Dual Nature of Matter
For a photon,
...(i)
...(ii)
He concluded that electromagnetic radiation has some associated mass or associated momentum, in the same way every moving particle of mass `m' and velocity `v' is associated with waves and these associated waves are known as matter waves or De Broglie's waves.
Experimental verification of De Broglie's hypothesis: Given by Davission and Germer.
They observed that a beam of electrons is diffracted by nickel crystal just like the x-rays. Moreover, the wavelength of the electrons determined by the diffraction experiments are equal to the values calculated from De Broglie's relationship.
Derivation of Bohr's postulate of quantization of angular momentum from De Broglie's Equations-
According to De Broglie, moving electrons associated with waves must be completely in phase, and therefore, only those orbits are possible where the circumference of the orbit is an integral multiple of λ i.e.
, where n is the no. of waves
From the above expression, it can be commented that
no of waves in a shell waves = shell no.
2E = mv2; 2mE = m2 v2 = p2
If a charged particle at rest (having charge `q') is accelerated by potential difference'V' volt then,
,
(Only for electrons).
Ex. Calculate λdB of an electron having K.E. 3 eV.
Sol.
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle
172 videos|306 docs|152 tests
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1. What is De Broglie's hypothesis? |
2. How is De Broglie's relationship derived? |
3. What is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle? |
4. How does the dual nature of matter relate to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle? |
5. What are some applications of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle? |
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