Computer And Its Components MCQ Test - 1 - Class 10 MCQ

The collection of unprocessed facts, figures and symbols is known as ____________.
There are four options given as possible answers to the question: A, B, C, and D. Let's evaluate each option to determine the correct answer.
A: Information
- Information refers to processed and organized data that has meaning and relevance.
- It is the result of processing raw data to extract meaning and make it useful.
- Therefore, unprocessed facts, figures, and symbols cannot be considered information.
B: Software
- Software refers to a set of programs, instructions, and data that enable a computer to perform specific tasks.
- While software can be used to process and organize data, it does not refer to the unprocessed collection itself.
C: Data and Information
- Data refers to unprocessed facts, figures, and symbols.
- Information, on the other hand, refers to processed and organized data that has meaning and relevance.
- As per the question, we are looking for the term that represents unprocessed facts, figures, and symbols, which is data.
D: None of the above
- This option is the correct answer as it states that none of the given options accurately represent the collection of unprocessed facts, figures, and symbols.
Conclusion:
- The correct answer is D: None of the above, as none of the options accurately represent the collection of unprocessed facts, figures, and symbols.
- The correct term for this collection is data, which is different from information.

Answer:
The processed form of data that is organized, meaningful, and useful is called information. Here is a detailed explanation:
Definition of information:
Information refers to the processed form of data that is organized in a way that it becomes meaningful and useful for the intended purpose.
Characteristics of information:
- Organized: Information is structured and arranged in a logical manner.
- Meaningful: Information provides insights, knowledge, or understanding.
- Useful: Information can be applied to make decisions, solve problems, or perform tasks.
Examples:
- In a database, customer names, addresses, and purchase history are raw data. When this data is processed and organized, it becomes information that can be used for targeted marketing campaigns.
- In a financial report, raw financial data such as revenue, expenses, and profit is processed to provide meaningful information about the company's financial performance.
Relationship between data and information:
- Data is raw, unprocessed facts and figures.
- Information is derived from data through processing and organization.
Importance of information:
- Information is essential for decision-making and problem-solving.
- It helps individuals and organizations gain insights, knowledge, and understanding.
- Effective use of information can lead to improved efficiency and productivity.
In conclusion, information is the processed form of data that is organized in a meaningful and useful manner. It plays a crucial role in decision-making and problem-solving processes.

Explanation:
Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system. It includes all the tangible parts of a computer that can be seen and touched. Here's a detailed explanation:
Definition of Hardware:
- Hardware is any part of the computer that has a physical structure that can be seen and touched.
- It includes components such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage devices, input/output devices, and peripherals.
Characteristics of Hardware:
- Hardware is tangible and physical.
- It can be seen, touched, and manipulated by the user.
- Hardware components are built using materials such as plastic, metal, and silicon.
Examples of Hardware:
- Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Random Access Memory (RAM)
- Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or Solid State Drive (SSD)
- Motherboard
- Graphics Card
- Keyboard, Mouse, and Monitor
- Printer and Scanner
Importance of Hardware:
- Hardware forms the foundation of a computer system.
- It allows users to interact with the computer and perform various tasks.
- The performance and capabilities of a computer depend on the quality and specifications of its hardware components.
In conclusion, hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system that can be seen and touched. It is an essential part of any computer system and plays a crucial role in its functioning.

Components of computer hardware include:
1. Input devices: These are devices that allow users to input data and commands into the computer. Examples include keyboards, mice, scanners, and microphones.
2. Output devices: These are devices that display or present information processed by the computer. Examples include monitors, printers, speakers, and projectors.
3. A system unit: This is the main component of a computer that houses the motherboard, CPU, memory, and other essential components. It is responsible for processing and executing instructions.
4. Storage devices: These are devices used to store data and programs. Examples include hard disk drives (HDD), solid-state drives (SSD), and flash drives.
5. Communication devices: These are devices that enable computers to connect and communicate with each other or with other devices. Examples include modems, network interface cards (NIC), and routers.
In summary, the components of computer hardware include input devices, output devices, a system unit, storage devices, and communication devices.

Input devices accept data and instructions from the user:
- Input devices are hardware components that allow users to interact with a computer or electronic device by providing data and instructions.
- These devices accept input from the user and transmit it to the computer for processing.
- Some common input devices include keyboards, mice, touchscreens, scanners, microphones, and cameras.
- Input devices can be categorized into different types based on the nature of the input they accept, such as text input, audio input, video input, and image input.
- These devices play a crucial role in enabling users to communicate with computers and perform various tasks.
- Input devices are essential for activities such as typing, navigating, drawing, capturing images or videos, and providing voice commands.
- They convert physical input from the user into digital signals that the computer can understand and interpret.
- Input devices are an integral part of the human-computer interaction process and facilitate the transfer of information from the user to the computer system.

Answer:
Floppy Disk:
- A floppy disk is a type of storage medium that is made up of a circular thin plastic jacket coated with magnetic material.
- The magnetic material allows data to be written, read, and erased on the disk.
- Floppy disks were widely used in the past for data storage and transfer.
- They were typically small in size, with a diameter of 3.5 inches or 5.25 inches.
- The plastic jacket protected the magnetic material from dust and damage.
- Floppy disks were portable and could be easily inserted into a floppy disk drive for accessing the stored data.
- However, floppy disks have become obsolete in recent years due to the advent of more advanced storage technologies such as hard disks, compact disks, and DVDs.
- Floppy disks had limited storage capacity, with the most common size being 1.44 MB.
- They were commonly used for storing documents, software, and small amounts of data.
- The usage of floppy disks declined as more efficient and higher capacity storage options became available.
Other options:
- Hard Disk: A hard disk is a non-removable storage device that is used to store and retrieve digital data. It consists of rigid platters coated with a magnetic material.
- Compact Disk (CD): A compact disk is an optical storage medium that uses laser technology to read and write data. It consists of a polycarbonate plastic disc with a reflective layer.
- DVD: A DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) is an optical storage medium that has a higher storage capacity than a CD. It is used for storing movies, music, and other multimedia content.
Therefore, the correct answer is Floppy Disk.

To store more than 25 GB of data with a very high speed in less amount of time, the appropriate disk option is Blue-Ray.
Here is a detailed explanation of each option:
A: Digital Versatile
- Digital Versatile discs, commonly known as DVDs, have a storage capacity of around 4.7 GB for single-layer discs and 8.5 GB for dual-layer discs.
- DVDs are commonly used for storing movies, music, and other multimedia content.
- However, DVDs do not have the capacity to store more than 25 GB of data.
B: Compact
- Compact discs, or CDs, have a storage capacity of around 700 MB.
- CDs are commonly used for storing music, software, and other small-sized files.
- However, CDs do not have the capacity to store more than 25 GB of data.
C: Blue-Ray
- Blu-ray discs have a storage capacity of up to 25 GB for single-layer discs and 50 GB for dual-layer discs.
- Blu-ray discs are commonly used for storing high-definition movies, large-sized files, and data backups.
- With their high storage capacity and fast data transfer speeds, Blu-ray discs are suitable for storing more than 25 GB of data within a short amount of time.
D: None of the above
- This option is incorrect as Blu-ray discs fulfill the requirements mentioned in the question.
Therefore, the correct answer is c. Blue-Ray, as it is the only option that meets the criteria of storing more than 25 GB of data with a very high speed in less amount of time.

Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory (ROM) as examples of Primary Memory:
- Primary memory refers to the main memory of a computer system that is directly accessible by the CPU.
- RAM and ROM are both types of primary memory.
- RAM is a volatile memory that stores data and instructions that the CPU needs to access quickly.
- ROM is a non-volatile memory that contains firmware or software instructions that are permanently stored and cannot be modified.
- Both RAM and ROM are crucial for the functioning of a computer system.
RAM:
- RAM stands for Random Access Memory.
- It is a volatile memory that allows data to be read from and written to by the CPU.
- RAM is used to store data and instructions that are actively being used by the CPU.
- It provides fast access to data and allows for quick retrieval and modification of information.
- The contents of RAM are lost when the computer is powered off.
ROM:
- ROM stands for Read Only Memory.
- It is a non-volatile memory that stores permanent instructions or data.
- The data stored in ROM is pre-programmed during manufacturing and cannot be modified or erased by normal computer operations.
- ROM retains its contents even when the computer is powered off.
- It is used to store the firmware or software instructions that are necessary for the computer to boot up and perform basic functions.
Conclusion:
- RAM and ROM are examples of primary memory in a computer system.
- RAM is a volatile memory used for temporary storage and quick access by the CPU.
- ROM is a non-volatile memory that contains permanent instructions or data.
- Both RAM and ROM are essential for the proper functioning of a computer system.

In mathematics and digital electronics, a binary number is a number expressed in the base-2 numeral system or binary numeral system, which uses only two symbols: typically "0" (zero) and "1" (one). The base-2 numeral system is a positional notation with a radix of 2. Each digit is referred to as a bit.

Types of Software:
There are two primary types of software:
1. Application Software:
- Application software refers to programs that are designed to perform specific tasks for the user.
- It is developed to meet the needs of individuals, organizations, or specific industries.
- Examples include word processors, spreadsheets, web browsers, graphic design software, and video editing tools.
- Application software can be further categorized into general-purpose and tailor-made software.
2. System Software:
- System software is responsible for managing and controlling the computer hardware and providing a platform for running application software.
- It includes operating systems, device drivers, utility software, and programming language translators.
- Operating systems like Windows, macOS, and Linux are examples of system software.
- Utility software includes antivirus programs, disk defragmenters, and system optimization tools.
Conclusion:
The two primary types of software are application software and system software. Application software is designed to perform specific tasks, while system software manages and controls the computer hardware.

Examples of Desktop Publishing Softwares

The examples of desktop publishing software are:

• Gimp: Gimp is a free and open-source raster graphics editor, primarily used for image editing and retouching.


• Adobe Photoshop: Adobe Photoshop is a powerful raster graphics editor used for manipulating and enhancing digital photos or creating digital artwork.


• Corel Draw: Corel Draw is a vector graphics editor used for creating logos, illustrations, and other types of artwork.


• Picasa: Picasa is a free image organizer and editor that allows users to organize and edit their digital photos.

Explanation

Desktop publishing software is used to create and design various types of printed materials, such as brochures, flyers, magazines, and posters. These software tools provide users with the ability to manipulate and arrange text, images, and graphics to create visually appealing layouts.

The mentioned software examples are specifically designed for desktop publishing tasks. They offer a wide range of features and tools to assist users in creating professional-looking designs.

While spreadsheets, word processors, and presentation software are commonly used for different purposes, they are not specifically tailored for desktop publishing tasks. Therefore, options A, B, and D are incorrect in this context.

Overall, desktop publishing software plays a crucial role in graphic design and printing industries, allowing users to create visually appealing and professional-quality materials.

Generation of Computers:
The development of computers can be categorized into different generations based on their technological advancements and features. These generations mark significant improvements in terms of speed, size, and reliability of computers.
High-Level Languages:
High-level programming languages were developed to make programming easier and more accessible for users. These languages use natural language-like syntax and are closer to human-readable code. Two popular high-level languages that were developed during early computer generations are FORTRAN (Formula Translation) and COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language).
Transistors vs Vacuum Tubes:
Transistors are electronic devices that can amplify and switch electronic signals. They are smaller, more reliable, and consume less power compared to vacuum tubes. Vacuum tubes were used in the earlier generations of computers but were replaced by transistors in the later generations.
Answer:
The generation of computers that used high-level languages such as FORTRAN and COBOL and also used transistors instead of vacuum tubes is the II Generation of computers.
Key Points:
- II Generation computers were developed in the 1950s to the mid-1960s.
- They were smaller, faster, and more reliable compared to the first-generation computers.
- The use of transistors allowed for a significant reduction in the size of computers and improved their speed and efficiency.
- High-level programming languages like FORTRAN and COBOL were developed during this generation, making programming more accessible.
- FORTRAN was primarily used for scientific and engineering calculations, while COBOL was designed for business applications.
- II Generation computers introduced the use of magnetic core memory for data storage.
- Examples of II Generation computers include IBM 1401, IBM 1620, and UNIVAC 1107.
In conclusion, the II Generation of computers used high-level languages such as FORTRAN and COBOL and also utilized transistors instead of vacuum tubes, marking significant advancements in the field of computing.

Explanation:

The examples given - IBM notebooks, Pentium PCs-Pentium 1/2/3/4/Dual core/Quad core, PARAM 10000 - belong to the V Generation of computers.

Generations of Computers:

• I Generation: This generation of computers used vacuum tubes and magnetic drums for processing and storage. They were large, expensive, and consumed a lot of power.


• II Generation: This generation of computers used transistors instead of vacuum tubes, which made them smaller, faster, and more reliable.


• III Generation: This generation of computers used integrated circuits (ICs) for processing. They were smaller, faster, and more powerful than previous generations.


• IV Generation: This generation of computers used microprocessors, which combined the CPU, memory, and other components on a single chip. They were smaller, more affordable, and had better performance.


• V Generation: This generation of computers focuses on artificial intelligence and advanced technologies. They have advanced processing capabilities, natural language processing, and machine learning capabilities.

Explanation of examples:

• IBM notebooks: IBM notebooks are modern computers that belong to the V Generation.


• Pentium PCs-Pentium 1/2/3/4/Dual core/Quad core: These are processors developed by Intel, and they belong to the IV Generation of computers.


• PARAM 10000: PARAM 10000 is a supercomputer developed by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) in India. It belongs to the V Generation of computers.

Therefore, based on the examples given, it can be concluded that they belong to the V Generation of computers.

According to the functioning of computers, they are divided into three categories namely Analog, Digital, and Hybrid.
Analog Computers:
Analog computers work on continuous data and use physical quantities to represent information. They are designed to perform calculations on continuous electrical signals. Some key points about analog computers are:
- They are capable of solving complex mathematical equations and simulations.
- Analog computers are used in scientific research, weather forecasting, and engineering applications.
- They are fast and efficient in handling large amounts of data.
- Analog computers are not widely used today due to the advent of digital computers.
Digital Computers:
Digital computers work on discrete data and use binary digits (0 and 1) to represent information. They operate by processing data in a series of digital signals. Some key points about digital computers are:
- They are programmable and can perform a wide range of tasks.
- Digital computers operate on a series of logical operations like addition, subtraction, and comparison.
- They are widely used in various fields such as business, education, research, and entertainment.
- Digital computers are capable of storing and processing vast amounts of data accurately.
Hybrid Computers:
Hybrid computers combine the features of both analog and digital computers. They can work with both continuous and discrete data. Some key points about hybrid computers are:
- They are used in applications that require fast and accurate calculations along with real-time data processing.
- Hybrid computers are commonly used in scientific research, medical imaging, and control systems.
- They can handle both analog and digital signals, making them versatile in various domains.
- Hybrid computers are designed to provide the benefits of both analog and digital systems.
In conclusion, computers are categorized into analog, digital, and hybrid based on their functioning. Each category has its own unique features and applications in different fields.

To transfer data to and from digital devices at high speeds, the cabling technology commonly used is FireWire.
FireWire is a high-speed communication technology that allows for fast data transfer between devices. It is commonly used in multimedia devices such as digital cameras, camcorders, and external hard drives.
Here is a detailed explanation of why FireWire is the correct answer:
- FireWire provides a high-speed data transfer rate, making it ideal for transferring large files quickly.
- It supports hot-swapping, which means that devices can be connected or disconnected while the system is running, without the need for restarting.
- FireWire is a peer-to-peer connection, meaning that devices can communicate directly with each other without the need for a host computer.
- It is capable of providing power to connected devices, eliminating the need for external power sources.
- FireWire cables use a specialized connector that can easily be recognized by its unique shape, making it easy to differentiate from other cable types.
- FireWire is compatible with both Mac and Windows systems, making it a versatile choice for data transfer between different devices.
In conclusion, FireWire is the correct cabling technology for transferring data to and from digital devices at high speeds.

Answer:
The correct option for connecting the monitor to the computer and offering images at higher resolutions is the Video Graphics Array (VGA). Here's a detailed explanation of why VGA is the correct choice:
1. VGA Connector:
- The VGA connector is a widely used 15-pin connector that carries analog video signals between the computer and the monitor.
- It is capable of supporting resolutions up to 1920x1080 pixels, providing clear and sharp images.
2. Higher Resolutions:
- VGA is capable of delivering higher resolutions compared to other options like USB or Parallel ports.
- It can handle resolutions suitable for modern displays, including LCD and LED monitors.
3. Analog Signal:
- VGA uses analog signals to transmit video data, which allows for good color reproduction and image quality.
- This is particularly important for tasks that require accurate color representation, such as graphic design or photo editing.
4. Compatibility:
- VGA is a widely supported standard and is compatible with most computers and monitors.
- Even though newer digital interfaces like HDMI and DisplayPort have gained popularity, many devices still feature VGA ports.
5. Cost-effectiveness:
- VGA cables and connectors are relatively inexpensive compared to other options, making them a cost-effective choice for connecting monitors.
In conclusion, the Video Graphics Array (VGA) is the correct option for connecting the monitor to the computer and offering images at higher resolutions.