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Olympiad Notes: Pollution and Calamities | Science Olympiad Class 6 PDF Download

Pollution Fundamentals

Olympiad Notes: Pollution and Calamities | Science Olympiad Class 6

  • Definition: Pollution is the degradation of the environment due to unwanted and undesirable substances, impacting health and daily life.
  • Types of Pollutants: These include sulphur dioxide (SO2), lead oxides, smoke, and dust particles, found in air, water, and soil.

Types of Pollution

  • Air Pollution: Air contamination with harmful gases and substances.
  • Water Pollution: Presence of undesirable substances in water.
  • Soil Pollution: Soil deterioration due to harmful chemicals.
  • Noise Pollution: Unwanted sound over 80 decibels (dB).
  • Radioactive Pollution: Harmful radiation exposure.

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Which type of pollution is caused by the presence of harmful chemicals in the soil?
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Air Pollution Causes

  • Man-Made Causes: Burning fossil fuels, factory smoke, harmful vehicle gases, and deforestation.
  • Natural Causes: Volcanic eruptions and forest fires.
  • Deforestation Impact: Reduction in natural air purifiers, leading to increased pollution.

Air Pollution Consequences

  • Acid Rain: Caused by SO2 and NO2 mixing with rainwater, leading to structural corrosion.
  • Greenhouse Effect: Earth's atmosphere warming due to gases like CO2, methane, and nitrous oxide.
  • Ozone Depletion: Prevented by CO2 which inhibits nitrogen oxide formation, protecting against ultraviolet radiation.

Air Pollution Effects

  • Causes respiratory issues, skin irritation, reduced visibility, and potential cancer or neurological disorders.

Air Pollution Mitigation

  • Use of safer fuels (e.g., CNG), installation of purification systems in factories, tree plantation, and promotion of renewable energy.

[Question: 950871]

Water Pollution

Olympiad Notes: Pollution and Calamities | Science Olympiad Class 6

  • Definition: Compromised smell and quality of water due to human activities and industrialization.
  • Causes: Waste dumping, algal growth, use of chemicals, sewage spills, etc.
  • Consequences: Affects aquatic life, disturbs food chains, leads to eutrophication, and can cause human diseases.

Water Pollution Prevention

  • Increased awareness, use of electric vehicles, and proper waste management.

Soil Pollution

  • Causes: Chemicals from agriculture, acid rain, improper irrigation, and non-biodegradable substances.
  • Consequences: Affects food chains, reduces plant growth, causes soil erosion, and leads to diseases.

Soil Pollution Mitigation

  • Use of organic fertilizers, crop rotation, and removal of contaminated soil.

Noise Pollution

Olympiad Notes: Pollution and Calamities | Science Olympiad Class 6

  • Definition: Loud, unwanted sound above 80dB.
  • Causes: Construction, transport, industry, and explosions.
  • Consequences: Hearing loss, sleep disturbances, stress, and structural damage.

Noise Pollution Protection

  • Education, soundproofing, and tree plantation near noisy areas.

Natural Calamities

  • Earthquakes: Sudden ground shaking due to tectonic movements, measured on Richter's scale.
  • Volcanoes: Eruptions releasing molten rock and gases.
  • Tsunamis: High tidal waves caused by undersea earthquakes.
  • Droughts: Caused by low rainfall, leading to water scarcity.
The document Olympiad Notes: Pollution and Calamities | Science Olympiad Class 6 is a part of the Class 6 Course Science Olympiad Class 6.
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FAQs on Olympiad Notes: Pollution and Calamities - Science Olympiad Class 6

1. What are the different types of pollution discussed in the article?
Ans. The different types of pollution discussed in the article are air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, and noise pollution.
2. What are some of the causes of air pollution?
Ans. Some of the causes of air pollution include emissions from vehicles and industries, burning fossil fuels, and deforestation.
3. How does water pollution occur?
Ans. Water pollution occurs when harmful substances, such as chemicals, waste, or sewage, are released into water bodies like rivers, lakes, and oceans.
4. What is soil pollution and how does it happen?
Ans. Soil pollution refers to the contamination of soil with harmful substances. It happens due to the excessive use of fertilizers, pesticides, and chemicals, improper waste disposal, and industrial activities.
5. What is noise pollution and what are its sources?
Ans. Noise pollution is the excessive or disturbing noise that may have harmful effects on human health and the environment. Sources of noise pollution include traffic, construction sites, industrial machinery, and loud music.
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