Maximum Marks: 80
Time: 3 Hours
General Instructions:
(i) The question paper consists of 34 questions divided into four sections: A, B, C, and D.
(ii) All questions are compulsory.
(iii) Section A: Questions 1 to 15 are multiple-choice questions, carrying 1 mark each. Select the most appropriate response.
(iv) Section B: Questions 16 to 22 are short-answer questions, carrying 2 marks each.
(v) Section C: Questions 23 to 31 are short-answer questions, carrying 4 marks each.
(vi) Section D: Questions 31 to 32 are short-answer questions, carrying 5 marks each.
(vii) Section E: Question 33 : Case Based Question, carrying 5 marks and Question 34 : Map Based Question, carrying 4 marks.
(viii) Write answers neatly and legibly.
Syllabus: Geographical Diversity of India, Understanding the Weather, Climates of India, New Beginnings: Cities and States, The Rise of Empires, The Age of Reorganisation, The Gupta Era: An Age of Tireless Creativity, How the Land Becomes Sacred, From the Rulers to the Ruled: Types of Governments, The Constitution of India: An Introduction, From Barter to Money, Understanding Markets.
Section A
Q1. What is an anemometer used for? (1 mark)
(a) Measure temperature
(b) Measure wind speed and direction
(c) Measure humidity
(d) Measure pressure
Q2. Which ancient city was a center for Jainism and Buddhism? (1 mark)
(a) Kanchipuram
(b) Vaishali
(c) Ujjain
(d) Pataliputra
Q3. Who was Kharavela? (1 mark)
(a) Gupta ruler
(b) Chedi king
(c) Satavahana queen
(d) Pallava poet
Q4. What was a common item exchanged in the barter system? (1 mark)
(a) Paper notes
(b) Grains
(c) Credit cards
(d) Digital tokens
Q5. Which Gupta figure explained solar eclipses? (1 mark)
(a) Kalidasa
(b) Aryabhata
(c) Harisena
(d) Prabhavati Gupta
Q6. Which region in India supports mangrove forests? (1 mark)
(a) Sundarbans
(b) Thar Desert
(c) Deccan Plateau
(d) Himalayas
Q7. Who chaired the Constituent Assembly? (1 mark)
(a) B.R. Ambedkar
(b) Rajendra Prasad
(c) Sachidananda Sinha
(d) Begum Aizaz Rasul
Q8. In a democracy, who makes the laws? (1 mark)
(a) The king
(b) Elected representatives
(c) The military
(d) Religious leaders
Q9. Which southern dynasty patronized Sangam literature? (1 mark)
(a) Guptas
(b) Cholas, Cheras, Pandya
(c) Vakatakas
(d) Kamarupa
Q10. Which geographical feature influences India's monsoon? (1 mark)
(a) Thar Desert
(b) Western Ghats
(c) Aravali Range
(d) Indo-Gangetic Plains
Q11. What is a glacial burst? (1 mark)
(a) Heavy rain overflow
(b) Glacier melt breaching lake barriers
(c) Forest fire spread
(d) Cyclone eye
Q12. Why was the barter system challenging for traders? (1 mark)
(a) It used heavy coins
(b) It lacked divisibility
(c) It was too fast
(d) It used digital payments
Q13. What is fraternity in the Preamble? (1 mark)
(a) Equality before law
(b) Brotherhood among citizens
(c) Freedom of speech
(d) Sovereign decisions
Q14. Which empire was known for its efficient tax collection system? (1 mark)
(a) Gupta Empire
(b) Maurya Empire
(c) Chola Empire
(d) Vijayanagara Empire
Q15. What certification ensures food safety? (1 mark)
(a) ISI
(b) FSSAI
(c) Agmark
(d) BIS
Section B
Q16. What is a barometer? (2 marks)
Q17. Name two ancient Indian ports and their role. (2 marks)
Q18. What was the Silk Route's role under the Kushanas? (2 marks)
Q19. Differentiate between a republic and a monarchy. (2 marks)
Q20. Name two DPSP examples. (2 marks)
Q21. Name two sacred mountains in India and their importance. (2 marks)
Q22. Explain wholesale markets. (2 marks)
Section C
Q23. Describe humidity measurement. (4 marks)
Q24. Describe the significance of Vaishali as a religious and political center. (4 marks)
Q25. Describe Chedi's contributions. (4 marks)
Q26. Discuss the limitations of an oligarchy compared to a democracy. (4 marks)
Q27. What is the Constitution as a living document? (4 marks)
Q28. Explain the role of the Silk Route in ancient Indian trade. (4 marks)
Q29. Describe microclimates with examples. (4 marks)
Q30. Discuss the contributions of Ashoka to Indian society. (4 marks)
Section D
Q31. Explain the rise of the Gupta Empire and its impact on Indian culture. (5 marks)
Q32. Discuss monsoon types in India. (5 marks)
Section E
Q33. Case-Based Question (5 Marks)
Read the following passage about contrasting forms of government and authority in India and answer the questions that follow:
A political commentator analyzed three nations based on their structure. Nation A holds elections regularly, where every adult citizen participates to choose their representatives who make laws (legislative function). The government is accountable to the people and ensures equality before the law. Nation B is ruled by a king who inherited his power through lineage. While his rule is hereditary, he is expected to rule according to rājadharma and is advised by a council. His duties are defined as rakṣha, pālana, and yogakṣhema (safeguarding the welfare of the people). Nation C is governed by a single, unelected leader who is not bound by a constitution. This leader exercises absolute power, suppressing the freedom of speech and expression of the people.
i. Based on the passage and the source, which specific term refers to the King's duty in Nation B to safeguard the welfare of the people?
ii. Nation C is a Dictatorship. List two distinct characteristics of a dictatorship that differentiate it from the principles of democracy (Nation A), referencing the source.
iii. Nation A follows a representative democracy. Explain the structural difference between the executive (e.g., Prime Minister and Council of Ministers) in a Parliamentary democracy (like India) and the executive (President) in a Presidential democracy (like the USA).
Q34. Map Based Question ( 4 Marks)
On the map, trace the Uttarapatha and Dakshinapatha trade routes. Identify two major cities along each route mentioned in the chapter or implied by its context. Explain how controlling these trade routes contributed to the economic strength of the Mauryan Empire.