MCQs (One or More Correct Option): Thermodynamics | JEE Advanced - Free

Properties independent of mass are intensive properties. Hence (b) and (d) which are independent of mass are the obvious choices.

Consider the options:-
A) Combustion is always an exothermic process.
B) Decomposition of water requires energy. Hence it is endothermic.
C) Dehydrogenation is an endothermic reaction since energy is required to break the C−H bonds to convert ethane to ethylene.
D) Graphite is more stable than diamond and energy is needed to convert graphite into diamond. The extra energy that has to be provided ends up in the tetrahedral structure of diamond.

Hence options B,C and D are the right answer.

Internal energy and molar enthalpy are state functions. Work (reversible or irreversible) is a path function.

Mass independent properties (molar conductivity and electromotive force) are intensive properties.
Resistance and heat capacity are mass dependent, hence extensive properties.

ΔS _x→z = ΔS _x→y +ΔS _{y→ z} [Entropy is a state function, hence additive]

W_x→y→z =W_x→y [Work done in y → z,  is zero because it is an isochoric process].

T₁ = T₂ because process is isothermal.
Work done in adiabatic process is less than in isothermal process because area covered by isothermal curve is more than the area covered by the adiabatic curve.
In adiabatic process expansion occurs by using internal energy, hence, it decreases while in isothermal process temperature remains constant that's why no change in internal energy.

Since the vessel is thermally insulated, q = 0 Further since, P_ext = 0, so w = 0, hence ΔU = 0
Since ΔT = 0, T₂ = T₁, and P₂V₂ = P₁V₁
However, the process is adiabatic irreversible, so we can’t apply P₂V₂γ = P₁V₁γ.