D.N. Kundra Textbook Solutions Struggle for Freedom - I - History Class

History - Chapter 9

Class 8 - DN Kundra History & Civics Solutions

Objective Type Questions

Read the two statements given below about the Indian National Congress. Select the option that shows the correct relationship between (A) and (R).

Assertion (A): The Indian National Congress was formed by A.O. Hume.

Reason (R): W.C. Bonnerjee was the first President of the Indian National Congress.

1. (R) contradicts (A)
2. (R) is the reason for (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false
4. (A) and (R) are independent of each other

Answer

(A) and (R) are independent of each other

Explanation: Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant, played a crucial role in founding the Indian National Congress in 1885. The first session of the Congress took place in December 1885 in Bombay, and W.C. Bonnerjee served as the President of this inaugural session.

Identify the policies of Lord Lytton.

P: Removal of import duties on British goods

Q: Holding a Grand Imperial Durbar in Delhi

R: Formation of British Indian Association

S: Partition of Bengal

1. P and Q
2. R and S
3. P and R
4. Q and S

Answer

P and Q

Vaishali is preparing a project on 'rise of Radicals'. Which of the following leaders would MOST LIKELY be part of her project?

1. Lala Lajpat Rai
2. Bipan Chandra Pal
3. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
4. All of these

Answer

All of these

Which of the following aspects is being depicted by the given advertisement?

1. Promoting machine made Goods
2. Forcing to buy Swadeshi Goods
3. Discouraging Swadeshi Goods
4. Promoting Swadeshi Goods

Answer

Promoting Swadeshi Goods

Identify the ODD ONE out of the following major political associations.

1. Allahabad Native Association
2. British Indian Association
3. Bombay Association
4. Madras Native Association

Answer

Allahabad Native Association

Consider the statements given below and choose the correct answer.

Statement I: The first 20 years of the Congress from 1885 to 1905 are mentioned as the Early Nationalists Phase or the Moderate Phase.

Statement II: The leaders followed a mild and moderate policy of 'prayer and petition'.

1. Statement (I) is correct and statement (II) is incorrect.
2. Statement (I) is incorrect and statement (II) is correct.
3. Both statements (I) and (II) are incorrect.
4. Both statements (I) and (II) are correct.

Answer

Both statements (I) and (II) are correct.

Which among the following statements is incorrect?

1. In 1908 the British annulled the partition of Bengal.
2. The Anti-Bengal Partition Movement was initiated on 7 August 1905.
3. Lord Curzon was associated with the Partition of Bengal.
4. During the Swadeshi and Boycott movement huge bonfires of foreign goods were lit in public places.

Answer

In 1908 the British annulled the partition of Bengal.

The first session of the Congress was held in December 1885 in

1. Delhi
2. Bombay
3. Madras
4. Calcutta

Answer

Bombay

Arrange the following in chronological order:

(i) Vernacular Press Act was passed

(ii) Partition of Bengal was announced

(iii) Leaders of Congress were divided at the Surat session of congress

1. (ii), (iii), (i)
2. (i), (ii), (iii)
3. (iii), (i), (ii)
4. (iii), (ii), (i)

Answer

(i), (ii), (iii)

Who raised the famous slogan "Swaraj is my birthright and I must have it"?

1. Dadabhai Naoroji
2. Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Answer

Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Fill in the blanksQuestion II

Fill in the blanks.

1. The British shaken the ............... economy.
2. The Arms Act forbade the Indians from ............... .
3. The President of the first session of the Congress was ............... .
4. The three prominent leaders of the Radical Nationalists group were ..............., ............... and ............... .

Answer

1. Indian
2. possessing arms
3. W.C. Bonnerjee
4. Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Lala Lajpat Rai, Bipin Chandra Pal

Match the followingQuestion III

Match Column A with Column B.

Answer

True or False

State whether the following statements are True or False.

1. The Congress was started in 1885.
2. Unification of India as one political unit was achieved by the Indians themselves.
3. The British treated the Indians at par with themselves.
4. A prominent leader of the Early Nationalist groups was S. N. Bannerjea.

Answer

1. Ans: True

   Explanation: The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 and held its first session in December of that year.

2. Ans: False

   Explanation: Unification of India as a single political unit was achieved mainly through British conquest and administration, not by Indians themselves.

3. Ans: False

   Explanation: The British did not treat Indians on an equal basis; racial discrimination and unequal laws were common.

4. Ans: True

   Explanation: S. N. Banerjea (Surendranath Banerjea) was a prominent leader of the Early Nationalists and played an important role in Indian public life.

Answer the following questions briefly

How did unification of India help to bring about a feeling of nationalism among the Indians?

Answer

• British rule introduced common systems of administration, railways and communication, which linked different regions and people together and made it easier for ideas to spread.
• Modern education and the spread of the English language created a group of educated Indians who began to think about national issues and common rights.
• The press and literature permitted discussion and criticism of British policies, helping people in different provinces to identify common grievances.
• The formation of all-India organisations such as the Indian National Congress gave Indians a platform to come together and raise common demands, strengthening a sense of nationhood.

How did modern education bring about unity among Indians?

Answer

• Modern education exposed Indians to ideas of liberty, equality and democracy from Western political thought, which inspired them to demand political rights.
• Schools and colleges brought students from different regions together, creating contacts and friendships across linguistic and regional lines.
• Educated leaders used newspapers, books and public meetings to spread national ideas and encourage people to work together for common goals.

Name two early All-India associations.

Answer

Two early All-India associations are:

• British Indian Association (1851)
• Bombay Association (1852)

Differentiate between the methods of Early Nationalists and Radical Nationalists.

Answer

What was the anti-partition movement?

Answer

The Anti-Partition Movement began on 7 August 1905 in response to the British decision to partition Bengal. It involved mass demonstrations, meetings (notably at the Town Hall in Calcutta), and the promotion of Swadeshi and boycott measures. The movement encouraged people to support Indian trade and industry, refuse foreign goods and participate in organised protest to oppose the division of the province.

Picture Study

This picture shows three Radical Nationalist leaders.

1. Identify and name them.

2. Write about the methods that they suggested.

Answer

1. The picture shows the three Radical Nationalist leaders: Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Lala Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra Pal.

2. The methods they suggested included:

• Encouraging mass participation in politics and popular agitation.
• Reviving festivals and public meetings to mobilise public opinion and create political awareness.
• Organising boycotts of foreign goods and promoting Swadeshi goods to support Indian industry.
• Using hartals and strikes as forms of protest and preparing people for sacrifices for national freedom.

Social-Religious Reforms Movement

Struggle for Freedom (II)

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