Year 4 Exam > Year 4 Notes > Year 4 Mathematics > Divide a 2-digit by a 1-digit number
Divide a 2-digit by a 1-digit number | Year 4 Mathematics PDF Download
| Table of contents |
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| Division |
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| Using Arrays for Division |
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| Using Number Lines for Division |
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| Partitioning Numbers |
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| Short Division Method |
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Division
- Introduction to Division: Division is a mathematical operation used to split a number into equal parts. It is the opposite of multiplication.
- Methods of Division: There are various methods that can aid in division to make it easier to understand and perform.
Using Arrays for Division
What is an Array?
An array is a way of organizing items into rows and columns. It can be used as a visual aid to divide one number by another.
How to Use Arrays for Division
To divide using arrays, you arrange the total number you want to divide into groups based on the divisor. The number of groups formed gives the quotient.
Example of Using Arrays for Division
- Visual Representation: An array can visually represent the division process. For example, consider dividing 27 by 3.
- Explanation: By arranging 27 into 3 rows of 9, we visually see that 27 ÷ 3 equals 9. Each row represents a group of 3, totaling 9 groups.
Using Number Lines for Division
- A number line can aid in division by visualizing the process.
- For instance:
- When dividing 30 by 5, you can count the number of 'jumps' of 5 from 0 to 30.
- By counting 6 jumps of 5, you get the result: 30 ÷ 5 = 6.
- Utilizing a number line simplifies the division process visually.
Partitioning Numbers
- Partitioning numbers into tens and ones can facilitate division.
- For example:
- Let's consider 69 ÷ 3.
- By breaking down 69 into 60 and 9 and dividing them by 3 separately, the process becomes more manageable.
- After dividing 60 ÷ 3 = 20 and 9 ÷ 3 = 3, you add the results to get the final answer.
- Adding 20 and 3, you obtain the result: 69 ÷ 3 = 23.
- Partitioning numbers simplifies complex division problems.
Short Division Method
- The short division method, also known as the 'bus stop method', is a technique for dividing numbers that resembles a bus stop sign.
- It works similarly to the partitioning method: first, you divide the tens, and then you divide the ones.
Example: What is 84 ÷ 4?
The number you are dividing by goes outside of the ‘bus stop,’ while the larger number goes inside.
Step 1: Focus on dividing the tens.
80 ÷ 4 = 20
Since 20 is made up of 2 tens, you just put a 2 in the tens column.
Step 2: Now move on to the ones.
4 ÷ 4 = 1
Place the 1 in the ones column where it belongs.
Now you have the answer:
84 ÷ 4 = 21
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