Test: Introduction To Computers- 3 - Class 5 MCQ

Why is RAM called volatile memory?
RAM (Random Access Memory) is called volatile memory because the information stored in RAM is lost when the power is turned off. This is in contrast to non-volatile memory, such as hard drives or solid-state drives, where data is retained even when the power is off.
Here are the reasons why RAM is called volatile memory:
1. Information is deleted when the power is off: RAM stores data in electronic circuits that require a constant supply of electricity to maintain their contents. When the power is turned off, the electrical charge in the RAM cells dissipates, causing the stored data to be lost. This makes RAM volatile as it cannot retain data without power.
2. Data can be retrieved: While data is lost when the power is off, RAM provides fast and temporary storage for data that the computer's processor is actively using. The data can be read from and written to at high speeds, allowing for quick access and manipulation. However, once the power is removed, the data is no longer accessible.
3. RAM is very small in size: Volatility is not related to the physical size of the RAM. RAM comes in various sizes and form factors, ranging from small modules used in personal computers to larger modules used in servers. The size of RAM does not determine its volatile nature.
4. There is no prestored programs in RAM: RAM is a type of memory that is used for temporary storage of data while the computer is running. It does not store permanent programs or files. Instead, it holds data that is actively being used by the computer's processor, allowing for quick access and execution.
In summary, RAM is called volatile memory because it loses its stored data when the power is turned off. While it provides fast and temporary storage for actively used data, it cannot retain information without a constant supply of electricity.

Statement: Which of these statements describes the ROM?

ROM stands for Read-Only Memory, which is a type of computer memory that stores data permanently and cannot be modified or erased. Here are the descriptions of the given statements:
A: ROM is non-volatile memory.
- Non-volatile memory refers to memory that retains data even when the power is turned off.
- ROM is a non-volatile memory as it retains its data even without power.
B: ROM contains information required to run application programs.
- ROM stores firmware or software instructions that are necessary for the computer system to boot and initialize various hardware components.
- This includes the basic input/output system (BIOS) or firmware required for the computer to start up and load the operating system.
C: ROM is part of primary memory.
- Primary memory refers to the main memory of a computer system that is directly accessible by the CPU.
- ROM is a type of primary memory as it stores important instructions and data that are used during the initial boot process.
Therefore, the correct answer is D: All of the above, as all the statements accurately describe ROM.

Statement A:
- Hard disk is fixed in the computer.
Statement B:
- Storage capacity of a hard disk varies between 1 GB to 60 GB.
Statement C:
- Hard disk consists of platters.
Statement D:
- Each platter requires a read/write head.
Explanation:
Based on the given statements, we need to identify the statement that is NOT true. Let's analyze each statement:
- Statement A: Hard disk is indeed fixed in the computer, so this statement is true.
- Statement B: The storage capacity of a hard disk can vary between different models, but it is not limited to just 1 GB to 60 GB. Hard disks can have much larger capacities, ranging from a few hundred GBs to several TBs. Therefore, this statement is not true.
- Statement C: Hard disks consist of one or more platters, which is true.
- Statement D: Each platter in a hard disk requires a read/write head to access and modify data, which is also true.
Therefore, the statement that is NOT true is B: Storage capacity of a hard disk varies between 1 GB to 60 GB.

Portable Storage Devices:
- Pen Drive: A pen drive, also known as a USB flash drive or thumb drive, is a portable storage device that can be easily plugged into the USB port of a computer or other compatible devices. It is small, lightweight, and can store large amounts of data. Pen drives are commonly used for data transfer and backup purposes.
- CD-ROM: A CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory) is a portable storage device that uses optical technology to read and store data. It is a compact disc that can be read by a CD-ROM drive. CD-ROMs are commonly used for storing software, music, videos, and other multimedia files.
- DVDs: DVDs (Digital Versatile Discs) are similar to CDs but have a higher storage capacity. They are portable storage devices that use optical technology to read and store data. DVDs are commonly used for storing movies, software, and other large files.
- All of these: The correct answer is D, as all of the options mentioned (pen drive, CD-ROM, and DVDs) are portable storage devices.
In conclusion, portable storage devices are devices that can be easily carried and used to store and transfer data. Pen drives, CD-ROMs, and DVDs are all examples of portable storage devices.

Storage Capacity of a 3.5-inch Floppy Disk

• A: 1.44 MB


• B: 1.44 KB


• C: 128 KB


• D: 1.44 GB

Detailed Solution

The correct answer is option A: 1.44 MB. Here's why:
- A 3.5-inch floppy disk is a storage medium that was commonly used in the past for data storage and transfer.
- The storage capacity of a 3.5-inch floppy disk refers to the amount of data that can be stored on the disk.
- The most common capacity for a 3.5-inch floppy disk is 1.44 MB (megabytes).
- Megabytes (MB) are units of digital information storage that represent approximately one million bytes.
- Bytes are the basic unit of storage in computers and other digital systems.
- The 1.44 MB capacity of a 3.5-inch floppy disk allows for the storage of various types of files, such as documents, images, and small programs.
- However, it is important to note that the actual usable capacity may be slightly less due to formatting and file system overhead.
- Options B, C, and D (1.44 KB, 128 KB, and 1.44 GB) are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the storage capacity of a 3.5-inch floppy disk.
So, the correct answer is option A: 1.44 MB.

Data Storage Capacity of CD-ROM:
CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc Read-Only Memory. It is a type of optical disc that can store digital data. The data storage capacity of a CD-ROM is as follows:
A: 700 KB
- This option is incorrect. The data storage capacity of a CD-ROM is much higher than 700 KB.
B: 750 MB
- This option is correct. The data storage capacity of a standard CD-ROM is 750 MB (megabytes). It can store a significant amount of data, including audio, video, and software files.
C: 700 GB
- This option is incorrect. The data storage capacity of a CD-ROM is not as high as 700 GB. CD-ROMs have a much lower capacity compared to modern storage devices like hard drives and solid-state drives.
D: 1600 MB
- This option is incorrect. The data storage capacity of a CD-ROM is not 1600 MB. The correct capacity is 750 MB.
In conclusion, the correct answer is B: 750 MB. CD-ROMs can store up to 750 megabytes of data.

Hardware Required to Read Data from a CD-ROM:
To read data from a CD-ROM, the following hardware needs to be installed:
1. CD-ROM Drive:
- A CD-ROM drive is an essential hardware component for reading data from a CD-ROM.
- It is a device that can read optical discs, such as CDs and DVDs.
- The CD-ROM drive uses lasers to read the data stored on the disc's surface.
2. Computer:
- A computer or any compatible device is required to connect and operate the CD-ROM drive.
- The computer should have an available drive bay for installing the CD-ROM drive.
- The computer also needs to have appropriate drivers and software to recognize and access the CD-ROM drive.
3. Power Supply:
- The CD-ROM drive requires power to operate.
- Ensure that the computer's power supply can provide sufficient power to the CD-ROM drive and other connected components.
4. Data Cable:
- A data cable is needed to connect the CD-ROM drive to the computer's motherboard.
- The most common type of data cable used for this purpose is the SATA (Serial ATA) cable.
- Ensure that the cable is properly connected to both the CD-ROM drive and the appropriate SATA port on the motherboard.
5. Mounting Hardware:
- Mounting hardware, such as screws or brackets, may be required to securely install the CD-ROM drive into the computer's drive bay.
It is important to note that CD-ROM drives are becoming less common as technology advances. Many modern computers and laptops no longer come with built-in CD-ROM drives. In such cases, external CD-ROM drives can be used, which connect to the computer via USB or other interfaces.

CD-R stands for Compact disc - Recordable.
Explanation:
CD-R is a type of compact disc that can be recorded with digital data, such as audio or video, only once. The recorded data is permanent and cannot be erased or rewritten. Here is a detailed explanation of each option:
A. Compact disc - Read: This option suggests that the CD can only be read and not recorded. However, CD-R allows recording.
B. Compact disc - Reader: This option implies that the CD is only used for reading purposes. CD-R, on the other hand, can both be read and recorded.
C. Compact disc - Recordable: This is the correct answer. CD-R stands for Compact disc - Recordable, indicating that it can be recorded with data.
D. Compact disc - Rewrite: This option suggests that the CD can be rewritten multiple times, which is not the case with CD-R.
In summary, CD-R stands for Compact disc - Recordable, indicating that it is a type of compact disc that can be recorded with digital data.

CD-RW stands for Compact Disc - Rewritable.
Explanation:
- CD-RW is a type of compact disc that can be written, erased, and rewritten multiple times.
- It is an optical disc storage medium.
- CD-RW discs are commonly used for data storage, backup, and sharing files.
- They are compatible with most CD-ROM drives and CD players.
- The "RW" in CD-RW stands for "rewritable," indicating that the disc can be written and rewritten multiple times.
- Unlike CD-R (Compact Disc - Recordable), which can only be written once, CD-RW allows for multiple recordings and erasures.
- CD-RW discs use a phase-change recording layer that can be changed from amorphous to crystalline states using a laser beam.
- CD-RW discs have a lower storage capacity compared to CD-R discs, usually ranging from 650 MB to 700 MB.
- CD-RW technology was introduced in the late 1990s and has become less popular with the rise of USB drives and cloud storage.

CD-ROM Types:

• CD-R (CD-Recordable): This type of CD-ROM can only be written on once and cannot be modified or erased after the data is burned onto it. CD-R discs are commonly used for permanent data storage.


• CD-RW (CD-Rewritable): This type of CD-ROM can be written on multiple times and allows for data to be erased and modified. CD-RW discs are often used for temporary data storage or for testing purposes.


• ROM (Read-Only Memory): This type of CD-ROM is created with data that is permanently stored during the manufacturing process. The data cannot be modified or erased. ROM discs are commonly used for distributing software or firmware.

Answer:

The type of CD-ROM that cannot be modified is the CD-R (CD-Recordable).

Storage Capacity of a DVD:
1. Definition:
A DVD, or Digital Versatile Disc, is a type of optical disc used for storing and distributing data, including movies, music, and software.
2. Types of DVDs:
There are different types of DVDs available, including DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, and DVD+RW. Each type has its own storage capacity.
3. DVD Storage Capacity:
The storage capacity of a DVD depends on various factors, such as the type of DVD, the recording format used, and the number of layers on the disc. The most commonly used DVD format is the DVD-5, which has a single layer and a storage capacity of 4.7 GB.
4. Other DVD Formats:
There are other DVD formats with higher storage capacities. Here are some examples:
- DVD-9: This format has dual layers and a storage capacity of 8.5 GB.
- DVD-10: This format has two single layers, each with a storage capacity of 4.7 GB, resulting in a total capacity of 9.4 GB.
- DVD-18: This format has dual layers on both sides of the disc, with a total storage capacity of 17 GB.
5. DVD-RAM:
DVD-RAM is another type of DVD format that is rewritable and has a higher storage capacity. DVD-RAM discs can range in storage capacity from 2.6 GB to 9.4 GB, depending on the version.
6. DVD Storage Capacity Limitations:
It's important to note that the storage capacity mentioned above is the theoretical maximum capacity of a DVD. In practice, the usable storage capacity may be slightly lower due to formatting and file system overhead.
Conclusion:
The storage capacity of a DVD depends on the type and format of the disc. The most commonly used DVD format, DVD-5, has a storage capacity of 4.7 GB. However, there are other DVD formats available with higher capacities, such as DVD-9 (8.5 GB), DVD-10 (9.4 GB), and DVD-18 (17 GB). DVD-RAM discs also offer higher storage capacities ranging from 2.6 GB to 9.4 GB.

Answer:
The correct answer is CD-RW, which stands for Compact Disc-ReWritable. CD-RW is a type of CD-ROM that is erasable, meaning it can be written to and rewritten multiple times.
Here is a detailed explanation:
1. CD-ROM: CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc-Read Only Memory. It is a type of optical disc that can store data in a digital format. The data on a CD-ROM is permanent and cannot be modified or erased.
2. CD-R: CD-R stands for Compact Disc-Recordable. It is a type of CD-ROM that allows users to write data onto it once. Once the data is written, it becomes permanent and cannot be erased or modified.
3. CD-RW: CD-RW stands for Compact Disc-ReWritable. It is a type of CD-ROM that allows users to write data onto it multiple times. The data on a CD-RW can be erased and rewritten using compatible CD-RW drives.
4. Both: Option C, "Both," is incorrect. CD-R and CD-RW are not the same. CD-R is write-once, while CD-RW is erasable and rewritable.
5. ROM: Option D, "ROM," is incorrect. ROM stands for Read Only Memory, and it refers to a type of memory that cannot be modified or erased.
In conclusion, the correct answer is CD-RW, as it is the type of CD-ROM that is erasable and allows for multiple writes and rewrites.

Hardware required to read data from a pendrive:
- USB port: The most essential hardware requirement is a USB port. A pendrive is designed to connect to a computer or other compatible devices through a USB port to transfer data.
- CD-ROM drive: This is not a hardware requirement to read data from a pendrive. CD-ROM drives are used to read data from CDs or DVDs, not pendrives.
- Floppy disk drive: This is also not a hardware requirement for reading data from a pendrive. Floppy disk drives are outdated and not compatible with pendrives.
- DVD player: Similar to CD-ROM drives, DVD players are used for reading data from DVDs, not pendrives.
Therefore, the correct answer is C: USB port. A USB port is the primary hardware requirement to read data from a pendrive.

Best Storage Device for 600 MB Music File:
Options:

A: CD-R

B: Hard disk

C: DVD

D: All of these

To determine the best storage device for a 600 MB music file, let's evaluate each option:
1. CD-R:
- CD-Rs typically have a storage capacity of 700 MB.
- As the music file is 600 MB, it can be easily stored on a CD-R.
- Therefore, a CD-R is a suitable option for storing the music file.
2. Hard disk:
- Hard disks come in various storage capacities, typically ranging from a few gigabytes to several terabytes.
- With a music file of 600 MB, even the smallest hard disk available today would have more than enough space to store it.
- Therefore, a hard disk is a suitable option for storing the music file.
3. DVD:
- DVDs usually have a storage capacity of 4.7 GB or 9 GB for dual-layer DVDs.
- As the music file is only 600 MB, it can easily fit on a DVD.
- Therefore, a DVD is a suitable option for storing the music file.
Conclusion:
- All of the given options (CD-R, hard disk, and DVD) are suitable for storing the 600 MB music file.
- Therefore, the correct answer is option D: All of these.

To find out how many times the storage capacity of a DVD is more than that of a CD-ROM, we can compare their storage capacities.
The storage capacity of a standard DVD is 4.7 gigabytes (GB), while the storage capacity of a standard CD-ROM is 700 megabytes (MB).
To calculate the difference in storage capacity, we can use the following formula:
Difference = DVD capacity - CD-ROM capacity
Difference = 4.7 GB - 700 MB
Converting GB to MB:
1 GB = 1024 MB
4.7 GB = 4.7 * 1024 MB = 4812.8 MB
Now, we can calculate the difference:
Difference = 4812.8 MB - 700 MB
Difference = 4112.8 MB
The storage capacity of a DVD is 4112.8 MB more than that of a CD-ROM.
To find out how many times the storage capacity of a DVD is more than that of a CD-ROM, we can divide the storage capacity of the DVD by the storage capacity of the CD-ROM:
Times = DVD capacity / CD-ROM capacity
Times = 4812.8 MB / 700 MB
Times = 6.875
Therefore, the storage capacity of a DVD is approximately 6.875 times more than that of a CD-ROM.
So, the correct answer is C: 25.

The invisible concentric circles on the platters are called tracks.
Tracks are one of the key components of hard disk drives (HDDs) and optical discs. They are circular paths on the platters where data is stored. Each track is divided into sectors, which are the smallest units of data storage on a disk.
Here is a detailed explanation of tracks on platters:
1. Definition: Tracks are concentric circles on the surface of the platters in a hard disk drive or an optical disc.
2. Organization: The platters in a hard disk drive are coated with a magnetic material, while optical discs use a reflective layer. These materials allow data to be written and read from the tracks.
3. Layout: The tracks are arranged in a concentric pattern, with each track representing a specific distance from the center of the platter. The innermost track is located closest to the spindle, while the outermost track is located near the edge of the platter.
4. Number: The number of tracks on a platter depends on the physical size and capacity of the disk. Higher-capacity drives typically have more tracks per platter.
5. Access: The read/write heads of the hard disk drive or the laser beam of an optical disc drive move across the tracks to access and retrieve data. The position of the read/write heads or the laser beam is controlled by the drive's firmware.
6. Track density: The density of tracks determines the storage capacity of a disk. Higher track density allows for more data to be stored on a single platter.
In conclusion, tracks are the invisible concentric circles on the platters of hard disk drives and optical discs where data is stored. They are an essential component of the storage system and play a crucial role in accessing and retrieving data.

CD-ROM vs Floppy Disks

A CD-ROM is a type of optical storage medium that can store data. It is capable of holding significantly more data than a floppy disk, which is a magnetic storage medium. To determine how many floppy disks are equivalent to the data stored in 1 CD-ROM, we need to compare their storage capacities.

CD-ROM Capacity

• A standard CD-ROM can hold up to 700 MB (megabytes) of data.

Floppy Disk Capacity

• A standard floppy disk, also known as a 3.5-inch floppy disk, has a storage capacity of 1.44 MB.

Calculating the Equivalent

• To find the number of floppy disks equivalent to 1 CD-ROM, we divide the CD-ROM capacity by the floppy disk capacity:


• 700 MB / 1.44 MB = 486.11

Answer

The data stored in 1 CD-ROM is approximately equivalent to 486 floppy disks. Therefore, the correct answer is option C: 460.

Answer:
The correct storage device that has a magnetic disc covered by a square plastic case is the floppy disk.
Here are the details:
Floppy Disk:
- A floppy disk is a type of magnetic storage device.
- It consists of a magnetic disc made of flexible material covered by a square plastic case.
- The disc inside the case is coated with a magnetic material, which stores data.
- Floppy disks were commonly used for data storage in the past, especially in the 1980s and 1990s.
- They had a limited storage capacity, usually ranging from 360KB to 1.44MB.
- Floppy disks were used for various purposes, such as storing documents, software, and bootable files.
Other options:
- Hard disk: A hard disk is a magnetic storage device, but it is not covered by a square plastic case. It is typically enclosed in a metal casing.
- Pendrive: A pendrive, also known as a USB flash drive, does not have a magnetic disc. It uses flash memory technology to store data and is typically enclosed in a small plastic or metal case.
- DVD: A DVD is an optical storage device that uses laser technology to read and write data. It does not have a magnetic disc covered by a square plastic case.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: Floppy disk.

Explanation:
The correct statement is A: We can play CD's in a DVD player.
Here is a detailed explanation:
- A CD (Compact Disc) is a digital optical disc used for storing and playing audio, video, and other data.
- A DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) is also a digital optical disc that can store larger amounts of data compared to a CD.
- A DVD player is designed to play both CDs and DVDs, making it compatible with both formats.
- On the other hand, a CD player is specifically designed to play CDs and may not be able to read DVDs.
- Therefore, it is correct to say that we can play CDs in a DVD player, but we cannot play DVDs in a CD player.
To summarize:
- CDs can be played in a DVD player.
- DVDs cannot be played in a CD player.
- A DVD player is compatible with both CDs and DVDs.
Answer: A: We can play CD's in a DVD player.

Full form of ATM: Automated Teller Machine
- ATM stands for Automated Teller Machine. It is an electronic device that allows customers to perform various banking transactions without the need for a human teller.
- ATMs are widely used for:
- Cash withdrawals: Customers can withdraw cash from their bank accounts using their ATM cards.
- Balance inquiries: Customers can check their account balance to know how much money they have in their account.
- Fund transfers: Customers can transfer funds between their own accounts or to other accounts.
- Bill payments: Many ATMs allow customers to pay their utility bills, credit card bills, or other bills directly from their bank accounts.
- Features of ATM:
- User-friendly interface: ATMs have a graphical user interface that makes it easy for customers to navigate and perform transactions.
- Security measures: ATMs are equipped with security features such as PIN (Personal Identification Number) authentication and card skimming prevention to ensure the safety of customers' transactions.
- Availability: ATMs are available 24/7, allowing customers to access their funds and perform transactions at any time.
- Advantages of ATM:
- Convenience: ATMs provide customers with the convenience of accessing their funds and performing transactions without visiting a bank branch.
- Time-saving: Using an ATM is faster compared to waiting in line at a bank branch to perform transactions.
- Accessibility: ATMs are located in various locations, making it easier for customers to find one nearby.
- Conclusion:
- ATM stands for Automated Teller Machine.
- It is an electronic device that allows customers to perform various banking transactions.
- ATMs provide convenience, time-saving, and accessibility to customers.