Test: Human Body and Their Needs- 2 - Class 5 MCQ

Explanation:
The movement that does not involve muscle and joint action is the blinking of the eye.
Here's a breakdown of the movements mentioned and their involvement of muscle and joint action:
A: Kneeling down
- Involves muscle and joint action:
- Muscles in the legs, such as the quadriceps, hamstrings, and calf muscles, contract and relax to move the body down.
- The knee joint flexes and extends to allow the kneeling movement.

B: Bending of finger
- Involves muscle and joint action:
- Muscles in the hand, such as the flexor and extensor muscles, contract and relax to bend the finger.
- The finger joints, including the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint and the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint, flex and extend to allow finger movement.

C: Blinking of eye
- Does not involve muscle and joint action:
- The blinking of the eye is a reflex action controlled by the autonomic nervous system.
- The movement is mediated by the contraction and relaxation of the orbicularis oculi muscle, which is not under voluntary control.
- There is no involvement of joints in this movement.

D: None of these
- This option is not the correct answer as blinking of the eye does not involve muscle and joint action.
Therefore, the correct answer is C: Blinking of eye.

Answer:
Type of joint in our knees:
- Hinge joint
Explanation:
- The knee joint is classified as a hinge joint.
- Hinge joints allow movement in one plane only, similar to a door hinge.
- The knee joint specifically allows flexion and extension movements, like bending and straightening the leg.
- It is formed by the articulation of the femur (thigh bone) with the tibia (shin bone) and the patella (kneecap).
- The ends of the femur and tibia are covered with cartilage, which helps reduce friction and absorb shock during movement.
- Ligaments and tendons provide stability to the knee joint and connect the bones to muscles.
- The knee joint also contains synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint and helps with smooth movement.
- The hinge-like structure of the knee joint allows for walking, running, jumping, and various other lower limb movements.

The last two pairs of ribs are called Floating ribs.
Explanation:
- The rib cage is a bony structure that surrounds and protects the organs of the thoracic cavity, including the heart and lungs.
- It consists of twelve pairs of ribs, with each rib attached to the thoracic vertebrae in the back and curving around to the front of the body.
- The first seven pairs of ribs are called true ribs because they are directly attached to the sternum (breastbone) by costal cartilage.
- The next three pairs of ribs are called false ribs because they are indirectly attached to the sternum.
- The last two pairs of ribs, the eleventh and twelfth ribs, are known as floating ribs because they do not attach to the sternum or other ribs at the front of the body.
- Instead, they are only attached to the thoracic vertebrae in the back.
- Floating ribs are shorter and have a more horizontal orientation compared to other ribs.
- They provide some protection to the organs in the lower part of the thoracic cavity but are not directly involved in the movement of breathing.
- Despite being called floating ribs, they are still securely attached to the spine and provide stability to the rib cage.

Components of a Balanced Diet:
A balanced diet includes a variety of nutrients that are essential for the proper functioning of the body. The following components are considered important for a balanced diet:
1. Carbohydrates:
- Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the body.
- They provide fuel for the brain, muscles, and other organs.
- Good sources of carbohydrates include whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes.
2. Protein:
- Proteins are essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues.
- They are important for the production of enzymes, hormones, and antibodies.
- Good sources of protein include meat, fish, poultry, dairy products, beans, and legumes.
3. Fat:
- Fats are a concentrated source of energy and are necessary for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
- They provide insulation and protection for organs.
- Good sources of healthy fats include avocados, nuts, seeds, olive oil, and fatty fish.
4. Vitamins and Minerals:
- Vitamins and minerals are essential for various bodily functions and help in maintaining good health.
- They support the immune system, aid in the production of red blood cells, and promote healthy skin, bones, and teeth.
- Good sources of vitamins and minerals include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean meats.
5. Fiber:
- Fiber is important for maintaining a healthy digestive system and preventing constipation.
- It helps in regulating blood sugar levels and reducing the risk of heart disease.
- Good sources of fiber include whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes.
6. Water:
- Water is essential for hydration and helps in the transportation of nutrients throughout the body.
- It aids in digestion, regulates body temperature, and flushes out waste products.
- It is important to drink an adequate amount of water daily.
Conclusion:
A balanced diet includes a combination of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, fiber, and water. It is important to include a variety of foods from different food groups to ensure the intake of all essential nutrients for optimal health and well-being.

The Process of Developing Immunity through Inoculation:

Inoculation is a method used to introduce a weakened or killed version of a pathogen into the body to stimulate the immune system and develop immunity against the specific disease-causing agent. The process of developing immunity after inoculation is called vaccination.

Key Points:

• Vaccination: The process of developing immunity to fight against diseases after inoculation is called vaccination.


• Germs: Inoculation involves introducing weakened or killed germs into the body.


• Stimulating the immune system: The purpose of inoculation is to stimulate the immune system to recognize and remember the specific pathogen.


• Memory cells: After vaccination, the immune system produces memory cells that can quickly recognize and neutralize the pathogen if encountered in the future.


• Protection: Vaccination provides long-term protection against specific diseases by preparing the immune system to respond effectively.


• Types of vaccines: There are various types of vaccines, including live attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, subunit vaccines, and mRNA vaccines.

In conclusion, vaccination is the process of developing immunity to fight against diseases after inoculation with weakened or killed pathogens. It is a vital tool in preventing the spread of infectious diseases and protecting individuals from future infections.

Fastest Energy Source for the Body:
Glucose
- Glucose is the fastest energy source for the body because it is the primary fuel for our cells and provides quick energy.
- When consumed, glucose is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to cells throughout the body.
- It is readily available and easily metabolized by the body, making it a quick source of energy.
- Glucose can be obtained from various sources, including carbohydrates and sugars found in foods and beverages.
- Once glucose enters the cells, it is broken down through a series of chemical reactions to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the energy currency of the body.
Other Options:
- Apples: While apples contain natural sugars, they also contain fiber, which slows down the absorption of sugars and provides a more sustained release of energy. Therefore, apples do not provide the fastest energy compared to glucose.
- Milk: Milk contains lactose, a type of sugar, but it also contains protein and fat, which slows down the digestion and absorption of lactose. As a result, milk does not provide quick energy like glucose.
- Rice: Rice is a source of carbohydrates, but it requires digestion and processing before it can be converted into glucose and used for energy. Therefore, it is not as fast of an energy source as glucose.
In conclusion, glucose is the fastest energy source for the body as it is quickly absorbed, readily available, and easily metabolized to provide immediate energy.

The Number of Vertebrae in Humans
The human backbone, or spine, is made up of a series of bones called vertebrae. These vertebrae provide support and flexibility to the spine, allowing for movement and protecting the spinal cord. The number of vertebrae in humans can vary depending on certain factors, but in general, the typical number of vertebrae in an adult human is 33.
Here is a breakdown of the vertebrae in the human spine:
1. Cervical Vertebrae (C1-C7):
- These are the vertebrae located in the neck region.
- There are 7 cervical vertebrae in total.
2. Thoracic Vertebrae (T1-T12):
- These are the vertebrae located in the upper back region, below the neck.
- There are 12 thoracic vertebrae in total.
3. Lumbar Vertebrae (L1-L5):
- These are the vertebrae located in the lower back region.
- There are 5 lumbar vertebrae in total.
4. Sacral Vertebrae (S1-S5):
- These are the fused vertebrae located at the base of the spine, above the tailbone.
- There are 5 sacral vertebrae in total, which are fused together to form the sacrum.
5. Coccygeal Vertebrae (Co1-Co4):
- These are the fused vertebrae located at the very bottom of the spine, also known as the tailbone.
- There are typically 4 coccygeal vertebrae, but the number can vary.
In total, the number of vertebrae in the human spine is 33. However, it is important to note that some individuals may have variations in the number of vertebrae due to certain genetic or developmental factors.

Answer:
The protection covering over the heart and lungs is the rib cage. Here is a detailed explanation:
The rib cage:
- The rib cage is a bony structure made up of ribs and the sternum (breastbone).
- It forms a protective enclosure around the heart and lungs, helping to keep them safe from external injuries.
- The rib cage consists of 12 pairs of ribs that are attached to the vertebral column (spine) at the back and the sternum at the front.
- The ribs are curved and flexible, allowing for expansion and contraction of the chest during breathing.
- The rib cage also provides support and structure to the upper body.
Other options:
- Vertebral column: The vertebral column, also known as the spine, provides support and protection to the spinal cord. It does not directly cover the heart and lungs.
- Skull: The skull protects the brain, not the heart and lungs.
- Sinus: Sinuses are air-filled spaces within the skull. They are not directly involved in protecting the heart and lungs.
In conclusion, the correct answer is C: Rib cage as it is the protection covering over the heart and lungs.

To answer this question, we need to identify which vitamin can be produced in our body in the presence of sunlight. Let's examine each option and determine the correct answer.
A: Vitamin A
- Vitamin A is not produced in our body in the presence of sunlight.
B: Vitamin C
- Vitamin C is not produced in our body in the presence of sunlight.
C: Vitamin D
- Vitamin D is produced in our body in the presence of sunlight.
- Sunlight helps our skin produce vitamin D when it is exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation.
- When UVB rays interact with a cholesterol compound in our skin, it undergoes a series of chemical reactions that ultimately produce vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol).
D: Vitamin E
- Vitamin E is not produced in our body in the presence of sunlight.
Therefore, the correct answer is C: Vitamin D. Sunlight enables our body to produce vitamin D in the skin.