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31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - NEET MCQ


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30 Questions MCQ Test - 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 for NEET 2024 is part of NEET preparation. The 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 below.
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31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 1

In the reaction ,   if the binding energies of   are respectively, a, b and c (in MeV), then the energy (in MeV) released in this reaction is [2005]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 1

requires a and b amount of energies for their nucleons to be separated.
releases c amount of energy in its formation i.e., in assembling the nucleons as nucleus.
Hence, Energy released =c – (a + b) = c – a – b

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 2

In any fission process, the ratio   [2005]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 2

Binding energy per nucleon for fission products is higher relative to Binding energy per nucleon for parent nucleus, i.e., more masses are lost and are obtained as kinetic energy of fission products. So, the given ratio < 1.

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31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 3

Fission of nuclei is possible because thebinding energy per nucleon in them [2005]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 3

Binding energy per nucleons decreases with increase in mass numbers.
The decrease of binding energy per nucleon for nuclei with a high mass number is due to increased Coulombic repulsion between protons inside the nucleus.

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 4

The binding energy of deuteron is 2.2 MeV and that of   is 28 MeV. If two deuterons are fused to form one   then the energy released is          [2006]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 4

Energy released = 28 – 2 × 2.2 = 23.6 MeV (Binding energy is energy released on formation of Nucleus)

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 5

In a radioactive material the activity at time t1 is R1 and at a later time t2, it is R2. If the decay constant of the material is λ, then [2006]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 5

Let at time t1 & t2, number of particles be N1 & N2. So,

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 6

Two radioactive substances A and B have decay constants 5λ and λ respectively. At t = 0 they have the same number of nuclei. The ratio of number of nuclei of A to those of B will be (1/e)2 after a time interval [2007]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 6

λ A = 5λ and λB = λ
At t = 0,  (N0)A = (N0)B

Given,  

According to radioactive decay,

From (1) and (2),

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 7

In a radioactive decay process, the negativelycharged emitted β -particles are [2007]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 7

In beta min us decay (β–), a neutron is transformed into a proton, and an electron is emitted from the nucleus along with antineutrino.

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 8

A nucleus AZX has mass represented by M (A, Z). If Mp and Mn denote the mass of proton and neutron respectively and B.E. the binding energy in MeV, then [2007]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 8

In the case of formation of a nucleus, the evolution of energy equal to the binding energy of the nucleus takes place due to the disappearance of a fraction of the total mass. If the quantity of mass disappearing is ΔM, then the binding energy is

BE = ΔMc2
From the above discussion, it is clear that the mass of the nucleus must be less than the sum of the masses of the constituent neutrons and protons. We can then write.


ΔM= [ZMp + (A-Z)Mn -M(A,Z)
 

Where M (A, Z)  is the mass of the atom of mass number A and atomic number Z. Hence, the binding energy of the nucleus is

BE = [ZMp + (A-Z)Mn -M(A,Z)]c2

Where N = A -Z = number of neutrons.

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 9

If the nucleus   has nuclear radius of about 3.6 fm, then    would have its radius approximately as [2007]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 9

It has been known that a nucleus of mass number A has radius R = R0A1/3,
where R0 = 1.2 × 10–15m and A = mass number

In case of  let nuclear radius be R1

and for  nuclear radius be R2

For

For

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 10

Two radioactive materials X1 and X2 have decay constants 5λ and λ respectively. If initially they have the same number of nuclei, then the ratio of the number of nuclei of X1 to that of X2 will be 1/e after a time

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 10

Let the required time be t. Then

Where N1 = number of nuclei of X1 after time t
N2 = number of nuclei of X2 after time t
N0 = initial number of nuclei of X1 and X2 each.

Now,  

λ1 = 5λ;    λ2 = λ

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 11

If M (A; Z), Mp and Mn denote the masses of the nucleus  proton and neutron respectively in units of u ( 1u = 931.5 MeV/c2) and BE represents its bonding energy in MeV, then [2008]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 11

Mass defect = ZMp + (A –Z)Mn–M(A,Z)

  ZMp + (A–Z) Mn–M(A,Z)

∴ M (A, Z) = ZMp + (A–Z)Mn

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 12

Two nuclei have their mass numbers in the ratioof 1 : 3. The ratio of their nuclear densities wouldbe [2008]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 12

Requird ratio of nuclear densities =

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 13

In the nuclear decay given below:               [2009]

 the particles emitted in the sequence are

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 13

 mass number and charge number of a nucleus remains unchanged during γ decay)

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 14

The mass of a    nucleus is 0.042 u less than the sum of the masses of all its nucleons. The binding energy per nucleon of  nucleus is nearly   

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 14

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 15

The activity of a radioactive sample is measured as N0 counts per minute at t = 0 and N0/e counts per minute at t = 5 minutes. The time (in minutes) at which the activity reduces to half its value is   [2010]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 15

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 16

The binding energy per nucleon in deuteriumand helium nuclei are 1.1 MeV and 7.0 MeV,respectively. When two deuterium nuclei fuseto form a helium nucleus the energy released inthe fusion is :

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 16

Binding energy of two 1H2 nuclei = 2(1.1 × 2) = 4.4 MeV
Binding energy of one 2He4 nucelus = 4 × 7.0 =28 MeV
∴ Energy released = 28 – 4.4 = 23.6 MeV

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 17

The decay constant of a radio isotope is λ. If A1 and A2 are its activities at times t1 and t2 respectively, the number of nuclei which have decayed during the time (t1 – t2) :

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 17

Activity is given by

Activity at time t1 is A1 =- λN1
and activity at time t2 is A2 = – l N2 As t1 > t2, therefore, number of atoms remained after time t1 is less than that remained after time t2. That is, N1 < N2.
∴ number of nuclei decayed in (t1 – t2)

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 18

The half life of a radioactive isotope 'X' is 50 years. It decays to another element 'Y' which isstable. The two elements 'X' and 'Y' were foundto be in the ratio of 1 : 15 in a sample of agiven rock. The age of the rock was estimatedto be [2011]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 18

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 19

The power obtained in a reactor using U235 disintegration is 1000 kW. The mass decay of U235 per hour is [2011]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 19

E = mc2

So, mass decay per second

(Power in watt)

and mass decay per hour =

= 4 × 10–8 kg

= 40 microgram

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 20

A radioactive nucleus of mass M emits a photonof frequency μ and the nucleus recoils. The recoilenergy will be [2011]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 20

Momentum

Recoil energy

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 21

A nucleus  emits one α-particle and two β-particles. The resulting nucleus is [2011]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 21

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 22

Fusion reaction takes place at high temperaturebecause    [2011]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 22

When the coulomb repulsion between the nuclei is overcome then nuclear fusion reaction takes place. This is possible when temperature is too high.

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 23

Two radioactive nuclei P and Q, in a given sample decay into a stable nucleolus R. At time t = 0, number of P species are 4 N0 and that of Q are N0. Half-life of P (for conversion to R) is 1 minute where as that of Q is 2 minutes. Initially there are no nuclei of R present in the sample. When number of nuclei of P and Q are equal, the number of nuclei of R present in the sample would be [2011M]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 23

Initially  P → 4N0  
             Q → N0
Half life TP = 1 min.
TQ = 2 min.
Let after time t number of nuclei of P and Q are equal, that is

⇒ t = 4 min

at t = 4 min.

or population of R

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 24

If the nuclear radius of 27Al is 3.6 Fermi, the approximate nuclear radius of 64Cu in Fermi is :      [2012]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 24

The radius of the nuclears is directly proportional to cube root of  atomic number i.e. R ∝ A1/3 ⇒ R = R0 A1/3, where R0 is a constant of proportionality

where R1 = the radius of 27Al, and A1 = Atomic  mass number of Al R2 = the radius of 64Cu and A2 = Atomic mass number of C4

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 25

A mixture consists of two radioactive materials A1 and A2 with half lives of 20 s and 10 srespectively. Initially the mixture has 40 g of Aand 160 g of A2. The amount of the two in themixture will become equal after : [2012]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 25

Let, the amount of the two in the mixture will become equal after t years.
The amount of A1, which remains after t years

The amount of A2, which remains, after t years

According to the problem N1 = N2

t = 40 s

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 26

The half life of a radioactive nucleus is 50 days.  The time interval (t2 – t1) between the time twhen 2/3 of its has decayed and the time t1 when 1/3  of it had decayed is :      [2012]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 26

        

        ...(i)

     ...(ii)

Dividing equation (i) by equation (ii)

λ (t2 - t1) = ln2

 = 50 days

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 27

A certain mass of Hydrogen is changed to Heliumby the process of fusion. The mass defect infusion reaction is 0.02866 a.m.u. The energyliberated per a.m.u. is(Given : 1 a.m.u = 931 MeV)  [NEET 2013]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 27

Mass defect Δm = 0.02866 a.m.u.
Energy = 0.02866 × 931 = 26.7 MeV

Energy liberated per a.m.u = 13.35/2 MeV        
= 6.675 MeV

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 28

The half life of a radioactive isotope ‘X’ is20 years. It decays to another element ‘Y’ whichis stable. The two elements ‘X’ and ‘Y’ were foundto be in the ratio of 1 : 7 in a sample of a thegiven rock. The age of the rock is estimated tobe [NEET 2013]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 28

The value of x is 

 t = 3T = 3 × 20 = 60
years Hence the estimated age of the rock is 60 years

t = 3T = 3 × 20 = 60 years

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 29

α-particles, β-particles and γ-rays are all havingsame energy. Their penetrating power in a givenmedium in increasing order will be   [NEET Kar. 2013]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 29

Increasing order of penetrating power : α < β < γ.
For same energy, lighter particle has higher penentrating power.

31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 30

How does the binding energy per nucleon varywith the increase in the number of nucleons  ?   [NEET Kar. 2013]

Detailed Solution for 31 Year NEET Previous Year Questions: Nuclei - 1 - Question 30

From the graph of BE/A versus mass number A  it is clear that, BE/A first increases and then decreases with increase in mass number.

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