NEET UG 2026 Syllabus — Changes Explained - News & Notifications NEET PDF

Table of Contents
1. Overview
2. Physics - key topics
3. Chemistry - key topics
4. Biology - key topics
5. How to study by weightage
6. Study strategy and practical tips
7. Final notes
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NMC-rationalized syllabus, what was removed, and topic-wise focus areas

Overview

• The current syllabus is based on NCERT Class 11 and 12 textbooks and was rationalised and prescribed by the National Medical Commission (NMC) in 2024.
• The syllabus covers three subjects: Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (including Botany and Zoology).
• Approximately 79 chapters are in the rationalised syllabus; some topics present in earlier syllabi were removed or reduced in scope.
• The revised list emphasises depth in high-yield areas while removing lower-priority or repetitive content; candidates should align preparation to the NCERT textbooks and the notified topics list.

Physics - key topics

Class 11 topics

• Physics and Measurement - units, dimensional analysis, significant figures, measurement errors; understand SI units and common measurement techniques.
• Kinematics - displacement, velocity, acceleration, equations of motion for constant acceleration, motion in two dimensions; practise graphical interpretation of motion.
• Laws of Motion - Newton's laws, friction, dynamics of systems, pseudo-forces in non-inertial frames; apply free-body diagrams systematically.
• Work, Energy and Power - work done by constant and variable forces, kinetic and potential energy, conservation of mechanical energy, power calculations.
• Rotational Motion - torque, moment of inertia, angular momentum, rotational kinematics and dynamics, energy in rotational motion.
• Gravitation - Newton's law of gravitation, gravitational potential and field, orbital motion, Kepler's laws.
• Properties of Solids and Liquids - elasticity, stress-strain relationships, viscosity, surface tension, capillarity.
• Thermodynamics - zeroth, first and second laws, heat engines, refrigeration, specific heats; practice conceptual and numerical problems.
• Kinetic Theory of Gases - ideal gas equation, molecular interpretation of temperature, mean free path, degrees of freedom.
• Oscillations and Waves - simple harmonic motion, superposition, travelling and stationary waves, sound waves and Doppler effect.

Class 12 topics

• Electrostatics - Coulomb's law, electric field, Gauss's law, potential, capacitance and dielectrics; solve field and potential problems using symmetry.
• Current Electricity - Ohm's law, resistivity, Kirchhoff's rules, circuits, meter circuits and internal resistance.
• Magnetic Effects and Magnetism - Biot-Savart law, Ampère's law, magnetic field due to currents, magnetic properties of materials.
• Electromagnetic Induction - Faraday's law, Lenz's law, self and mutual inductance, eddy currents.
• Alternating Currents - AC circuits, reactance and impedance, resonance in RLC circuits, power in AC circuits.
• Electromagnetic Waves - Maxwell's equations overview, wave propagation, spectrum basics and applications.
• Optics - ray optics (reflection, refraction, lenses, aberrations), wave optics (interference, diffraction, polarization).
• Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation - photoelectric effect, de Broglie wavelength, basic quantum ideas and applications.
• Atoms and Nuclei - atomic models, radioactivity, nuclear reactions, binding energy.
• Electronic Devices - semiconductors, p-n junctions, diodes, transistors and basic logic of electronic circuits.

Chemistry - key topics

Removed from syllabus (do not study)

• Hydrogen chapter - deleted from the notified syllabus.
• Polymers - partially removed; study only the portions explicitly retained in the syllabus list.
• Chemistry in Everyday Life - deleted from the notified syllabus; do not spend time on this chapter unless explicitly required by your detailed syllabus list.

Retained and important

• Some Basic Concepts - mole concept, concentration units, stoichiometry; practise conversions and calculations.
• Atomic Structure - quantum numbers, electronic configuration, photoelectric effect context.
• Chemical Bonding - ionic, covalent, metallic bonds, VSEPR, hybridisation, bonding and molecular orbital ideas.
• Equilibrium - chemical and ionic equilibria, Le Chatelier's principle, pH and buffer concepts.
• Redox Reactions - oxidation numbers, balancing redox equations, electrochemical cells basics.
• Thermodynamics - internal energy, enthalpy, entropy trends, spontaneity criteria.
• Organic Chemistry - major chapters retained, including carbonyl compounds, reaction mechanisms (nucleophilic/electrophilic), and biomolecules; focus on reaction pathways and practice mechanism-based questions.
• d- and f-block elements - properties, electronic configuration, trends and important compounds.
• Coordination Compounds - nomenclature, bonding (VBT and CFT basics), isomerism and applications.

Biology - key topics

Removed from syllabus

• Reproduction in Organisms - deleted from the notified syllabus.
• Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production - deleted from the notified syllabus.
• Environmental Issues - scope reduced in the rationalised syllabus.
• Mineral Nutrition - scope reduced; study only the retained subtopics as per the official list.

High-weightage Biology areas

• Genetics and Evolution - typically about 25% weightage within the Biology section; important topics include Mendelian genetics, chromosomal basis of inheritance, molecular basis of inheritance (DNA/RNA structure and replication), and basic evolutionary concepts.
• Human Physiology - consistently high weightage; key systems are circulatory, respiratory, digestive, excretory, endocrine, nervous and reproductive physiology (study mechanisms, control and integration).
• Plant Physiology - photosynthesis, respiration, plant growth regulators and transport; focus on processes, limiting factors and practical diagrams.
• Cell Biology - cell structure and organelles, cell cycle, cell division (mitosis and meiosis), and biomolecules (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids).
• Ecology - ecosystem structure and function, population interactions, and conservation basics; concentrate on key definitions and diagrams.

How to study by weightage

• Biology: accounts for 50% of the paper - 90 questions, 360 marks - make it the highest priority. Read every line of the NCERT textbook, memorise clear diagrams and headings, and practise diagram labelling and conceptual MCQs.
• Physics: accounts for 25% of the paper - 45 questions, 180 marks - focus on understanding concepts and practising application-based and formula-based numerical problems; make a formula sheet and solve problems under timed conditions.
• Chemistry: accounts for 25% of the paper - 45 questions, 180 marks - divide time equally between physical, organic and inorganic chemistry; practise reaction mechanisms and numerical problems, and memorise key inorganic facts.
• For Biology, many questions are direct from NCERT phrases and facts; underline and make short flashcards of NCERT sentences that state mechanisms, definitions and numerical data.
• For Physics, prioritise problem-solving technique, dimensional checks and common approximations; practise previous years' numerical formats.
• For Chemistry, focus on reaction pathways and mechanism steps in organic chemistry, and on periodic trends and exceptions in inorganic chemistry.

Study strategy and practical tips

• Start with the official NCERT textbooks and the NMC-rationalised topic list; make concise handwritten notes for quick revisions.
• Schedule study in weighted proportions: allocate roughly 50% effort to Biology, 25% to Physics and 25% to Chemistry, adjusting to personal strengths and weaknesses.
• Use active recall and spaced repetition: flashcards for biology facts, formula sheets for physics, and reaction-mechanism summaries for organic chemistry.
• Solve previous years' papers and full-length mock tests under exam conditions to build speed and accuracy; analyse mistakes and maintain an error log.
• Practice diagrams and laboratory/experimental reasoning for biology and physics questions that test interpretation of graphs and experimental setups.
• Keep a revision cycle: one pass for understanding, one pass for consolidation (notes and problem practice), and multiple passes for rapid revision before the exam.
• Maintain exam discipline: time management during tests, educated guessing strategy for negative marking, and calmness on the day of the exam.

Final notes

• Confirm the detailed topic list from the official NMC/NTA notifications before finalising a study plan.
• Concentrate on NCERT as the primary source; supplement with problem books and reference texts only for additional practice and deeper understanding.
• Prioritise high-weightage chapters, continuous practice and regular self-assessment to maximise performance.