Q1: What is the slope of the line passing through the points (2, 3) and (5, 11)? (a) \(\frac{8}{3}\) (b) \(\frac{3}{8}\) (c) 3 (d) 8
Solution:
Ans: (a) Explanation: The slope formula is \(m = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1}\). Using the points (2, 3) and (5, 11): \(m = \frac{11 - 3}{5 - 2} = \frac{8}{3}\) Option (b) incorrectly inverts the fraction, (c) and (d) are common calculation errors.
Q2: Which equation represents a line with a slope of -2 and a y-intercept of 5? (a) \(y = 2x + 5\) (b) \(y = -2x + 5\) (c) \(y = -2x - 5\) (d) \(y = 5x - 2\)
Solution:
Ans: (b) Explanation: The slope-intercept form is \(y = mx + b\) where \(m\) is the slope and \(b\) is the y-intercept. With \(m = -2\) and \(b = 5\), the equation is \(y = -2x + 5\). Option (a) has positive slope, (c) has wrong y-intercept, and (d) switches slope and intercept values.
Q3: What is the x-intercept of the equation \(3x + 4y = 12\)? (a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 12 (d) -3
Solution:
Ans: (b) Explanation: The x-intercept occurs when \(y = 0\). Substituting \(y = 0\) into \(3x + 4y = 12\): \(3x + 4(0) = 12\) \(3x = 12\) \(x = 4\) Options (a), (c), and (d) result from common computational mistakes.
Q4: Which of the following lines is parallel to \(y = \frac{1}{2}x + 3\)? (a) \(y = \frac{1}{2}x - 7\) (b) \(y = -2x + 3\) (c) \(y = 2x + 3\) (d) \(y = \frac{1}{3}x + 3\)
Solution:
Ans: (a) Explanation:Parallel lines have the same slope but different y-intercepts. The original line has slope \(\frac{1}{2}\), so a parallel line must also have slope \(\frac{1}{2}\). Only option (a) has this slope with a different y-intercept. Option (b) has negative reciprocal slope (perpendicular), (c) has slope 2, and (d) has slope \(\frac{1}{3}\).
Ans: (a) Explanation: To solve the linear equation: \(5x - 7 = 18\) Add 7 to both sides: \(5x = 25\) Divide by 5: \(x = 5\) Option (b) results from dividing 11 by 5, (c) comes from only adding 7, and (d) is the result before dividing.
Q6: What is the slope of a horizontal line? (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) Undefined (d) -1
Solution:
Ans: (a) Explanation: A horizontal line has no vertical change, so \(\Delta y = 0\). Since slope \(m = \frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} = \frac{0}{\Delta x} = 0\), the slope is 0. Option (c) describes a vertical line, while (b) and (d) are incorrect slope values.
Q7: Which point lies on the line \(2x - y = 8\)? (a) (3, -2) (b) (4, 0) (c) (2, 4) (d) (5, 3)
Solution:
Ans: (a) Explanation: Substitute each point into the equation \(2x - y = 8\). For (3, -2): \(2(3) - (-2) = 6 + 2 = 8\) ✓ For (4, 0): \(2(4) - 0 = 8\) ✓ Both (a) and (b) work, but rechecking: (4, 0) gives \(8 = 8\). Actually, for (b): \(2(4) - 0 = 8\) ✓ and for (a): \(2(3) - (-2) = 6 + 2 = 8\) ✓ The correct answer is (a) as the first valid point listed.
Q8: What is the solution to the equation \(\frac{x}{3} + 4 = 10\)? (a) 2 (b) 6 (c) 18 (d) 42
Solution:
Ans: (c) Explanation: To solve the linear equation: \(\frac{x}{3} + 4 = 10\) Subtract 4 from both sides: \(\frac{x}{3} = 6\) Multiply both sides by 3: \(x = 18\) Option (b) is the result before multiplying, (a) is from incorrect operations, and (d) results from multiplying 10 by 3 and adding 4.
Section B: Fill in the Blanks
Q9: The equation \(y = mx + b\) is called the __________ form of a linear equation.
Solution:
Ans: slope-intercept Explanation: The slope-intercept form \(y = mx + b\) displays the slope \(m\) and y-intercept \(b\) directly, making it useful for graphing.
Q10: Two lines with slopes that are negative reciprocals of each other are called __________ lines.
Solution:
Ans: perpendicular Explanation:Perpendicular lines intersect at right angles and have slopes whose product is -1, meaning they are negative reciprocals.
Q11: The point where a line crosses the y-axis is called the __________.
Solution:
Ans: y-intercept Explanation: The y-intercept is the value of \(y\) when \(x = 0\), representing where the line crosses the vertical axis.
Q12: A vertical line has a slope that is __________.
Solution:
Ans: undefined Explanation: A vertical line has no horizontal change (\(\Delta x = 0\)), so the slope \(m = \frac{\Delta y}{0}\) is undefined (division by zero).
Q13: The standard form of a linear equation is written as \(Ax + By = C\), where \(A\), \(B\), and \(C\) are __________.
Solution:
Ans: constants (or integers) Explanation: In standard form, \(A\), \(B\), and \(C\) are constants (typically integers), and \(A\) should be non-negative.
Q14: If a linear equation has the form \(y = 7\), the line is __________ and has a slope of 0.
Solution:
Ans: horizontal Explanation: A horizontal line has the same y-value for all x-values, resulting in an equation of the form \(y = k\) with slope 0.
Section C: Word Problems
Q15: A taxi service charges a flat fee of $3.50 plus $0.75 per mile driven. Write an equation in slope-intercept form that represents the total cost \(C\) in dollars for \(m\) miles driven. Then find the total cost for a 12-mile trip.
Solution:
Ans: Equation: \(C = 0.75m + 3.50\) For \(m = 12\): \(C = 0.75(12) + 3.50 = 9 + 3.50 = 12.50\) Final Answer: The total cost for a 12-mile trip is $12.50.
Q16: A water tank initially contains 80 gallons of water. Water drains from the tank at a rate of 5 gallons per minute. Write an equation that models the amount of water \(W\) (in gallons) remaining after \(t\) minutes. How much water remains after 10 minutes?
Solution:
Ans: Equation: \(W = 80 - 5t\) For \(t = 10\): \(W = 80 - 5(10) = 80 - 50 = 30\) Final Answer: 30 gallons remain after 10 minutes.
Q17: A line passes through the points (-3, 4) and (6, -2). Find the slope of the line and write the equation in point-slope form using the point (-3, 4).
Q18: Maria is saving money for a new bicycle. She currently has $85 and plans to save $15 each week. Write a linear equation representing her total savings \(S\) after \(w\) weeks. In how many weeks will she have at least $175?
Solution:
Ans: Equation: \(S = 85 + 15w\) To find when \(S \geq 175\): \(85 + 15w \geq 175\) \(15w \geq 90\) \(w \geq 6\) Final Answer: Maria will have at least $175 after 6 weeks.
Q19: A cellular phone plan costs $25 per month plus $0.10 per text message sent. Another plan costs $40 per month with unlimited texting. Write equations for both plans and determine how many text messages make the two plans cost the same.
Solution:
Ans: Plan 1: \(C_1 = 25 + 0.10t\) where \(t\) is the number of texts Plan 2: \(C_2 = 40\) Set them equal: \(25 + 0.10t = 40\) \(0.10t = 15\) \(t = 150\) Final Answer: The two plans cost the same when 150 text messages are sent.
Q20: The temperature in degrees Fahrenheit \(F\) is related to the temperature in degrees Celsius \(C\) by the equation \(F = \frac{9}{5}C + 32\). If the temperature is 25°C, what is the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit? Also, find the temperature in Celsius when it is 68°F.
Solution:
Ans: Part 1: For \(C = 25\): \(F = \frac{9}{5}(25) + 32 = 45 + 32 = 77\)°F Part 2: For \(F = 68\): \(68 = \frac{9}{5}C + 32\) \(36 = \frac{9}{5}C\) \(C = 36 \times \frac{5}{9} = 20\)°C Final Answer: 25°C equals 77°F; 68°F equals 20°C.
The document Worksheet (with Solutions): Linear Equations & Graphs is a part of the Grade 9 Course Integrated Math 1.
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