Veena Bhargava Textbook Solutions: Manufacturing Industries in India - II : Mineral-based

Multiple Choice Questions 

This industry forms the backbone of the industrial economy

1. cotton textile
2. electronic industry
3. iron and steel industry
4. petrochemical industry

Ans: (c)

Explanation: The iron and steel industry supplies basic raw materials used by many other industries such as automobiles, railways, shipbuilding, machinery and defence. Because of its wide use across these sectors, it is considered the backbone of the industrial economy.

Steel pipes have been replaced by

1. synthetic rubber
2. plastic ware
3. PVC pipes
4. synthetic fibre

Ans: (c)

Explanation: PVC pipes are widely used today because they are light, corrosion-resistant, cheaper to produce and easier to install than steel pipes. These advantages have led to PVC replacing steel pipes in many domestic and agricultural applications.

This city is called Silicon Valley of India

1. Hyderabad
2. Mumbai
3. Pune
4. Bengaluru

Ans: (d)

Explanation: Bengaluru is known as the Silicon Valley of India because it is the leading centre for information technology and software services, hosting a large number of software companies, research institutions and technology parks.

Tata steel company

1. supports a fertilizer plant
2. produces locomotive parts
3. produces railway coaches
4. produces special steel for vehicles related to Indian space programme

Ans: (b)

Explanation: Tata Steel manufactures a variety of heavy engineering components, including locomotive parts. Its facilities and engineering capabilities enable production of such components for the railways and other industries.

This plant was set up in collaboration with the West German firm Krupps and Demag

1. Tata steel
2. Rourkela steel plant
3. Bhilai Iron and Steel plant
4. Visakhapatnam plant

Ans: (b)

Explanation: Rourkela Steel Plant was established with technical collaboration from the West German firms Krupps and Demag. This collaboration helped set up an integrated plant with modern steel-making technology at the time.

Bhilai Iron and Steel plant gets its iron ore from

1. Sundargarh and Keonjhar district
2. Noamundi mines of Singhbhum
3. Dalli-Rajhara range
4. Bailadila mines in Chhattisgarh

Ans: (c)

Explanation: Bhilai Steel Plant obtains its iron ore largely from the Dalli-Rajhara range, which lies relatively close to Bhilai. Proximity to these ore deposits reduces transport costs and supports the plant's raw material needs.

Rourkela steel plant gets its supply of fresh water from

1. river Subarnarekha
2. river Brahmani
3. river Mahanadi
4. Tendula canal

Ans: (b)

Explanation: Rourkela Steel Plant draws its fresh water supply from the river Brahmani. A reliable water source is essential for cooling and various industrial processes in steel plants.

This Iron and steel plant is most sophisticated and modern steel plant

1. Tata steel plant
2. Visakhapatnam steel plant
3. Bhilai steel plant

Ans: (b)

Explanation: The Visakhapatnam steel plant is noted for being highly modern and sophisticated, with up-to-date technology and integrated facilities, which distinguishes it from several older plants.

This steel plant is managed by Rashtriya Ispat Nigam

1. Rourkela steel plant
2. Tata steel plant
3. Bhilai steel plant
4. Visakhapatnam steel plant

Ans: (d)

Explanation: The Visakhapatnam steel plant is managed by Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL). RINL runs the integrated steel complex at Visakhapatnam.

Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is at

1. Pune
2. Mumbai
3. Hyderabad
4. Bengaluru

Ans: (d)

Explanation: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is headquartered in Bengaluru, which is home to major ISRO centres and research facilities involved in India's space programme.

 Answer the following questions 

What comprises the electronic goods?

Ans: The electronic goods comprise television sets, transistor sets, telephone exchanges, cellular telecom equipment, paging devices, computers and varied equipment used by the defence, railway and meteorological departments.

Name the leading software centers of India.

Ans: Bengaluru and Hyderabad are the leading software centres of India.

What does NRSA stand for? Where is this center?

Ans: NRSA stands for National Remote Sensing Agency. This centre is located at Hyderabad.

What are petrochemicals?

Ans: Petrochemicals are chemical substances obtained from petroleum or natural gas. They include products such as various grades of gasoline, kerosene and feedstocks used to make plastics and synthetic materials.

Name its main raw materials used in the petrochemical industry.

Ans: The main raw materials used in the petrochemical industry are petroleum (crude oil), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and coal.

Name the main products of the petrochemical industry.

Ans: The main products of the petrochemical industry include:

1. Plastics such as polythene, vinyl and PVC
2. Synthetic fibres such as nylon, dacron, tetron, terylene and acrilon
3. Synthetic rubber

How important are petrochemicals?

Ans: Petrochemicals are important because:

1. they are cost-effective
2. they provide economic stability to related industries
3. they become cheaper when produced on a large scale
4. their raw materials are readily available and are not dependent on agriculture

Name a few important petrochemical industries.

Ans: A few important petrochemical industries are:

1. Union Carbide India Ltd.
2. The Udex plant at Koyali Refinery (Gujarat)
3. The Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Ltd.
4. Petrofils Cooperative Ltd. (PCL)

Classify industries according to (a) the source of raw material (b) the size and (c) the management.

Ans:

(a) Classification of industries according to the source of raw material:

1. Agro-based industries
2. Mineral-based industries
3. Animal-based industries
4. Forestry-based industries

(b) Classification of industries according to the size:

1. Large scale
2. Medium scale
3. Small scale

(c) Classification of industries according to the management:

1. Private sector
2. Public sector
3. Joint sector
4. Cooperative sector

List some mineral-based industries.

Ans: Some mineral-based industries are:

1. Iron and steel industry
2. Petrochemical industry
3. Electronics industry

Name a few important factors that are responsible for the location of or development of, industries in a particular area.

Ans: A few important factors responsible for the location or development of industries in a particular area are:

1. Presence of raw material
2. Power supply
3. Water supply
4. Transport facilities
5. Nearness to market
6. Availability of labour
7. Climate

What is an integrated steel plant?

Ans: An integrated steel plant is one where all processes - from melting iron ore in the blast furnace to steel-making and shaping the metal by rolling - are carried out within one complex.

What are the raw materials needed for the iron and steel industry?

Ans: The raw materials needed for the iron and steel industry are iron ore, coking coal and limestone.

What are mini-steel plants? What are their advantages?

Ans: Mini-steel plants are units that manufacture steel using scrap iron in electric arc furnaces. They are decentralised secondary units.

The advantages of mini-steel plants are:

1. They use scrap iron which is readily available and comparatively cheap.
2. They require less capital investment.
3. They do not cause significant pollution compared with large integrated plants.
4. They can produce specialised steels.
5. They can be set up in various locations due to lower infrastructure needs.

Name the various steel plants that are located in India. Name their collaborators.

Ans: The steel plants located in India are:

1. Tata Steel Company - Private sector
2. Bhilai Steel Plant - Public sector; collaboration with Russia (USSR) for technical assistance
3. Rourkela Steel Plant - In collaboration with the West German firms Krupps and Demag
4. Vishakhapatnam Steel Project - modern public sector integrated plant

From where does Bhilai Steel Plant get its iron ore and limestone?

Ans: Bhilai Steel Plant gets its iron ore from the Dalli-Rajhara range. It obtains coal from Korba and Kargati fields of Chhattisgarh and from the Jharia and Bokaro coalfields.

Why is iron and steel industry called a key or a basic industry?

Ans: The iron and steel industry is called a key or basic industry because it supplies essential raw materials required by many other major industries such as automobiles, locomotives, rail tracks, shipbuilding, machinery, tools and defence equipment.

Why are forests grown in and around steel cities?

Ans: Forests are grown in and around steel cities because steel manufacturing produces air pollutants and dust. Trees act as barriers that trap dust and help clean the air, thereby reducing pollution and improving environmental quality around these cities.

Name two iron and steel industries, which have been set up by two different foreign collaborators. Also, name the regions from where coal and iron ore are obtained by the two steel plants named by you.

Ans:

1. Bhilai Iron and Steel Plant - Collaborated with Russia (USSR) for technical support. It sources iron ore from the Dalli-Rajhara range and coal from Korba and Kargati fields of Chhattisgarh, as well as from Jharia and Bokaro.
2. Rourkela Steel Plant - Established in collaboration with the West German firms Krupps and Demag. It obtains iron ore from Sundargarh and Keonjhar districts and coal from Jharia, Talcher and Korba coalfields.

With reference to the Iron and Steel plant located at Jamshedpur, answer the following questions:

1. From where does the plant get its iron ore?
2. Which river provides water to the township?
3. Name the states that provide its labour force.
4. Which seaport serves the region?

Ans:

1. It gets its iron ore from the Noamundi mines of Singhbhum and from Mayurbhanj in Orissa.
2. The river Subarnarekha provides water to the township.
3. The labour force is provided mainly by Jharkhand and Orissa.
4. The nearest major seaport serving the region is Kolkata.

Where is the latest integrated Iron and Steel Plant of India located?

Ans: The latest integrated Iron and Steel Plant of India is located at Visakhapatnam.

What two advantages do the Vishakhapatnam steel plant have over the other steel plants in the public sector?

Ans: Two advantages of the Visakhapatnam steel plant are:

1. It is the most modern and sophisticated steel plant among the public sector units.
2. Its location as a seaport makes it the first seashore-based steel plant in the country, offering easy access to sea transport for raw materials and exports.

Which is the largest mineral-based industry in India? Why is it called a key or basic industry?

Ans: The largest mineral-based industry in India is the iron and steel industry. It is called a key or basic industry because it provides fundamental raw materials used by many other important industries such as automobiles, railways, shipbuilding, machinery, tools and defence.

Why is this industry concentrated in the Chhotanagpur region? Which is the oldest and privately owned plant?

Ans: The iron and steel industry is concentrated in the Chhotanagpur region because:

1. The region has abundant deposits of iron ore, coking coal and limestone - the key raw materials for steel production.
2. It has a well-developed transport network (rail and road) that aids movement of raw materials and finished goods.
3. There is availability of relatively cheap labour in the region.

The oldest privately owned plant is the Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO), now known as Tata Steel.

Name four large-scale industries dependent on this industry.

Ans: Four large-scale industries dependent on the iron and steel industry are:

1. Automobile industry
2. Railways
3. Ship-building industry
4. Machinery and tool manufacturing

Give reason -

1. The iron and steel industry forms the backbone of the Indian economy.
2. Traditional raw materials have been replaced by petrochemical products.

Ans:

1. The iron and steel industry forms the backbone of the Indian economy because it supplies essential raw materials to many other industries such as automobiles, locomotives, rail tracks, shipbuilding, machinery, tools and defence equipment.
2. Traditional raw materials have been replaced by petrochemical products because petrochemicals are cost-effective, provide economic stability, become cheaper when produced at large scale and their raw materials are readily available and not dependent on agriculture.