S 70. Whether set off allowed within same head? |
S 71. Whether set off allowed with different head? |
S 71B to 74A Rules to carry forward & set off past year losses |
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House Property Loss |
Yes | Yes | Section 71B. |
• Brought forward HP loss can be set off only with HP. |
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• It can be carried forward for 8 AY’s. |
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• Section 80 is not applicable. It means even if return of loss is not filed or filed late loss can be carried forward & set off. |
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Business loss |
Yes | Yes except salary. |
Section 72 |
• Set off with both business income & speculation income. |
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• Carry forward for 8AY. | |||
• Section 80 applicable. It means if return of loss is not filed or filed late business loss cannot be carried forward. |
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• Assessee who has incurred the loss can only set off that loss [6 exception] |
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• Even if business is discontinued business loss can be set off. |
Speculation loss (Same day sale & purchase i.e. without taking delivery) S 43(5) |
Yes | No | Section 73 |
• Past year speculation loss can be set off only with speculation income. |
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• Carry forward for 4AY. | |||
• Section 80 applicable. It means if return of loss is not filed or filed late speculation loss cannot be carried forward. |
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• Assessee who has incurred the loss can only set off that loss [exception not applicable] |
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• Even if business is discontinued business loss can be set off. |
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Loss under the head capital gain |
Yes LT can be set off only with LT. ST can be set off with both LT & ST. |
No | Section 74 |
• LT can be set off only with LT. ST can be set off with both LT & ST. |
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• Carry forward for 8AY. | |||
• Section 80 applicable. It means if return of loss is not filed or filed late capital gain (loss) cannot be carried forward. |
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Loss from activity of owning & maintaining race horses |
Yes | No | Section 74A |
• Past year horse loss can be set off only with horse income |
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• Carry forward for 4 AY. | |||
• Section 80 applicable. It means if return of loss is not filed or filed late business loss cannot be carried forward. |
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• Assessee who has incurred the loss can only set off that loss [exception not applicable] |
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• If business is discontinued then loss cannot be set off. |
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Loss from lotteries etc |
No | No | No |
Note: No other loss can be set off against this income. Deduction u/s 57 not available. Deduction u/s 80C to 80U not available. Basic exemption not available. Flat rate 30%. | |||
Other losses | Yes | Yes | No |
In case of choice this loss should be set off first since it cannot be carried forward. |
S 32(1) | S 32(2) |
Current year depreciation | Unabsorbed depreciation |
Rules to set off unabsorbed depreciation | |
1. | The unabsorbed depreciation can be set off with any head’s of income except casual income and salary income. But it shall be first set off with Business Income then with any other income. Do note that current year depreciation can be set off only with business income if cannot be set off then it shall be carried forward which becomes unabsorbed depreciation. |
2. | The unabsorbed depreciation can be carried forward for unlimited period. |
3. | Section 80 is not applicable. It means even if return of loss is not filed or filed late loss can be carried forward & set off. |
4. | Even if business is discontinued business loss can be set off. |
5. | Assessee who has incurred the loss can only set off that loss [6 exception] |
Rules to set off the losses | Priority to set off the losses | ||
1. | First S 71, then S 72 and then adjust past year losses. |
1. | Current year depreciation u/s 32(1). |
2. | Income exempted u/s 10 cannot be set off with taxable income. | 2. | Brought forward business loss u/s 72. |
3. | It is mandatory to set off the loss. | 3. | Unabsorbed depreciation u/s 32(2) |
Exceptions to the rule that assessee who has incurred the loss can only set off that loss. This exception is applicable only to S 72 & S 32(2). |
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1. | 72A. Accumulated business loss of amalgamating company can be carried forward and set off by amalgamated company. |
2. | 72A. Accumulated business loss of demerged company can be carried forward and set off by resulting company |
3. | 72A. Conversion of sole proprietorship concern into a company. |
4. | 72A. Conversion of firm into a company |
5. | 72A. Conversion of Pvt. limited Company to LLP or Unlisted Company to LLP. (Limited Liability Partnership). |
6. | 78(2). Losses of business acquired on inheritance. Father dies and son inherits the business then son can set off the business loss. |
S 71B | S 72 | S 73 | S 74 | S 74A | S 32(2) | ||
HP loss |
Business loss |
Speculation loss |
Capital gain loss |
Horse race loss |
Unabsorbed dep |
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1. | Set off under which head |
Same Head |
Same Head |
Same Head |
Same Head |
Same Head |
Any Head |
2. | Carry forward for how many years |
8 AY | 8 AY | 4 AY | 8 AY | 4 AY | unlimited period |
3. | Section 80 | NA | A | A | A | A | NA |
4. | Should business be continued to set off the loss |
NA | No | No | NA | Yes | No |
5. | The assessee who has incurred the loss can only set of that loss (True or False) |
NA | True | True | NA | True | True |
6. | Any exceptions | NA | Yes | No | NA | No | Yes |
21 videos|28 docs
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1. What is the concept of set off and carry forward of losses in taxation? |
2. How can I set off my current year losses against my current year income? |
3. Can I carry forward my losses if I am unable to set them off in the current year? |
4. Are there any limitations on the amount of losses that can be set off or carried forward? |
5. Can I claim a refund if my losses exceed my income in a particular year? |
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