SSAT Analogy Worksheet 5

The following questions ask you to find relationships between words. For each question, select the answer choice that best completes the meaning of the sentence.

The correct answer is (B). A kitten is a young cat just as a puppy is a young dog.

1. Scalpel is to surgeon as

1. wrench is to mechanic.
2. kitchen is to chef.
3. patient is to nurse.
4. hospital is to doctor.
5. medicine is to pharmacist.

2. Tactful is to offense as

1. generous is to gift.
2. careful is to mistake.
3. talented is to skill.
4. reckless is to accident.
5. polite is to courtesy.

3. Elated is to pleased as

1. angry is to calm.
2. furious is to annoyed.
3. happy is to cheerful.
4. sad is to depressed.
5. nervous is to anxious.

4. Conductor is to symphony as

1. actor is to stage.
2. teacher is to student.
3. director is to film.
4. musician is to instrument.
5. painter is to gallery.

5. Chapter is to book as

1. word is to letter.
2. page is to paragraph.
3. scene is to play.
4. author is to novel.
5. library is to shelf.

6. Drought is to famine as

1. rain is to flood.
2. heat is to summer.
3. storm is to cloud.
4. snow is to winter.
5. wind is to breeze.

7. Meticulous is to careless as

1. cautious is to careful.
2. bold is to timid.
3. angry is to furious.
4. happy is to joyful.
5. worried is to concerned.

8. Sculptor is to statue as

1. painter is to brush.
2. composer is to symphony.
3. museum is to art.
4. chisel is to marble.
5. audience is to performance.

9. Thermometer is to temperature as

1. clock is to time.
2. ruler is to wood.
3. scale is to weight.
4. compass is to direction.
5. barometer is to pressure.

10. Trivial is to important as

1. small is to tiny.
2. superficial is to profound.
3. simple is to easy.
4. difficult is to hard.
5. serious is to grave.

11. Hive is to bee as

1. honey is to flower.
2. nest is to bird.
3. cage is to zoo.
4. web is to fly.
5. farm is to barn.

12. Transparent is to opacity as

1. clear is to glass.
2. visible is to sight.
3. silent is to noise.
4. dark is to shadow.
5. bright is to light.

13. Tadpole is to frog as

1. caterpillar is to butterfly.
2. egg is to chicken.
3. snake is to reptile.
4. fish is to water.
5. insect is to larva.

14. Expand is to contract as

1. grow is to increase.
2. enlarge is to magnify.
3. ascend is to descend.
4. rise is to elevate.
5. stretch is to extend.

15. Journalist is to article as

1. lawyer is to courtroom.
2. novelist is to novel.
3. editor is to newspaper.
4. reader is to magazine.
5. reporter is to interview.

16. Petal is to flower as

1. leaf is to tree.
2. root is to soil.
3. stem is to thorn.
4. garden is to plant.
5. seed is to fruit.

17. Cacophony is to harmonious as

1. noise is to loud.
2. chaos is to orderly.
3. music is to melody.
4. sound is to quiet.
5. discord is to jarring.

18. Ignition is to combustion as

1. match is to fire.
2. spark is to flame.
3. infection is to illness.
4. fuel is to engine.
5. heat is to temperature.

19. Lethargic is to energetic as

1. tired is to sleepy.
2. sluggish is to slow.
3. vibrant is to lively.
4. apathetic is to enthusiastic.
5. lazy is to inactive.

20. Archipelago is to island as

1. mountain is to peak.
2. constellation is to star.
3. ocean is to water.
4. peninsula is to land.
5. continent is to country.

21. Chisel is to sculptor as

1. canvas is to painter.
2. scalpel is to surgeon.
3. stage is to actor.
4. courtroom is to judge.
5. classroom is to teacher.

22. Vindicate is to blame as

1. accuse is to charge.
2. defend is to protect.
3. exonerate is to guilt.
4. prove is to evidence.
5. convict is to jury.

23. Cygnet is to swan as

1. duckling is to duck.
2. bird is to nest.
3. feather is to wing.
4. goose is to flock.
5. pond is to lake.

24. Abundant is to scarce as

1. plentiful is to ample.
2. rare is to uncommon.
3. copious is to meager.
4. sufficient is to enough.
5. numerous is to many.

25. Architect is to blueprint as

1. builder is to construction.
2. engineer is to bridge.
3. cartographer is to map.
4. artist is to museum.
5. designer is to fashion.

26. Kernel is to corn as

1. pit is to peach.
2. shell is to nut.
3. husk is to wheat.
4. seed is to plant.
5. fruit is to tree.

27. Erudite is to knowledge as

1. wealthy is to money.
2. intelligent is to brain.
3. studious is to library.
4. learned is to school.
5. wise is to age.

28. Precipitation is to rainfall as

1. temperature is to heat.
2. weather is to climate.
3. evaporation is to condensation.
4. mammal is to whale.
5. cloud is to sky.

29. Acrid is to pleasant as

1. bitter is to sweet.
2. sour is to acidic.
3. pungent is to sharp.
4. fragrant is to aromatic.
5. spicy is to hot.

30. Quarantine is to contagion as

1. hospital is to patient.
2. medicine is to disease.
3. vaccination is to immunity.
4. dam is to flood.
5. doctor is to illness.

Answer Key

1. Ans: (A) - wrench is to mechanic
Explanation: This is a tool/user relationship. A scalpel is a tool used by a surgeon, just as a wrench is a tool used by a mechanic. Choice (B) is wrong because a kitchen is a place, not a tool. Choice (C) is wrong because a patient is the object of care, not a tool.

2. Ans: (B) - careful is to mistake
Explanation: This is a lack of a quality relationship. Someone who is tactful avoids giving offense, just as someone who is careful avoids making mistakes. Choice (A) is wrong because being generous involves giving gifts, not avoiding them. Choice (D) is wrong because being reckless causes accidents, not prevents them.

3. Ans: (B) - furious is to annoyed
Explanation: This is a degree of intensity relationship. Elated is a more intense version of pleased, just as furious is a more intense version of annoyed. Choice (C) is wrong because happy and cheerful are synonyms of similar intensity. Choice (E) is wrong because nervous and anxious are also synonyms of similar intensity.

4. Ans: (C) - director is to film
Explanation: This is a specialist/work product relationship. A conductor leads and shapes a symphony, just as a director leads and shapes a film. Choice (A) is wrong because a stage is a place, not a product. Choice (B) is wrong because a student is the object of teaching, not the work product.

5. Ans: (C) - scene is to play
Explanation: This is a part/whole relationship. A chapter is a division of a book, just as a scene is a division of a play. Choice (A) is wrong because it reverses the relationship (a letter is part of a word). Choice (B) is wrong because it also reverses the relationship (a paragraph is part of a page).

6. Ans: (A) - rain is to flood
Explanation: This is a cause/effect relationship. A drought can cause a famine, just as heavy rain can cause a flood. Choice (B) is wrong because heat doesn't cause summer; it's a characteristic of it. Choice (C) is wrong because a storm doesn't necessarily cause clouds; clouds are part of storms.

7. Ans: (B) - bold is to timid
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Meticulous (extremely careful and precise) is the opposite of careless, just as bold is the opposite of timid. Choice (A) is wrong because cautious and careful are synonyms. Choice (C) is wrong because angry and furious are degrees of the same quality, not opposites.

8. Ans: (B) - composer is to symphony
Explanation: This is a producer/product relationship. A sculptor creates a statue, just as a composer creates a symphony. Choice (A) is wrong because a brush is a tool, not a product. Choice (D) is wrong because a chisel is a tool and marble is the material, not the relationship of creator to creation.

9. Ans: (A) - clock is to time
Explanation: This is an official measure/what it measures relationship. A thermometer measures temperature, just as a clock measures time. Choices (C), (D), and (E) all show correct measurement relationships, but (A) is the best parallel in terms of how commonly and universally the instrument is used to measure that specific quality.

10. Ans: (B) - superficial is to profound
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Trivial (of little importance) is the opposite of important, just as superficial (shallow, lacking depth) is the opposite of profound (deep, thoughtful). Choice (A) is wrong because small and tiny are synonyms. Choice (E) is wrong because serious and grave are synonyms.

11. Ans: (B) - nest is to bird
Explanation: This is a home/inhabitant relationship. A hive is the home of a bee, just as a nest is the home of a bird. Choice (A) is wrong because honey is a product, not a home. Choice (C) is wrong because the relationship is reversed (a cage contains animals but isn't specifically for zoos).

12. Ans: (C) - silent is to noise
Explanation: This is a lack of a quality relationship. Something transparent lacks opacity (the quality of blocking light), just as something silent lacks noise. Choice (B) is wrong because visible things do have the quality of sight, not lack it. Choice (E) is wrong because bright things have light, not lack it.

13. Ans: (A) - caterpillar is to butterfly
Explanation: This is a young form/adult form relationship (specifically metamorphosis). A tadpole develops into a frog, just as a caterpillar develops into a butterfly. Choice (B) is wrong because an egg is not a living, mobile form like a tadpole. Choice (C) is wrong because it shows a member/category relationship, not a development relationship.

14. Ans: (C) - ascend is to descend
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Expand (to become larger) is the opposite of contract (to become smaller), just as ascend (to go up) is the opposite of descend (to go down). Choice (A) is wrong because grow and increase are synonyms. Choice (E) is wrong because stretch and extend are synonyms.

15. Ans: (B) - novelist is to novel
Explanation: This is a specialist/work product relationship. A journalist writes an article, just as a novelist writes a novel. Choice (A) is wrong because a courtroom is a place, not a product. Choice (C) is wrong because an editor edits rather than creates a newspaper.

16. Ans: (A) - leaf is to tree
Explanation: This is a part/whole relationship. A petal is a part of a flower, just as a leaf is a part of a tree. Choice (B) is wrong because soil is not part of the plant itself. Choice (D) is wrong because it reverses the relationship (a flower is a type of plant).

17. Ans: (B) - chaos is to orderly
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Cacophony (harsh, discordant noise) is the opposite of harmonious, just as chaos is the opposite of orderly. Choice (A) is wrong because noise is not necessarily the opposite of loud. Choice (E) is wrong because discord and jarring are similar in meaning, not opposites.

18. Ans: (C) - infection is to illness
Explanation: This is a cause/effect relationship. Ignition (the act of setting something on fire) causes combustion (burning), just as infection causes illness. Choice (A) is wrong because it shows a tool/result relationship rather than a process/result. Choice (D) is wrong because fuel enables an engine but doesn't cause it.

19. Ans: (D) - apathetic is to enthusiastic
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Lethargic (sluggish, lacking energy) is the opposite of energetic, just as apathetic (lacking interest or concern) is the opposite of enthusiastic. Choice (A) is wrong because tired and sleepy are synonyms. Choice (B) is wrong because sluggish and slow are synonyms.

20. Ans: (B) - constellation is to star
Explanation: This is a collective group/member relationship. An archipelago is a group of islands, just as a constellation is a group of stars. Choice (A) is wrong because it shows a whole/part relationship (a peak is part of a mountain). Choice (E) is wrong because while continents contain countries, the relationship is not as precisely parallel.

21. Ans: (B) - scalpel is to surgeon
Explanation: This is a tool/user relationship. A chisel is a tool used by a sculptor, just as a scalpel is a tool used by a surgeon. Choice (A) is wrong because a canvas is a work surface, not a tool. Choice (C) is wrong because a stage is a place, not a tool.

22. Ans: (C) - exonerate is to guilt
Explanation: This is a removal of a negative quality relationship. To vindicate someone is to clear them of blame, just as to exonerate someone is to clear them of guilt. Choice (A) is wrong because accuse and charge both add blame rather than remove it. Choice (B) is wrong because defend means to protect, not necessarily to clear of wrongdoing.

23. Ans: (A) - duckling is to duck
Explanation: This is a young animal/adult animal relationship. A cygnet is a young swan, just as a duckling is a young duck. Choice (B) is wrong because it shows an inhabitant/home relationship. Choice (D) is wrong because it shows an individual/group relationship.

24. Ans: (C) - copious is to meager
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Abundant (existing in large quantities) is the opposite of scarce (in short supply), just as copious (plentiful) is the opposite of meager (lacking in quantity). Choice (A) is wrong because plentiful and ample are synonyms. Choice (B) is wrong because rare and uncommon are synonyms.

25. Ans: (C) - cartographer is to map
Explanation: This is a specialist/work product relationship. An architect creates a blueprint, just as a cartographer creates a map. Choice (A) is wrong because construction is the process, not the product. Choice (B) is wrong because while an engineer may design a bridge, this is less precisely parallel than cartographer to map.

26. Ans: (A) - pit is to peach
Explanation: This is a seed/fruit relationship. A kernel is the seed part of corn, just as a pit is the seed part of a peach. Choice (B) is wrong because a shell is the outer covering, not the seed. Choice (D) is wrong because it's too general and reverses the specific/general relationship.

27. Ans: (A) - wealthy is to money
Explanation: This is a characteristic/what one has in abundance relationship. Someone erudite (learned, scholarly) has an abundance of knowledge, just as someone wealthy has an abundance of money. Choice (B) is wrong because having a brain is universal, not an abundance. Choice (C) is wrong because studious describes behavior, not possession.

28. Ans: (D) - mammal is to whale
Explanation: This is a category/member relationship. Precipitation is the general category that includes rainfall as a specific type, just as mammal is the general category that includes whale as a specific type. Choice (A) is wrong because heat is one aspect of temperature, not a type of it. Choice (B) is wrong because weather and climate are related but different concepts, not category and member.

29. Ans: (A) - bitter is to sweet
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Acrid (having a harsh, unpleasant taste or smell) is the opposite of pleasant, just as bitter is the opposite of sweet. Choice (B) is wrong because sour and acidic are synonyms. Choice (D) is wrong because fragrant and aromatic are synonyms.

30. Ans: (D) - dam is to flood
Explanation: This is a preventive measure/what it prevents relationship. Quarantine prevents the spread of contagion (infectious disease), just as a dam prevents or controls flooding. Choice (B) is wrong because medicine treats disease rather than prevents its spread. Choice (C) is wrong because vaccination creates immunity rather than preventing spread through isolation.