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Electromagnetic Waves | Physics for GCSE/IGCSE - Year 11 PDF Download
Electromagnetic Waves
- The electromagnetic spectrum organizes waves by their wavelengths or frequencies.
- The main divisions of the electromagnetic spectrum include:
- Radio waves
- Microwaves
- Infrared
- Visible light (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet)
- Ultraviolet
- X-rays
- Gamma rays
- This order is shown in the diagram below from longest wavelength (lowest frequency) to shortest wavelength (highest frequency)
- The higher the frequency, the higher the energy of the radiation
- Radiation with higher energy is:
- Highly ionizing
- Harmful to cells and tissues causing cancer (e.g. UV, X-rays, Gamma rays)
- Radiation with lower energy is:
- Useful for communications
- Less harmful to humans
Properties of Electromagnetic Waves
- Electromagnetic waves are described as:
- Transverse waves transfer energy from the source to an absorber.
- All electromagnetic waves exhibit the following characteristics:
- They propagate as transverse waves.
- They can travel through a vacuum medium.
- They move at a constant speed in a vacuum.
- The 7 different types of electromagnetic waves form a continuous spectrum.
The Speed of Electromagnetic Waves
- The speed of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum is 3.0 × 108 m/s.
- This speed is approximately the same as electromagnetic waves in air.
Question for Electromagnetic WavesTry yourself: Which division of the electromagnetic spectrum has the longest wavelength?View Solution
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FAQs on Electromagnetic Waves - Physics for GCSE/IGCSE - Year 11
| 1. What is the electromagnetic spectrum? |  |
Ans. The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, including radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.
| 2. How do the speeds of different electromagnetic waves compare to each other? | |
Ans. All electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light in a vacuum, which is approximately 3.00 x 10^8 m/s. This means that all electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed.
| 3. What are some common everyday examples of electromagnetic waves? | |
Ans. Some common everyday examples of electromagnetic waves include radio waves (used for communication), microwaves (used for cooking), visible light (used for vision), and infrared radiation (used in remote controls).
| 4. How are the different types of electromagnetic waves classified on the electromagnetic spectrum? | |
Ans. Electromagnetic waves are classified on the electromagnetic spectrum based on their wavelength and frequency. Radio waves have the longest wavelength and lowest frequency, while gamma rays have the shortest wavelength and highest frequency.
| 5. How are electromagnetic waves used in medical imaging technologies? | |
Ans. Electromagnetic waves such as X-rays and gamma rays are used in medical imaging technologies like X-ray machines and CT scans to produce detailed images of the inside of the body for diagnostic purposes.
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Dec 18, 2024 Last updated |
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