Class 8 Exam > Class 8 Notes > NCERT Textbook Chapter Exercise Questions (Important only) - Industries, Class 8, Geography
NCERT Textbook Chapter Exercise Questions (Important only) - Industries, Class 8, Geography PDF Download
Ncert Textbook Chapter Exercise Questions (Important only)
Q.1: Answer the following questions:
- What is meant by the term ‘industry’?
- Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?
- Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of the modern industry and why?
- Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?
- What are the similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California?
Solutions:
- Industry means an economic activity that is related to production of goods, extraction of minerals and the provision of services. Examples for the above are - Iron and Steel Industry, Coal Mining Industry and Tourism Industry respectively.
- Main factors which influence the location of an industry are listed below:
· availability of raw materials
· transport and communication
· land
· power
· water
· capital
· labour
· market
3. Iron and steel industry is often referred to as the backbone of the modern industry. This is because that almost everything is either made from iron or steel or has been made using tools and machineries of these metals. There are plenty of examples like -ships, trains, vehicles; all are made largely of steel. Materials of our day-to-day use starting safety pin to our building in which we live, are made from steel. Without the use of iron no industry can run.
4. Cotton textile rapidly expanded in Mumbai because its warm, moist climate, facility of port for importing of machinery and above all the easy availability of skilled labor.
5. Similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California can be drawn as follows:
· Bangalore is located in Deccan Plateau while Silicon Valley in California is located next to the Rocky Mountains.
· Both have clean environment.
· Pleasant climate throughout the year.
· In the vicinity of educational, scientific and technological centers.
· Close to major roads and airports.
· Good access to markets.
· Both have skilled work force.
· Low or affordable cost of living.
Q.2: Tick the correct answer:
(i) Silicon valley is located in
a. Bangalore.
b. California
c. Ahmedabad
(ii) Which one of the following industries is known as sunrise industry?
a. Iron and Steel industry
b. Cotton industry
c. Information technology
(iii) Which one of the following is a natural fiber?
a. Nylon
b. Jute
c. Acrylic
Solutions: (i)b (ii)c (iii)b
Q.3: Distinguish between the followings:
(i) Agro-based and mineral-based industries.
(ii) Public sector and Joint sector industries.
Solutions: (i) The distinction between agro-based and mineral-based industries can be done as follows -
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Agro-based industries
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Mineral-based industries
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· Agro-based industries use plant and animal based products as raw materials.
· These industries provide employment in rural areas.
· Agro-based industries are mostly in private or co-operative sectors.
· Examples of such industries are - jute, cotton textile, dairy products, leather industries etc.
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· Mineral-based industries are those that use mineral ores as their raw materials.
· They provide employment to both rural and urban areas.
· These industries are mostly in public sector because of their large investment requirement.
· Examples of such industries are - iron and steel, capital goods industries etc.
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(ii) The distinction between public sector and joint sector industries can made as follows -
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Public sector industries
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Joint sector industries
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· The industries which are owned and operated by State Govt. or Central Govt. are called public sector industries.
· They involve huge capital investments.
· These industries are managed and run by workforce appointed by Govt.
· Examples are Steel authority of India limited (SAIL), Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) etc.
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· The industries which are owned and operated by Govt. and an individual or a group of individuals are called joint sector industries.
· Capital investments are generally less than the public sector industries.
· Both Govt. servants and private employees run these industries.
· Example - Maruti Udyog Limited (MUL).
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FAQs on NCERT Textbook Chapter Exercise Questions (Important only) - Industries, Class 8, Geography
| 1. What are the different types of industries mentioned in the Class 8 Geography textbook? |  |
Ans. The Class 8 Geography textbook mentions five types of industries, namely primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary, and quinary industries. Primary industries extract resources directly from nature, secondary industries involve the processing of raw materials, tertiary industries provide services, quaternary industries involve intellectual activities, and quinary industries include high-level decision-making and planning.
| 2. How does the location of industries affect their growth and development? | |
Ans. The location of industries plays a crucial role in their growth and development. Proximity to raw materials, availability of labor, transportation facilities, market access, and government policies are some factors that influence the location. Industries located near raw material sources have reduced transportation costs, while those located near markets have better access to customers. Suitable locations contribute to the overall efficiency and competitiveness of industries.
| 3. What are the major challenges faced by industries in India? | |
Ans. Industries in India face several challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, lack of skilled labor, bureaucratic hurdles, inconsistent power supply, inadequate access to finance, and competition from global markets. These challenges often hinder the growth and development of industries in the country.
| 4. How does the growth of industries impact the environment? | |
Ans. The growth of industries can have both positive and negative impacts on the environment. Industrial activities generate pollution, waste, and emissions, which can harm air, water, and soil quality. However, industries can also adopt sustainable practices, such as using clean technologies, improving waste management, and conserving resources, to minimize their environmental footprint.
| 5. What role does the government play in the development of industries? | |
Ans. The government plays a significant role in the development of industries through various policies and initiatives. It provides infrastructure development, offers incentives and subsidies, formulates regulations, encourages foreign investments, and promotes skill development programs. The government's support is crucial for creating a conducive environment for industrial growth and attracting both domestic and foreign investments.
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