SSAT Analogy Worksheet 18

The following questions ask you to find relationships between words. For each question, select the answer choice that best completes the meaning of the sentence.

1. Scalpel is to surgeon as

1. chisel is to sculptor
2. patient is to hospital
3. brush is to painting
4. hammer is to nail
5. medicine is to pharmacist

2. Arid is to moisture as

1. humid is to climate
2. barren is to fertility
3. dry is to desert
4. wet is to rain
5. cold is to temperature

3. Composer is to symphony as

1. conductor is to orchestra
2. playwright is to drama
3. musician is to instrument
4. painter is to gallery
5. author is to library

4. Triumphant is to victorious as

1. defeated is to champion
2. jubilant is to joyful
3. competitive is to game
4. winning is to losing
5. athlete is to trophy

5. Lens is to camera as

1. film is to projector
2. rudder is to ship
3. photograph is to album
4. shutter is to window
5. picture is to frame

6. Famine is to starvation as

1. drought is to dehydration
2. hunger is to food
3. feast is to celebration
4. poverty is to wealth
5. scarcity is to abundance

7. Transparent is to opaque as

1. clear is to glass
2. visible is to invisible
3. solid is to liquid
4. bright is to light
5. translucent is to window

8. Archipelago is to island as

1. peninsula is to ocean
2. constellation is to star
3. mountain is to peak
4. continent is to country
5. forest is to tree

9. Negligent is to care as

1. reckless is to caution
2. diligent is to work
3. careless is to accident
4. attentive is to student
5. responsible is to duty

10. Tadpole is to frog as

1. caterpillar is to butterfly
2. fish is to water
3. egg is to chicken
4. larva is to insect
5. amphibian is to reptile

11. Quarantine is to contagion as

1. hospital is to patient
2. vaccine is to immunity
3. dam is to flood
4. disease is to cure
5. isolation is to loneliness

12. Meticulous is to careless as

1. careful is to cautious
2. thorough is to sloppy
3. detailed is to specific
4. precise is to accurate
5. neat is to organized

13. Venomous is to toxic as

1. poisonous is to dangerous
2. harmless is to safe
3. snake is to reptile
4. lethal is to fatal
5. antidote is to cure

14. Architect is to blueprint as

1. builder is to construction
2. engineer is to bridge
3. cartographer is to map
4. designer is to fashion
5. contractor is to project

15. Page is to book as

1. chapter is to novel
2. word is to sentence
3. bead is to necklace
4. cover is to magazine
5. library is to shelf

16. Irrigation is to crops as

1. fertilizer is to soil
2. rainfall is to drought
3. ventilation is to air
4. education is to students
5. farmer is to field

17. Cacophony is to harmony as

1. noise is to sound
2. chaos is to order
3. music is to melody
4. discord is to song
5. orchestra is to conductor

18. Terrified is to afraid as

1. scared is to frightened
2. calm is to nervous
3. ecstatic is to happy
4. worried is to concern
5. brave is to courageous

19. Thermometer is to temperature as

1. barometer is to pressure
2. scale is to weight
3. clock is to time
4. ruler is to length
5. speedometer is to velocity

20. Vindictive is to forgiveness as

1. vengeful is to revenge
2. merciful is to compassion
3. obstinate is to flexibility
4. spiteful is to malice
5. angry is to emotion

21. Glacier is to ice as

1. volcano is to lava
2. ocean is to water
3. mountain is to snow
4. desert is to sand
5. river is to stream

22. Proliferate is to multiply as

1. decrease is to increase
2. expand is to grow
3. divide is to subtract
4. population is to people
5. spread is to contain

23. Journalist is to article as

1. reporter is to newspaper
2. novelist is to novel
3. editor is to publication
4. reader is to magazine
5. writer is to pen

24. Petal is to flower as

1. leaf is to tree
2. stem is to plant
3. scale is to fish
4. garden is to rose
5. root is to soil

25. Frugal is to extravagant as

1. thrifty is to economical
2. generous is to selfish
3. modest is to lavish
4. cheap is to expensive
5. wealthy is to poor

26. Evaporation is to condensation as

1. freezing is to melting
2. water is to vapor
3. heat is to cold
4. cloud is to rain
5. liquid is to gas

27. Monotonous is to variety as

1. repetitive is to boring
2. colorful is to dull
3. stagnant is to change
4. uniform is to similarity
5. diverse is to different

28. Apiary is to bee as

1. hive is to honey
2. aquarium is to fish
3. nest is to bird
4. farm is to farmer
5. stable is to horse

29. Friction is to heat as

1. ice is to cold
2. pressure is to stress
3. combustion is to fire
4. wind is to erosion
5. force is to motion

30. Docile is to rebellious as

1. obedient is to compliant
2. gentle is to calm
3. submissive is to defiant
4. tame is to wild
5. quiet is to loud

Answer Key

1. Ans: (A) - chisel is to sculptor
Explanation: This is a tool/user relationship. A scalpel is the primary tool used by a surgeon, just as a chisel is the primary tool used by a sculptor. (B) is incorrect because a patient is not a tool. (D) is incorrect because it shows a tool/object relationship rather than tool/user.

2. Ans: (B) - barren is to fertility
Explanation: This is a lack of quality relationship. Something arid lacks moisture, just as something barren lacks fertility. (C) is incorrect because dry and desert show association, not lack. (E) is incorrect because cold is a type of temperature, not a lack of it.

3. Ans: (B) - playwright is to drama
Explanation: This is a creator/creation relationship. A composer creates a symphony, just as a playwright creates a drama. (A) is incorrect because a conductor interprets but does not create an orchestra. (D) is incorrect because a painter does not create a gallery.

4. Ans: (B) - jubilant is to joyful
Explanation: This is a synonym relationship. Triumphant means victorious, just as jubilant means joyful. (A) is incorrect because defeated is the opposite of champion. (C) is incorrect because competitive and game are associated but not synonymous.

5. Ans: (B) - rudder is to ship
Explanation: This is a part/whole relationship. A lens is an essential directional/focusing component of a camera, just as a rudder is an essential directional component of a ship. (C) is incorrect because a photograph is a product, not a part, of a camera. (E) is incorrect because a picture is contained by a frame, not a functional part of it.

6. Ans: (A) - drought is to dehydration
Explanation: This is a cause/effect relationship. Famine causes starvation, just as drought causes dehydration. (B) is incorrect because hunger does not cause food. (E) is incorrect because scarcity and abundance are opposites, not cause and effect.

7. Ans: (B) - visible is to invisible
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Transparent is the opposite of opaque, just as visible is the opposite of invisible. (A) is incorrect because clear and glass are associated but not opposites. (C) is incorrect because solid and liquid are different states of matter but not direct opposites in the same way.

8. Ans: (B) - constellation is to star
Explanation: This is a group/member relationship. An archipelago is a group of islands, just as a constellation is a group of stars. (D) is incorrect because a continent contains countries but is not defined as a group of them. (E) is incorrect because while a forest contains trees, the relationship is less precise than the correct answer.

9. Ans: (A) - reckless is to caution
Explanation: This is a lack of quality relationship. Someone negligent lacks care, just as someone reckless lacks caution. (B) is incorrect because diligent shows the presence, not lack, of work ethic. (C) is incorrect because careless describes a potential cause of accident, not a lack relationship.

10. Ans: (A) - caterpillar is to butterfly
Explanation: This is a young/mature form relationship (metamorphosis). A tadpole becomes a frog through metamorphosis, just as a caterpillar becomes a butterfly. (C) is incorrect because an egg is not the same developmental stage comparison. (D) is too general.

11. Ans: (C) - dam is to flood
Explanation: This is a preventive measure/prevented problem relationship. Quarantine prevents the spread of contagion, just as a dam prevents flood. (B) is incorrect because a vaccine creates immunity rather than preventing it. (D) is incorrect because disease is what requires a cure, not what cure prevents.

12. Ans: (B) - thorough is to sloppy
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Meticulous is the opposite of careless, just as thorough is the opposite of sloppy. (A) is incorrect because careful and cautious are synonyms. (D) is incorrect because precise and accurate are also synonyms.

13. Ans: (D) - lethal is to fatal
Explanation: This is a synonym relationship. Venomous means toxic, just as lethal means fatal. (A) is incorrect because while poisonous and dangerous are related, dangerous is not as precise a synonym. (B) is incorrect because harmless and safe are synonyms but don't match the relationship.

14. Ans: (C) - cartographer is to map
Explanation: This is a specialist/work product relationship. An architect creates a blueprint, just as a cartographer creates a map. (B) is incorrect because an engineer designs but does not exclusively create bridges. (D) is too vague as designer can refer to many fields.

15. Ans: (C) - bead is to necklace
Explanation: This is a part/whole relationship. A page is one component of a book, just as a bead is one component of a necklace. (A) is incorrect because a chapter is larger than a page. (B) is incorrect because a word is part of a sentence, which is smaller than a page.

16. Ans: (D) - education is to students
Explanation: This is a nurturing process/beneficiary relationship. Irrigation nurtures and sustains crops, just as education nurtures and develops students. (A) is incorrect because fertilizer affects soil, not what grows from it. (C) is incorrect because ventilation circulates air rather than nurturing a recipient.

17. Ans: (B) - chaos is to order
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Cacophony (harsh noise) is the opposite of harmony, just as chaos is the opposite of order. (A) is incorrect because noise and sound are related but not opposites. (D) is incorrect because discord and song are not true opposites.

18. Ans: (C) - ecstatic is to happy
Explanation: This is a degree of intensity relationship. Terrified is extremely afraid, just as ecstatic is extremely happy. (A) is incorrect because scared and frightened are synonyms of similar intensity. (E) is incorrect because brave and courageous are also synonyms of similar intensity.

19. Ans: (A) - barometer is to pressure
Explanation: This is an instrument/measurement relationship. A thermometer measures temperature, just as a barometer measures pressure. All options show this relationship, but (A) is the most directly parallel in that both measure atmospheric conditions. (B), (C), (D), and (E) are all correct instrument/measurement pairs, but (A) best matches the scientific instrument parallel.

20. Ans: (C) - obstinate is to flexibility
Explanation: This is a lack of quality relationship. Someone vindictive lacks forgiveness, just as someone obstinate lacks flexibility. (A) is incorrect because vengeful implies revenge rather than lacking it. (B) is incorrect because merciful shows the presence of compassion.

21. Ans: (B) - ocean is to water
Explanation: This is a composition relationship. A glacier is composed of ice, just as an ocean is composed of water. (A) is incorrect because lava is expelled from a volcano, not its composition. (D) is a close second, but (B) is more precisely parallel.

22. Ans: (B) - expand is to grow
Explanation: This is a synonym relationship. Proliferate means to multiply, just as expand means to grow. (A) is incorrect because decrease and increase are opposites. (E) is incorrect because spread and contain are opposites.

23. Ans: (B) - novelist is to novel
Explanation: This is a creator/creation relationship. A journalist creates an article, just as a novelist creates a novel. (A) is incorrect because a reporter works for a newspaper but doesn't create the newspaper itself. (C) is incorrect because an editor revises but does not originally create a publication.

24. Ans: (C) - scale is to fish
Explanation: This is a part/whole relationship. A petal is one of multiple similar parts of a flower, just as a scale is one of multiple similar parts of a fish. (A) is incorrect because a tree has many leaves, but the parallel is less exact. (C) provides the most precise parallel of multiple identical protective/covering parts.

25. Ans: (C) - modest is to lavish
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Frugal is the opposite of extravagant, just as modest is the opposite of lavish. (A) is incorrect because thrifty and economical are synonyms. (D) is incorrect because cheap and expensive refer to price, not spending behavior.

26. Ans: (A) - freezing is to melting
Explanation: This is an opposite process relationship. Evaporation is the opposite process of condensation, just as freezing is the opposite process of melting. (B) is incorrect because water and vapor show a before/after state, not opposite processes. (C) is incorrect because heat and cold are conditions, not processes.

27. Ans: (C) - stagnant is to change
Explanation: This is a lack of quality relationship. Something monotonous lacks variety, just as something stagnant lacks change. (A) is incorrect because repetitive describes something boring rather than lacking it. (D) is incorrect because uniform suggests similarity rather than lacking it.

28. Ans: (B) - aquarium is to fish
Explanation: This is a habitat/inhabitant relationship. An apiary is a structure that houses bees, just as an aquarium is a structure that houses fish. (C) is incorrect because while a nest houses birds, an apiary is a man-made structure like an aquarium. (E) is also correct, making this a strong parallel, but (B) matches the contained environment aspect most precisely.

29. Ans: (D) - wind is to erosion
Explanation: This is a cause/effect relationship. Friction causes heat, just as wind causes erosion. (C) is incorrect because combustion produces fire, but the relationship is less directly parallel. (E) is incorrect because force causes motion, but this is a more general physics relationship.

30. Ans: (C) - submissive is to defiant
Explanation: This is an antonym relationship. Docile is the opposite of rebellious, just as submissive is the opposite of defiant. (A) is incorrect because obedient and compliant are synonyms. (D) is a possible answer, but (C) more precisely captures the behavioral opposition inherent in docile/rebellious.