JEE Exam > JEE Notes > Chemistry for JEE Main & Advanced > JEE Advanced Previous Year Questions (2018 - 2024): Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
JEE Advanced Previous Year Questions (2018 - 2024): Haloalkanes and Haloarenes | Chemistry for JEE Main & Advanced PDF Download
2023
Q1: In the following reactions, P, Q, R, and S are the major products.
(a) P is a primary alcohol with four carbons.
(b) Q undergoes Kolbe's electrolysis to give an eight-carbon product.
(c) R has six carbons and it undergoes Cannizzaro reaction.
(d) S is a primary amine with six carbons. [JEE Advanced 2023 Paper 2]
Ans: (b)
2021
Q1: In the reaction given below, the total number of atoms having sp2 hybridization in the major product P is _________. [JEE Advanced 2021 Paper 1]
Ans: 12
Alkene on treatment with ozone (O3) followed by treatment with Zn/H2O gives carbonyl compounds.
Carbonyl compounds react with NH2OH to give oximes.
There are four sp2-carbon atoms, four sp2-nitrogen atoms and four sp2-oxygen atoms as shown in structures I and II.
Therefore, total number of atoms having sp2-hybridisation are twelve (12).
Q2: The major product formed in the following reaction of
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
[JEE Advanced 2021 Paper 1]
Ans: (b)
It is a case of Birch reduction. Alkynes on reaction with alkali metal in liq. NH3 gives trans-alkene. But terminal alkynes do not get reduced.
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FAQs on JEE Advanced Previous Year Questions (2018 - 2024): Haloalkanes and Haloarenes - Chemistry for JEE Main & Advanced
| 1. What are haloalkanes and how do they differ from haloarenes? |  |
Ans.Haloalkanes are organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and halogen atoms (such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine) with a structure that includes an alkane backbone. Haloarenes, on the other hand, are aromatic compounds where one or more hydrogen atoms on an aromatic ring are replaced by halogen atoms. The key difference lies in the structure: haloalkanes are aliphatic, while haloarenes include a cyclic, aromatic structure.
| 2. What is the mechanism of nucleophilic substitution in haloalkanes? | |
Ans.The nucleophilic substitution mechanism in haloalkanes can occur through two primary pathways: SN1 and SN2. In the SN2 mechanism, the nucleophile attacks the carbon atom from the opposite side of the leaving group (halogen), leading to a concerted reaction. In the SN1 mechanism, the reaction occurs in two steps: the halogen leaves, forming a carbocation intermediate, followed by the nucleophile attacking the carbocation. Factors such as the structure of the haloalkane and the strength of the nucleophile influence which mechanism predominates.
| 3. What are the common reactions that haloalkanes undergo? | |
Ans.Haloalkanes commonly undergo several types of reactions, including nucleophilic substitution (SN1 and SN2), elimination reactions (E1 and E2), and reactions with metals to form organometallic compounds. In nucleophilic substitution, the halogen is replaced by a nucleophile, while elimination reactions result in the formation of alkenes by removing a halogen and a hydrogen atom.
| 4. How do haloarenes react compared to haloalkanes? | |
Ans.Haloarenes are generally less reactive than haloalkanes due to the stability of the aromatic ring, which makes nucleophilic substitution reactions less favorable. Instead of undergoing typical nucleophilic substitution reactions, haloarenes more commonly participate in electrophilic substitution reactions, where the aromatic ring is attacked by electrophiles, leading to the substitution of the halogen with other substituents.
| 5. What safety precautions should be taken when handling haloalkanes and haloarenes in a laboratory setting? | |
Ans.When handling haloalkanes and haloarenes in the lab, it is crucial to wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and lab coats to prevent skin and eye contact. Additionally, work should be conducted in a well-ventilated area or fume hood to avoid inhalation of vapors. Proper storage in labeled, sealed containers away from heat sources and incompatible substances is also essential to ensure safety.
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