Mnemonics: Introduction to Administrative Law
Five Writs under Article 32 & 226
What needs to be memorized: Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, Quo Warranto (in order)
Mnemonic: "Hungry Monkey Picked Coconuts Quickly"
🔗 The Breakdown:
- Hungry → Habeas Corpus (produce the body)
- Monkey → Mandamus (we command)
- Picked → Prohibition (to prohibit lower courts)
- Coconuts → Certiorari (to certify/quash orders)
- Quickly → Quo Warranto (by what authority)
💡 Visual tip: Imagine a hungry monkey quickly climbing up and picking coconuts - this fun image will help you recall all five writs in the correct order!
Principles of Natural Justice (Latin Maxims)
What needs to be memorized: Audi Alteram Partem and Nemo Judex in Causa Sua
Mnemonic: "AAP-NJ Rule" (Think: AAP ko sunna, aur No Judge apne case mein)
🔗 The Breakdown:
- AAP (sounds like "aap" - you) → Audi Alteram Partem = Right to be heard (the other party must be heard)
- NJ (No Judge) → Nemo Judex in Causa Sua = Rule against bias (no one should be judge in their own cause)
💡 Memory trick: "AAP" reminds you that the other party ("aap") must be heard, and "NJ" reminds you that No Judge can decide their own case!
Grounds of Judicial Review (Lord Diplock's Classification)
What needs to be memorized: Illegality, Irrationality (Wednesbury unreasonableness), Procedural Impropriety
Mnemonic: "IIP Formula" (2 I's aur 1 P - do Illegal cheezein aur ek Procedure ki galti)
🔗 The Breakdown:
- I → Illegality (action beyond legal powers)
- I → Irrationality (so unreasonable that no reasonable authority would take it - Wednesbury principle)
- P → Procedural Impropriety (failure to follow fair procedure or natural justice)
💡 Court tip: Think of a judge checking three things - "Is it Illegal? Is it Irrational? Is Procedure wrong?" - IIP!
Dicey's Rule of Law - Three Pillars
What needs to be memorized: Supremacy of Law, Equality before Law, Predominance of Legal Spirit
Mnemonic: "Dicey's SEP Formula" (Dicey ne tyranny se SEParate kar diya democracy ko)
🔗 The Breakdown:
- S → Supremacy of Law (absence of arbitrary power; law is supreme)
- E → Equality before Law (equal subjection of all to ordinary law)
- P → Predominance of Legal Spirit (Constitution is result of rights, not their source)
💡 Remember: Dicey used "SEP" to SEParate good governance from arbitrary rule!
Forms of Delegated Legislation
What needs to be memorized: Rules, Regulations, Bye-laws, Notifications
Mnemonic: "RRB Notice" (jaise RRB exam ka notification aata hai)
🔗 The Breakdown:
- R (first R) → Rules (made by executive under parent Act)
- R (second R) → Regulations (made by statutory bodies)
- B → Bye-laws (made by local authorities, corporations)
- Notice → Notifications (executive orders published in gazette)
💡 Think: Just like RRB publishes notifications for exams, executive bodies publish these four types of delegated legislation!
Types of Ultra Vires Doctrine
What needs to be memorized: Substantive Ultra Vires, Procedural Ultra Vires
Mnemonic: "SP Officer checks" (SP checks karta hai - Substance aur Procedure dono)
🔗 The Breakdown:
- S (in SP) → Substantive Ultra Vires (content/substance of action beyond powers conferred)
- P (in SP) → Procedural Ultra Vires (mandatory procedure not followed while exercising power)
💡 Court connection: Like an SP (Superintendent of Police) checking both what was done (substance) and how it was done (procedure), courts check both aspects for ultra vires!
