SSAT Analogy Worksheet 4

The following questions ask you to find relationships between words. For each question, select the answer choice that best completes the meaning of the sentence.

The correct answer is C. A kitten is a young cat, just as a calf is a young cow. This question asks you to find a pair of words that have the same relationship to each other as kitten and cat have.

1. Chisel is to sculptor as

1. paint is to canvas.
2. scalpel is to surgeon.
3. camera is to photograph.
4. stage is to actor.
5. clay is to pottery.

2. Parched is to moisture as

1. famished is to food.
2. frozen is to ice.
3. drenched is to water.
4. tired is to sleep.
5. heated is to warmth.

3. Botanist is to plants as

1. doctor is to hospital.
2. entomologist is to insects.
3. laboratory is to scientist.
4. teacher is to students.
5. microscope is to bacteria.

4. Meticulous is to careless as

1. generous is to giving.
2. cautious is to reckless.
3. happy is to sad.
4. intelligent is to smart.
5. loud is to noisy.

5. Wheel is to bicycle as

1. pedal is to brake.
2. sail is to boat.
3. engine is to mechanic.
4. tire is to car.
5. road is to vehicle.

6. Procrastinate is to delay as

1. accelerate is to speed.
2. hesitate is to decide.
3. sleep is to rest.
4. wander is to roam.
5. argue is to fight.

7. Composer is to symphony as

1. conductor is to orchestra.
2. playwright is to drama.
3. actor is to stage.
4. musician is to instrument.
5. audience is to theater.

8. Drought is to famine as

1. rain is to flood.
2. storm is to wind.
3. cloud is to sky.
4. desert is to sand.
5. winter is to cold.

9. Novice is to expert as

1. student is to teacher.
2. amateur is to professional.
3. child is to parent.
4. apprentice is to worker.
5. beginner is to learner.

10. Archipelago is to islands as

1. mountain is to peak.
2. constellation is to stars.
3. ocean is to water.
4. desert is to sand.
5. forest is to tree.

11. Whisper is to shout as

1. talk is to speak.
2. trickle is to gush.
3. quiet is to silence.
4. loud is to noisy.
5. mumble is to whisper.

12. Palette is to painter as

1. easel is to canvas.
2. podium is to speaker.
3. brush is to art.
4. studio is to artist.
5. frame is to picture.

13. Vindicate is to blame as

1. prosecute is to defend.
2. exonerate is to guilt.
3. accuse is to charge.
4. pardon is to forgive.
5. judge is to jury.

14. Tadpole is to frog as

1. caterpillar is to butterfly.
2. egg is to chicken.
3. puppy is to dog.
4. fish is to water.
5. bird is to nest.

15. Thermometer is to temperature as

1. scale is to weight.
2. clock is to time.
3. ruler is to inch.
4. speedometer is to car.
5. barometer is to instrument.

16. Prologue is to epilogue as

1. preface is to appendix.
2. chapter is to book.
3. beginning is to middle.
4. introduction is to conclusion.
5. title is to author.

17. Lethargic is to energy as

1. wealthy is to money.
2. ignorant is to knowledge.
3. tired is to fatigue.
4. sick is to health.
5. lazy is to work.

18. Herbivore is to plants as

1. carnivore is to meat.
2. vegetarian is to vegetables.
3. predator is to prey.
4. omnivore is to animals.
5. grazer is to grass.

19. Audacious is to timid as

1. brave is to courageous.
2. bold is to fearless.
3. verbose is to concise.
4. reckless is to careful.
5. daring is to adventurous.

20. Quill is to porcupine as

1. fur is to bear.
2. feather is to bird.
3. scale is to fish.
4. shell is to turtle.
5. horn is to rhinoceros.

21. Magnify is to enlarge as

1. reduce is to shrink.
2. expand is to grow.
3. amplify is to increase.
4. telescope is to view.
5. microscope is to examine.

22. Legislature is to laws as

1. judiciary is to verdicts.
2. government is to country.
3. senate is to senators.
4. court is to justice.
5. vote is to election.

23. Parsimonious is to generosity as

1. frugal is to thrift.
2. stingy is to wealth.
3. apathetic is to enthusiasm.
4. greedy is to money.
5. cheap is to expensive.

24. Hammer is to nail as

1. screwdriver is to screw.
2. saw is to wood.
3. wrench is to mechanic.
4. drill is to hole.
5. pliers is to grip.

25. Nocturnal is to night as

1. diurnal is to day.
2. lunar is to moon.
3. solar is to sun.
4. twilight is to dusk.
5. dark is to light.

26. Obstinate is to yield as

1. stubborn is to persist.
2. flexible is to bend.
3. rigid is to adapt.
4. determined is to succeed.
5. resolute is to waver.

27. Apiary is to bees as

1. aquarium is to fish.
2. hive is to honey.
3. farm is to farmer.
4. zoo is to animals.
5. barn is to hay.

28. Condense is to abridge as

1. expand is to enlarge.
2. shorten is to lengthen.
3. summarize is to explain.
4. compress is to squeeze.
5. reduce is to minimize.

29. Cacophony is to harmony as

1. noise is to sound.
2. chaos is to order.
3. discord is to music.
4. silence is to quiet.
5. melody is to song.

30. Cartographer is to map as

1. navigator is to ship.
2. architect is to blueprint.
3. explorer is to territory.
4. geographer is to geography.
5. surveyor is to land.

Answer Key

1. Ans: (B) - scalpel is to surgeon
Explanation: This is a tool/user relationship. A chisel is a tool used by a sculptor, just as a scalpel is a tool used by a surgeon. (A) is wrong because paint is used on a canvas, not by it. (C) is wrong because a camera produces a photograph, not the other way around.

2. Ans: (A) - famished is to food
Explanation: This is a lack of quality relationship. Parched means lacking moisture, just as famished means lacking food. (B) is wrong because frozen contains ice, not lacks it. (C) is wrong because drenched means having excess water, the opposite of lacking it.

3. Ans: (B) - entomologist is to insects
Explanation: This is a specialist/subject of study relationship. A botanist studies plants, just as an entomologist studies insects. (A) is wrong because a doctor works in a hospital but doesn't study hospitals. (D) is wrong because a teacher instructs students rather than studying them as a scientific subject.

4. Ans: (B) - cautious is to reckless
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Meticulous (extremely careful and precise) is the opposite of careless, just as cautious is the opposite of reckless. (A) is wrong because generous and giving are synonyms. (D) is wrong because intelligent and smart are also synonyms.

5. Ans: (B) - sail is to boat
Explanation: This is a part/whole relationship. A wheel is a functional part of a bicycle, just as a sail is a functional part of a boat. (A) is wrong because a pedal and brake are both parts of a bicycle, not a part-to-whole relationship. (E) is wrong because a road is not part of a vehicle.

6. Ans: (D) - wander is to roam
Explanation: This is a synonym relationship. To procrastinate means to delay, just as to wander means to roam. (A) is wrong because accelerate means to increase speed, not the same as speed itself. (B) is wrong because hesitate and decide are not synonyms; hesitating prevents deciding.

7. Ans: (B) - playwright is to drama
Explanation: This is a creator/creation relationship. A composer creates a symphony, just as a playwright creates a drama. (A) is wrong because a conductor performs a symphony but doesn't create it. (D) is wrong because a musician plays an instrument, not creates it.

8. Ans: (A) - rain is to flood
Explanation: This is a cause/effect relationship. A drought (lack of rain) can cause a famine, just as excessive rain can cause a flood. (B) is wrong because wind is part of a storm, not an effect of it. (C) is wrong because clouds exist in the sky but aren't caused by it.

9. Ans: (B) - amateur is to professional
Explanation: This is an antonym/degree of experience relationship. A novice is the opposite of an expert in terms of experience level, just as an amateur is the opposite of a professional. (A) is wrong because while a student has less knowledge than a teacher, the relationship isn't as precisely opposite. (E) is wrong because beginner and learner are synonyms, not antonyms.

10. Ans: (B) - constellation is to stars
Explanation: This is a collective/member relationship. An archipelago is a group of islands, just as a constellation is a group of stars. (A) is wrong because a mountain contains one peak, not many. (E) is wrong because the singular "tree" doesn't match the plural collective nature of the relationship.

11. Ans: (B) - trickle is to gush
Explanation: This is a degree of intensity relationship. A whisper is a quiet sound while a shout is a loud sound; similarly, trickle is a small flow while gush is a large flow. (A) is wrong because talk and speak are synonyms. (C) is wrong because quiet and silence are similar in meaning, not opposite in intensity.

12. Ans: (B) - podium is to speaker
Explanation: This is a tool/user relationship. A palette is a tool used by a painter, just as a podium is a platform used by a speaker. (A) is wrong because an easel holds a canvas; they're both tools, not a tool-user pair. (D) is wrong because a studio is a workplace, not a tool.

13. Ans: (B) - exonerate is to guilt
Explanation: This is an action that removes something relationship. To vindicate means to clear someone of blame, just as to exonerate means to clear someone of guilt. (A) is wrong because prosecute adds accusation rather than removing it. (D) is wrong because pardon and forgive are synonyms, but they don't have the same relationship structure as the original pair.

14. Ans: (A) - caterpillar is to butterfly
Explanation: This is a larval stage/adult stage relationship (metamorphosis). A tadpole transforms into a frog, just as a caterpillar transforms into a butterfly. (C) is wrong because a puppy is simply a young dog, not a different life form. (B) is wrong because an egg is not itself a living creature in the same way a tadpole is.

15. Ans: (A) - scale is to weight
Explanation: This is an instrument/what it measures relationship. A thermometer measures temperature, just as a scale measures weight. (B) is also a correct relationship type but the question asks for the BEST answer, and (A) matches more precisely with a measuring instrument. (C) is wrong because a ruler is an instrument but "inch" is a unit, not the thing being measured.

16. Ans: (A) - preface is to appendix
Explanation: This is a beginning/ending relationship in a book's structure. A prologue comes at the beginning and an epilogue at the end, just as a preface comes at the beginning and an appendix at the end. (C) is wrong because beginning and middle don't represent the two endpoints. (D) is close but less precisely structural than the book-specific terms in (A).

17. Ans: (B) - ignorant is to knowledge
Explanation: This is a lack of quality relationship. Lethargic means lacking energy, just as ignorant means lacking knowledge. (A) is wrong because wealthy means having money, not lacking it. (C) is wrong because tired is a result of fatigue, not a lack of it.

18. Ans: (A) - carnivore is to meat
Explanation: This is an organism/food source relationship. A herbivore eats plants, just as a carnivore eats meat. (C) is wrong because while predators do eat prey, the relationship is less specific about diet type. (D) is wrong because omnivores eat both plants and animals, not just animals.

19. Ans: (C) - verbose is to concise
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Audacious (bold, daring) is the opposite of timid, just as verbose (wordy) is the opposite of concise (brief). (A) and (B) are wrong because they present synonyms. (D) is also an antonym pair but (C) is the better match for the sophistication level of "audacious."

20. Ans: (A) - fur is to bear
Explanation: This is a body covering/animal relationship. A quill is the characteristic body covering of a porcupine, just as fur is the characteristic body covering of a bear. (B), (C), and (D) are all valid body covering relationships, but (A) represents the most parallel relationship, as both quill and fur are hair-based coverings.

21. Ans: (C) - amplify is to increase
Explanation: This is a synonym relationship. To magnify means to enlarge, just as to amplify means to increase. (A) presents antonyms rather than synonyms. (B) is close but "grow" is less precise a synonym for "expand" than "increase" is for "amplify."

22. Ans: (A) - judiciary is to verdicts
Explanation: This is a governing body/output relationship. A legislature creates laws, just as the judiciary creates verdicts. (B) is wrong because a government governs a country but doesn't produce it. (C) is wrong because senators are members of the senate, not its product.

23. Ans: (C) - apathetic is to enthusiasm
Explanation: This is a lack of quality relationship. Parsimonious (stingy) means lacking generosity, just as apathetic means lacking enthusiasm. (A) is wrong because frugal describes someone who has thrift, not lacks it. (D) is wrong because greedy describes desire for money, not lack of it.

24. Ans: (A) - screwdriver is to screw
Explanation: This is a tool/object it acts upon relationship. A hammer is used to drive a nail, just as a screwdriver is used to drive a screw. (B) is wrong because a saw cuts wood into pieces, a different type of action. (D) is wrong because a drill creates a hole rather than acting upon an existing object.

25. Ans: (A) - diurnal is to day
Explanation: This is a characteristic/time period relationship. Nocturnal means active during the night, just as diurnal means active during the day. (B) and (C) are wrong because lunar and solar refer to celestial bodies, not activity patterns. (E) is wrong because dark and light are opposites, not the characteristic/time relationship.

26. Ans: (C) - rigid is to adapt
Explanation: This is a characteristic that prevents an action relationship. Being obstinate (stubborn) prevents one from yielding, just as being rigid prevents one from adapting. (A) is wrong because stubborn people do persist; they don't fail to persist. (E) is also correct but (C) is a stronger parallel because both "obstinate" and "rigid" describe inflexibility.

27. Ans: (A) - aquarium is to fish
Explanation: This is a specific habitat/inhabitant relationship. An apiary is a place where bees are kept, just as an aquarium is a place where fish are kept. (D) is close but less specific-a zoo houses many types of animals, not a specific type. (B) is wrong because a hive is where bees live naturally, while an apiary is where humans keep bees.

28. Ans: (A) - expand is to enlarge
Explanation: This is a synonym relationship. To condense means to abridge (shorten), just as to expand means to enlarge. (D) is close but compress and squeeze are more physical actions, while condense and abridge are more often used for text or information. (E) is also synonyms but doesn't match the precision of the original pair.

29. Ans: (B) - chaos is to order
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Cacophony (harsh, discordant noise) is the opposite of harmony, just as chaos is the opposite of order. (A) is wrong because noise and sound are similar, not opposite. (C) is wrong because discord is similar to cacophony, not the opposite.

30. Ans: (B) - architect is to blueprint
Explanation: This is a professional/work product relationship. A cartographer creates a map, just as an architect creates a blueprint. (A) is wrong because a navigator uses a ship but doesn't create it. (E) is wrong because a surveyor measures land but doesn't create it as a product.