Greenland.
Ans: Greenland has an arctic climate with extremely cold, dark winters and cool, short summers. Temperatures rarely rise above freezing point, and the sun may not rise for weeks during winter.
Q3: What are the main animals found in Greenland, and how do they adapt to the extreme cold?
Ans: Animals in Greenland, such as Musk ox, reindeer, Arctic hare, Arctic fox, and Polar bear, have thick, furry coats to survive the extreme cold.
Q4: Describe the lifestyle and traditions of the people of Greenland.
Ans: The Greenlanders, mainly Inuits, have a small population due to harsh conditions. They celebrate festivals like Christmas and New Year, engage in traditional activities like kayak building, soapstone figure making, and drum dancing.
Q5: Explain the changes in lifestyle and occupations in Greenland over the years.
Ans: Inuits in Greenland used to rely on hunting, but now many buy imported goods. Some have shifted to working in mines and oilfields, and there's a migration to cities. Traditional tools like harpoons have been replaced by rifles.
Q6: Why does a house made of ice not melt in the Tundra Region and keep the Eskimos warm?
Ans: The igloos, made of compacted snow and ice, provide excellent insulation. The insulating properties of ice prevent heat loss, and the small entrance helps retain warmth, making it suitable for the Tundra Region.
Q7: What are the main means of transport in Greenland, and why are they essential?
Ans: Airways and waterways are crucial means of transport in Greenland due to its challenging terrain. Motorized boats are used for hunting and fishing, and sledges, both dog-pulled and motorized, are used for transportation.
Q8: Describe the vegetation in Greenland and why tall trees cannot grow there.
Ans: Greenland has dwarf birch, willow, mosses, lichens, and small plants due to the freezing temperatures. Tall trees cannot grow because of the extreme climate, and germination and plant growth occur only in the summer months.
Q9: Explain the geographical location of Greenland and its proximity to the North Pole.
Ans: Greenland is located in the northern Frigid Zone, only 650 km away from the North Pole. It is an autonomous territory of Denmark, and the Baffin Bay and Davis Strait separate it from the northern islands of Canada.
Q10: How has modernization affected the traditional lifestyle of the people in Greenland?
Ans: Modernization in Greenland has brought changes such as living in wooden houses, using motorized boats and sledges, and moving to cities. Traditional activities like hunting with harpoons have been replaced by rifles, reflecting a shift in lifestyle.
