WBCS (West Bengal) Exam > WBCS (West Bengal) Notes > WBCS Preparation: All Subjects > West Bengal: Wildlife Sanctuaries
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Wildlife Sanctuaries in West Bengal
Wildlife sanctuaries in West Bengal serve as protected zones to safeguard species from hunting and poaching, permitting certain activities within defined limits. The most extensive sanctuary is Sajnekhali Wildlife Sanctuary, while the smallest is Jorepokhri Wildlife Sanctuary. Several notable sanctuaries in West Bengal include:
- Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary
Located in the Darjeeling district, covering 38.6 sq km, and established in 1915. The sanctuary is home to high-altitude animals such as barking deer, wild pig, Himalayan black bear, leopard, jungle cat, common rhesus monkey, Assam macaque, and Himalayan flying squirrel.
- Lothian Island Wildlife Sanctuary
Situated in the South 24 Parganas district, spanning 38 sq km, and founded in 1976. A component of the deltaic Sundarbans, it features a tropical estuarine swamp forest. Fauna includes estuarine crocodile, olive ridley sea turtle, spotted deer, jungle cat, and rhesus monkey. - Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary
Located in the Darjeeling district, covering 159 sq km, and designated as a sanctuary in 1976. Positioned between the Mahananda and Teesta rivers in the Terai plains of Darjeeling, it consists of nine major forest ranges. The Terai belt serves as a crucial corridor for elephant migration from Nepal to Assam. Bengal Tiger, elephants, bison, spotted deer, rare mountain goat, porcupines, hornbill, swallow, swift, sunbird, etc., inhabit the sanctuary. - Sajnekhali Wildlife Sanctuary
Found in South 24 Parganas, spanning 362.80 sq km, and established in 1976. It is an integral part of the Sundarbans ecosystem, situated at the confluence of Matla and Gumdi rivers. The fauna includes spotted billed pelican, cotton teal, herring gull, caspian tern, grey heron, large egret, night heron, open-billed stork, white ibis, common kingfisher, and paradise flycatcher.
- Pakhi Bitan Wildlife Sanctuary
The newest addition established in 2011, covering about 14.09 sq km, situated in Jalpaiguri district near the Gajaldoba waterbody and Teesta barrage. Dedicated to the conservation of aquatic bird habitats, it hosts various exotic migratory bird species during winters.
Other Wildlife Sanctuaries (WLS) of West Bengal
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| 1. What are some popular wildlife sanctuaries in West Bengal? |  |
Ans. Some popular wildlife sanctuaries in West Bengal are Sunderbans National Park, Jaldapara National Park, Neora Valley National Park, Buxa Tiger Reserve, and Singalila National Park.
| 2. What is the significance of Sunderbans National Park in West Bengal? | |
Ans. Sunderbans National Park is of great significance as it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is home to the largest population of Royal Bengal Tigers in the world. It is also known for its unique mangrove ecosystem and is a major tourist attraction.
| 3. What wildlife can be found in Jaldapara National Park in West Bengal? | |
Ans. Jaldapara National Park is known for its population of Indian one-horned rhinoceros. Apart from rhinos, the park is also home to other animals like elephants, tigers, deer, wild boars, and various species of birds.
| 4. How can one reach Neora Valley National Park in West Bengal? | |
Ans. Neora Valley National Park can be reached by road from Siliguri or Kalimpong. The nearest airport is Bagdogra Airport, and the nearest railway station is New Jalpaiguri Railway Station. From there, one can hire a taxi or take a bus to reach the park.
| 5. What is the best time to visit Buxa Tiger Reserve in West Bengal? | |
Ans. The best time to visit Buxa Tiger Reserve is from October to April when the weather is pleasant and the chances of wildlife sightings are higher. It is advisable to avoid visiting during the monsoon season as the park remains closed due to heavy rainfall.
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