Olympiad Test: Living Organisms And Their Surroundings -1 - Class 6 MCQ

Global warming is primarily caused by an increase in greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere. These gases trap heat and contribute to the warming of the Earth's surface. Therefore, Saumya's statement is correct.

• Sumit's statement is incorrect because global warming is not related to an increase in the concentration of nitrogen (N₂), which is already abundant in the atmosphere.
• Sanchit's statement is incorrect because global warming is not related to an increase in oxygen (O₂) levels in the atmosphere.
• Ashi's statement is incorrect because the concentration of ozone (O₃) does not directly increase due to global warming; in fact, the depletion of the ozone layer is a different environmental issue.

Thus, the correct statement is Option A: Saumya.

Characteristics of a glass of water that mean it cannot be considered alive:

• It has no heart: A glass of water does not possess a heart, which is a vital organ found in living organisms responsible for pumping blood and distributing oxygen. Without a heart, the glass of water cannot fulfill this essential function.
• It has no arms or legs: Arms and legs are appendages typically found in living organisms, enabling them to move and perform various activities. As a glass of water lacks these appendages, it is unable to exhibit mobility or engage in any form of physical movement.
• It has no cells: Cells are the basic building blocks of life, present in all living organisms. They carry out essential functions and processes necessary for life, such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism. As a glass of water lacks cells, it cannot perform these vital functions.
• It has no tissues: Tissues are comprised of specialized cells that work together to perform specific functions in organisms. Tissues contribute to the structural organization and functioning of living organisms. As a glass of water lacks tissues, it lacks the necessary structural organization and coordination seen in living organisms.

In conclusion, a glass of water cannot be considered alive due to its lack of a heart, arms or legs, cells, and tissues. These characteristics are fundamental to the definition of life and are absent in non-living entities like a glass of water.

The process that causes this change is respiration.

When yeast, sugar, and water are mixed, yeast cells undergo respiration to break down the sugar and produce energy. This process releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) as a byproduct, which can cause bubbling or the formation of gas in the test tube. This is a form of anaerobic respiration, where sugar is broken down in the absence of oxygen to release energy.

• Growth (Option A) is not the primary cause here, as growth involves an increase in size or number of cells, not the release of gas.
• Irritability (Option B) refers to the ability to respond to stimuli, which is not relevant here.
• Reproduction (Option C) would involve the formation of new organisms or cells, which is not the case in this scenario.

Thus, the correct answer is Option D: Respiration.

Excretion, irritability (response to stimuli), and reproduction are characteristics of all animals and plants. While the specific mechanisms may differ between animals and plants, these characteristics are essential for the survival and functioning of both.

• Excretion: Both animals and plants excrete waste products (animals excrete through urine, while plants release excess oxygen or other waste through stomata).
• Irritability: Both plants and animals can respond to stimuli (animals show movement, while plants can respond to light, gravity, etc.).
• Reproduction: Both plants and animals reproduce to continue their species (animals reproduce sexually or asexually, while plants reproduce via seeds, spores, or vegetative methods).

Therefore, the correct answer is Option A: All animals and plants.

Respiration in living organisms refers to the process of obtaining energy by chemically breaking down food (mainly glucose) in the presence of oxygen to release energy. This process occurs in the cells of organisms and is known as cellular respiration. It is not just about breathing or digestion but involves a complex chemical process that takes place at the cellular level to release energy needed for various life functions.

• Option A is partially correct in the sense that oxygen is involved in cellular respiration, but it doesn't fully explain the process of respiration.
• Option B refers to photosynthesis, which is a process in plants, not respiration.
• Option D describes digestion, but respiration is a separate process involving energy production from food.

Thus, the correct answer is Option C.

Organisms dependent on the sun as a source of energy:

• Night-blooming flower: It relies on the sun for photosynthesis, which provides energy for its growth and development.
• Cave fish: Although it lives in a dark cave, it indirectly depends on the sun. This is because the debris it feeds on is derived from organic matter that is ultimately produced by photosynthesis in the surface ecosystem.

Organism not ultimately dependent on the sun:

• Underground earthworm: Earthworms obtain their energy from decomposing organic matter in the soil. They do not rely on the sun directly for energy.

Conclusion:
All organisms mentioned in the options indirectly depend on the sun for their energy needs except for the underground earthworm. The earthworm obtains its energy from the decomposition of organic matter, which is not directly linked to the sun. Therefore, the correct answer is option D: No, all the organisms are not ultimately dependent on the sun.

Organisms that obtain their food from other organisms are called consumers. Consumers depend on other organisms for their food, either by eating plants (herbivores), other animals (carnivores), or both (omnivores).

• Autotrophs (Option A) are organisms that can produce their own food, such as plants that use photosynthesis.
• Producers (Option C) are also autotrophs, such as plants and some bacteria, that produce their own food and serve as the base of the food chain.
• Scavengers (Option D) are a type of consumer that feed on dead organisms.

Thus, the correct answer is Option B: Consumer.

The green beans get their food for growth from the seed-leaves. Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Seed-leaves:

• Seed-leaves, also known as cotyledons, are the first leaves that emerge from a seed during germination.
• They are present in the embryo of the seed and contain stored food reserves.
• During germination, these stored food reserves are broken down and utilized by the seedling for growth and development.
• The food reserves in the seed-leaves provide essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, which are necessary for the seedling's growth.

2. Air:

• While air is essential for plant growth as it provides carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, in this scenario, the green beans are placed in a dark corner.
• Without light, photosynthesis cannot occur, and therefore, the seedlings cannot derive their food from the air.

3. Cotton wool:

• Cotton wool is only a medium used to provide moisture to the seeds.
• It does not provide any nutrients or food for the seedlings.
• The cotton wool helps to keep the seeds damp, creating a favorable environment for germination.

4. Water used to damp the cotton wool:

• Water is important for seed germination as it initiates the process by softening the seed coat.
• However, water alone does not provide the necessary nutrients for the seedlings.
• The seedlings require specific nutrients from the stored food reserves in their seed-leaves for growth.

In conclusion, the green beans obtain their food for growth from the seed-leaves. The stored food reserves in the seed-leaves provide the necessary nutrients for the seedlings' growth and development.

The common animals found on mountains are goat and yak.

• Goats are often found in mountainous regions, as they are well-adapted to rocky and steep terrains.
• Yaks are also native to high-altitude mountain regions, particularly in the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau, where they are used as pack animals and for their milk and wool.
• Option A (Goat and tiger): Tigers are typically found in forests, not mountain regions.
• Option B (Yak and dog): While dogs can be found in various regions, yaks are the more specific animal for mountain habitats.
• Option D (Dog and horse): Horses are found in various regions, but they are not as commonly associated with mountain environments as yaks.

Thus, the correct answer is Option C: Goat and Yak.

Respiration is the process by which organisms exchange gases with the environment. Let's analyze each statement to determine which one accurately describes respiration:

• Ananya: Animals take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. This statement is incorrect as animals take in oxygen and give off carbon dioxide during respiration.
• Sanchit: Animals take in oxygen and give off carbon dioxide. This statement is correct as animals take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide as a waste product during respiration.
• Saumya: Plants take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. This statement is correct as plants take in carbon dioxide during respiration and release oxygen as a byproduct.
• Ranchit: Plants take in oxygen and give off carbon dioxide. This statement is incorrect as plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen during respiration.

Therefore, the statement that accurately describes respiration is:
- Sanchit and Saumya: Animals take in oxygen and give off carbon dioxide, while plants take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen.
Hence, the correct answer is option B: Sanchit and Saumya.

Air is an abiotic factor of the environment. Abiotic factors are the non-living components of an ecosystem, such as air, water, temperature, sunlight, and soil. These factors influence the living organisms (biotic factors) in an ecosystem.

• Decomposer (Option A), Producer (Option B), and Consumer (Option C) are all biotic factors because they involve living organisms in the ecosystem.

Thus, the correct answer is Option D: Air.

Based on the description, if the fish in the picture has sharp teeth, it suggests that it feeds on other animals. Sharp teeth are typically an adaptation for carnivorous fish that need to catch and consume other smaller animals.

• Option A (It is a herbivore): If the fish had sharp teeth, it would likely not be a herbivore, as herbivores usually have flatter teeth suited for grinding plants.
• Option C (It uses its eyes to scare away predators): While some animals use their eyes for protection or intimidation, sharp teeth are more indicative of a carnivorous diet than an eye-based defense mechanism.
• Option D (It is able to hold its breath underwater for a long time): This statement refers to an adaptation of some animals like certain mammals (e.g., whales or seals) but is not typically associated with the fish’s structural adaptation of sharp teeth.

Thus, Option B: It has sharp teeth to feed on other animals is the correct answer.

The shape, size, and other features of plants depend on their surroundings. This includes various environmental factors such as:

• Temperature (Option B)
• Availability of water (Option C)
• Soil type (Option D)

All these factors together influence how a plant grows and develops. For example, plants in dry regions may have smaller leaves to conserve water, while those in cold regions may have adaptations to withstand freezing temperatures. Therefore, the overall surroundings, including these factors, play a significant role in determining the plant's characteristics.

Thus, the correct answer is Option A: Surroundings.

The question asks to identify the group of animals that does not breathe in the same way. Let's examine each group of animals and their breathing adaptations:
A: Water stick insect and water scorpion

• Both are aquatic insects that breathe through spiracles, small openings on their bodies that allow air to enter.

B: Tubifex worm and tadpole

• Tubifex worms are small segmented worms that live in water and obtain oxygen through their skin.
• Tadpoles are the larval stage of frogs and breathe through gills.

C: Crab and wood louse

• Both are crustaceans that have gills for breathing, which extract oxygen from water.

D: Water spider and great diving beetle

• Water spiders create a diving bell or air bubble that they carry with them underwater, enabling them to breathe.
• Great diving beetles also have a similar adaptation, where they store air under their wing covers to breathe underwater.

Therefore, the group of animals that does not breathe in the same way is B: Tubifex worm and tadpole. Tubifex worms breathe through their skin, while tadpoles breathe through gills.

Organisms refers to living creatures of various kinds, including animals, plants, fungi, bacteria, and other life forms. An organism is any individual living entity that can carry out all the basic life functions.

• Population (Option A) refers to a group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area.
• Species (Option B) refers to a group of organisms that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring.
• Animals (Option D) specifically refers to multicellular organisms in the kingdom Animalia, but "living creatures" includes more than just animals.

Thus, the correct answer is Option C: Organisms.

The correct form of adaptation among the given animals is option B: Whale with blow holes in its head. Here's the detailed explanation:
Camel: bristles on his feet

• Camels have adaptations that help them survive in desert environments, such as:
• Humps to store fat reserves for energy.
• Thick fur to protect against the harsh sun.
• Long eyelashes to keep out sand.
• However, bristles on its feet are not a recognized adaptation of camels.

Whale: blow holes in its head

• Whales have blowholes on the top of their heads, which are used for breathing.
• They can quickly inhale and exhale air without having to expose their entire body.
• This adaptation allows them to stay partially submerged in water while still breathing.

Mudskipper: lungs for breathing

• Mudskippers are unique fish that have adaptations to live in intertidal zones, where they experience both land and water environments.
• They have specialized gills that allow them to extract oxygen from the air when out of water.
• However, lungs for breathing are not a recognized adaptation of mudskippers.

Birds: compact bones

• Birds have hollow and lightweight bones that provide strength and reduce weight for flight.
• Their bones are filled with air sacs, making them more efficient for flying.
• The adaptation of compact bones helps birds to be lightweight and agile in the air.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B: Whale with blow holes in its head.

During photosynthesis, oxygen is released as a byproduct. In the process, plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (food) and oxygen. The oxygen is released into the atmosphere through small openings in the leaves called stomata.

• Option A (Carbon dioxide) is absorbed by the plant during photosynthesis, not released.
• Option B (Hydrogen) is involved in the process but is not released as a gas.
• Option C (Nitrogen) is not directly involved in photosynthesis.

Thus, the correct answer is Option D: Oxygen.

Pines, Deodar, and oak are typically found in mountainous regions. These trees are adapted to cold, high-altitude environments and are commonly found in the forests of mountains.

• Option A (Water): These trees do not grow in aquatic environments.
• Option B (Deserts): Deserts have vegetation adapted to dry conditions, but pines, deodar, and oak are not typically found in deserts.
• Option D (Plains): While oak trees can sometimes be found in plains, pines and deodar are more commonly associated with mountainous regions.

Thus, the correct answer is Option C: Mountains.

Fish absorb oxygen from water through their gills. Gills are specialized organs that allow fish to extract oxygen dissolved in water. As water passes over the gills, oxygen is absorbed, and carbon dioxide is released.

• Option A (Skin): Some fish may absorb a small amount of oxygen through their skin, but gills are the primary organs for respiration.
• Option B (Gall bladder): The gall bladder is involved in storing bile for digestion, not respiration.
• Option C (Lungs): Fish do not primarily use lungs for breathing; however, some fish (like lungfish) have lungs in addition to gills.

Thus, the correct answer is Option D: Gills.

• Option 1 (Whiskers): Dolphins do not have whiskers, so this statement is incorrect.
• Option 2 (Tail to propel forward in water): Both dolphins and fish have tails that they use to propel themselves forward in the water. This is a common characteristic.
• Option 3 (Gills to breathe): Fish have gills to breathe underwater, but dolphins are mammals and breathe through lungs, so they do not have gills.
• Option 4 (Warm-blooded): Dolphins are warm-blooded mammals, but fish are cold-blooded, so this statement is incorrect for fish.

Thus, the correct answer is Option A: Only 2, because both dolphins and fish have tails to propel themselves in water.