PE Exam Exam > PE Exam Notes > Civil Engineering (PE Civil) > Cheatsheet: Pavement Design
Cheatsheet: Pavement Design
1. Pavement Types and Components
1.1 Flexible Pavement
1.2 Rigid Pavement
1.3 Pavement Type Comparison
2. Traffic Analysis
2.1 Equivalent Single Axle Load (ESAL)
2.2 ESAL Calculation
ESAL = AADT × % Trucks × Truck Factor × 365 × Growth Factor × Design Life
2.3 Load Equivalency Factors
- Single axle, 18 kips: LEF = 1.0 (standard reference)
- Single axle, 10 kips: LEF ≈ 0.08
- Single axle, 22 kips: LEF ≈ 2.2
- Tandem axle, 34 kips: LEF ≈ 1.0
- LEF increases exponentially with axle load (approximately fourth power law)
3. Flexible Pavement Design - AASHTO Method
3.1 AASHTO Design Equation
log₁₀(W₁₈) = Z_R × S₀ + 9.36 × log₁₀(SN + 1) - 0.20 + [log₁₀(ΔPSI / (4.2 - 1.5))] / [0.40 + 1094 / (SN + 1)^5.19] + 2.32 × log₁₀(M_R) - 8.07
3.2 AASHTO Parameters
3.3 Serviceability Index (PSI)
3.4 Structural Number (SN)
SN = a₁D₁ + a₂D₂m₂ + a₃D₃m₃
3.5 Layer Coefficients
3.6 Drainage Coefficients (m_i)
3.7 Resilient Modulus (M_R)
M_R (psi) = 1,500 × CBR (correlation for fine-grained soils)
3.8 Reliability Levels
4. Rigid Pavement Design - AASHTO Method
4.1 AASHTO Rigid Pavement Equation
log₁₀(W₁₈) = Z_R × S₀ + 7.35 × log₁₀(D + 1) - 0.06 + [log₁₀(ΔPSI / (4.5 - 1.5))] / [1 + 1.624 × 10^7 / (D + 1)^8.46] + (4.22 - 0.32p_t) × log₁₀[S'_c × C_d × (D^0.75 - 1.132)] / [215.63 × J × (D^0.75 - 18.42/(E_c/k)^0.25)]
4.2 Rigid Pavement Parameters
4.3 Load Transfer Coefficient (J)
4.4 Modulus of Subgrade Reaction (k)
Effective k = k × (1 + subbase correction)
4.5 Concrete Properties
4.6 Rigid Pavement Drainage Coefficient (C_d)
4.7 Joint Spacing and Design
5. Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design (MEPDG)
5.1 MEPDG Overview
5.2 Flexible Pavement Distress Criteria
5.3 Rigid Pavement Distress Criteria
5.4 Critical Strains and Stresses
6. Asphalt Mix Design
6.1 Marshall Mix Design Method
6.2 Superpave Mix Design
6.3 Asphalt Volumetric Properties
V_a = (1 - G_mb / G_mm) × 100%
VMA = 100 - (G_mb × P_s / G_sb)
VFA = 100 × (VMA - V_a) / VMA
6.4 Performance Grade (PG) Asphalt Binder
7. Pavement Distresses and Evaluation
7.1 Flexible Pavement Distresses
7.2 Rigid Pavement Distresses
7.3 Pavement Condition Indices
7.4 IRI Values and Pavement Condition
8. Pavement Rehabilitation and Maintenance
8.1 Maintenance Strategies
8.2 Flexible Pavement Rehabilitation
8.3 Rigid Pavement Rehabilitation
8.4 Overlay Design
SN_overlay = SN_required - SN_existing × C
8.5 Condition Factor (C) for Overlay Design
9. Soil Support and Stabilization
9.1 California Bearing Ratio (CBR)
CBR = (Test Load / Standard Load) × 100%
9.2 Typical CBR Values
9.3 Soil Stabilization Methods
9.4 Frost Depth and Action
10. Construction and Quality Control
10.1 Compaction Requirements
10.2 Asphalt Placement
10.3 Concrete Placement
10.4 Quality Control Tests
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Apr 20, 2026 Last updated
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