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IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - IIT JAM MCQ


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30 Questions MCQ Test - IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 for IIT JAM 2024 is part of IIT JAM preparation. The IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 questions and answers have been prepared according to the IIT JAM exam syllabus.The IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 MCQs are made for IIT JAM 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 below.
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IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 1

Which of the following are TRUE about the chromosome organisation in human?

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 1

Prokaryotic chromosome is made up of supercoiled DNA wrapped with non-histone proteins called nucleoid. In eukaryotes, DNA is wrapped around basic histone proteins to form chromatin fibres.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 2

Which of the following is NOT the characteristics of prokaryotic ribosomes?

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 2

Ribososmes are ribonucleoproteins, which consist of 2 components: RNA and proteins. In prokaryotes, ribosomes consist of 23S rRNA, 16S rRNA, 5S rRNA and ribosomal proteins. While in eukaryotes they consist of the 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, 5S rRNA and 5.8S rRNA and ribosomal proteins.

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IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 3

Which of the following enzymes is related to eukaryotes?

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 3

Telomerase, also called terminal transferase, is a ribonucleoprotein that adds species-dependent telomeric repeat sequences to the 3' end of chromosomes to prevent telomere shortening. A telomere is a region of repetitive sequences at each end of eukaryotic chromosomes in most eukaryotes.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 4

Following are the characteristics of prokaryotic chromosome. Choose the incorrect statements.

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 4

Protein coding genes in prokaryotes are polycistronic (multiple genes under a common promoter), have a single replication origin and a single transcription start at promoter region. Thus, none of the given options are true.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 5

Holandric genes in humans are

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 5

The genes that are carried on the Y chromosome are called holandric genes. Holandric genes can only be passed by males onto their sons; they code for ‘maleness’ but sometimes cause rare conditions like hypertrichosis pinnae and color blindness.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 6

Which of the following is an example of the multiple allelism in humans?

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 6

Three or more alternative forms of a gene (alleles) that can occupy the same locus is the condition of multiple alleles. However, only two of the alleles can be present in a single organism. For example, the ABO system of blood groups is controlled by three alleles (iA, iB, iO).

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 7

Human genome consist of 46 chromosomes that is 23 pair of homologous chromosome. What is the no. of linkage groups in humans?

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 7

Linkage group, in genetics, refers to all of the genes on a single chromosome. They are inherited as a group; that is, during cell division they act and move as a unit rather than independently. In human beings, each of the 23 pairs of homologous chromosome represent one linkage group.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 8

A diploid organism having genome of 2n-1 is an example of

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 8

Monosomy is the condition of having a diploid chromosome complement in which one chromosome lacks its homologous partner that is 2n-1. Turner syndrome is the best example with genome 45, X0.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 9

The extra embryonic membranes of the mammalian embryo are derived from

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 9

Trophoblast is the layer of cells encircling the blastocoel and the inner cell mass. The latter gives rise to the embryo. The cells of the trophoblast form the placenta and foetal membrane

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 10

During embryonic development gonads develop from the

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 10

Ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm are the three germ layers that give rise to specific tissues, organs and organ systems. Gonads, muscles, dermis, kidneys etc. develop from mesoderm. Ectoderm produces epidermis, glands, nervous system etc. Pancreas, lining of urinary bladder etc develop from endoderm.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 11

In bacterial replication primer removal from Okazaki fragments on the lagging strands is performed by

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 11

In bacteria, DNA polymerase III is the main replicating polymerase which synthesises leading as well as lagging strand. After the synthesis is complete, primers from the okazaki fragments (in lagging strand) are removed by DNA polymerase I, which consists of 3’-5’exouclease activity.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 12

5’ Untranslated region also called as 5’ UTR is the part of the DNA sequence

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 12

5’ UTR (5’ untranslated region) is the region of mRNA immediately upstream of the initiation codon or translation start site. This region is transcribed into mRNA transcript but does not code any amino acid in the corresponding protein.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 13

Choose the correct match from section A and B

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 13

Sno-RNA (small nucleolar RNA) has a role in processing and chemical modification of ribosomal RNAs.  5’ capping of RNA with 7-methyl guanosine helps in ribosome recognition of mRNA to initiate translation.DNA polymerase binds at OriC to initiate DNA replication. Transcription attenuation is a regulatory mechanism associated with tryptophan operon, whereby transcription of structural genes of tryptophan operon are controlled.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 14

Identify the INCORRECT statements.

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 14

All the statements mentioned in the question are correct except statement c. Chargaff’s laws do not apply to ssDNA and RNA and hence for ssDNA, the amount of A is not necessarily equal to T; amount of G is not necessarily always equal to C. But for dsDNA the amount of A is always equal to T; amount of G is always equal to C. Therefore in an organism (A+T)/(C+G)=variable, but (A+G)/(C+T)=1.0.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 15

Choose the INCORRECT statements about prokaryotic cells.

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 15

All the characteristics mentioned in the question i.e. semi conservative replication, inducible operons, leading and lagging stands apply to prokaryotic cells except poly-A tail. Poly-A tail, is a post-transcriptional modification exclusive to eukaryotic mRNA

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE when cations are added to a solution of DNA molecules?

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 16

When the cations are added to DNA solution, the melting temperature (Tm) of DNA increase. The reason for this is that cations have positive charge, which bind to the negative phosphate backbone of DNA, thereby shielding the negative charge, due to which DNA double helix is stabilized and its Tm increases.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 17

Given is the schematic of lac operon

Which of the following truly describe the operon structure?

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 17

Bacterial lac operon consists of three structural genes involved in transport and utilization of lactose, under the control of a common promoter.In the schematic of lac operon given in the statement; P is the promoter, lacI-repressor, O is operator which is the binding site of repressor protein, product of lac I gene.Z, Y and A form the structural genes that encode beta galactosidase, permease and transacetylase enzymes respectively.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 18

Transcription attenuation is the characteristics of

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 18

Tryptophan operon consists of 5 structural genes involved in the tryptophan synthesis, under the control of single promoter. It can be regulated by two mechanisms: (a) Tryptophan repressor ;(b) Attenuation. In addition to, regulation by the trp repressor, attenuation is also a mechanism for reducing expression of the trp operon when levels of tryptophan are high. However, rather than blocking initiation of transcription, attenuation prevents completion of transcription.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 19

A black mouse homozygous for the dominant alleles (AABB) is crossed with a yellow mouse that is homozygous recessive for the alleles (aabb). On intercrossing the F1 the F2 progeny was obtained in the following ratio: 9 Black: 3 Brown: 4 yellow: The progeny from the cross AaBb aabb are in the ratio 

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 19

9:3 :4 ratio depicts that it is the case of recessive epistasis interaction.

Gene Ac an modify the yellow precursor into brown.
Gene B can modify the brown colour into black.

Tliat means gene A is in homozygous recessive epistatic state over gene B.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 20

Epistasis is the phenomenon where the effect of one gene (locus) is dependent on the other locus. If two genes A and B control a single phenotype, which of the following is the example of recessive epistasis.

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 20

In recessive epistasis the recessive alleles at one locus (aa) mask the phenotypic expression of other gene locus (BB, Bb or bb) such epistasis is called recessive epistasis. The alleles of ‘B’ locus express themselves only when epistatic locus ‘A’ has dominant allele like AA or Aa. The phenotypic ratio is 9: 3: 4 (instead of 9:3:3:1).

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 21

Given is the hypothetical pathway for purple pigment production in flowers of sweet pea:

Recessive mutation of either gene A or B leads to the formation of white flowers. A cross is made between two parents with the genotype: AaBb × aabb. Considering that the two genes assort independently, the phenotypes of the expected progenies are

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 21

AAbb (white or colourless flower) x aaBB (white or colourless flower)
→ So. it is the case of complimentary gene interaction in which two genes A and B control the pigment colour of the flowers of sweet pea.
So. when mutation is present in one of alleles of both genes then complementation occurs and purple pigmentation is produced.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 22

In a meiotic division if non-disjunction occurs at second division, what would be the expected gametes if ‘n’ represents the haploid number of chromosomes.

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 22

Non-disjunction at second division produces both normal and aneuploid gametes.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 23

A three point testcross was made involving three genes A, B, C. The most abundant progenies are ABc and abC genotypes while the rarest progenies genotypes are ABC and abc respectively. Find the CORRECT gene order.

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 23

In a three point test cross, the most abundant progenies represent the parental genotypes, while the rarest progenies are the product of the double cross over between the genes. So comparing the two genotypes the gene order can be explained as  A-C-B.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 24

A cross was made between Hfr met+ arg+ leu+ strSX F- met-arg-leu-strr in which leu+ exconjugants are selected. If the linear organization of the genes are leu+arg+ met+, which one of the following genotypes is expected to occur in the highest frequency?

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 24

Genes that are close to point of the origin (O) transfer first to the recipient cells, so highest frequency in the populations.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 25

Hardy Weinberg’s equilibrium for a locus with two alleles p and q is mathematically defined as P2+ Q2+ 2PQ = 1. Which of the following equations represents the corresponding equilibrium for a locus with three alleles p, q and r? (P, Q, R represents the frequencies of p, q, and r respectively) 

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 25

The Hardy–Weinberg equation for three alleles, p, q and r respectively is represented by  P+ Q+ R = 1. Then the frequencies of the genotypes are given by
(P + Q + R)2 = P2 + Q2 + R2 + 2PQ + 2PR + 2PQ = 1

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 26

Triticale a synthetic polyploidy is a hybrid formed by

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 26

Triticale is  aman made improved variety of wheat.  An allopolyploid, obtain from the cross between tetraploid wheat and a diploid rye plant that obtained a hexaploid wheat triticale.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 27

Which statement is correct about Nieuwkoop’s centre?

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 27

Dorsal most vegetal endodermal cells  consist of Nieuwkoop’s centre which induce the dorsal most mesodermal cells to form dorsal lip of blastopore

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 28

Tick the statements, which are correct for PTTH/Brain hormone?
(A) It stores in corpora allatum
(B) It acts on prothoracic gland to activate ecdysone
(C) It is secreted by neuro-secretory cells
(D) None of  the above

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 28

PTTH is secreted by neuro-secretory cells of brain and stores into Corpora cadiacum, which releases it at some appropriate time.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 29

Grey crescent is the area

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 29

Grey crescent is the area just opposite to the site of entry of sperm into ovum. It marks the future dorsal side of the embryo.

IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 30

Which of the following is female gametophyte in Angiosperms?

Detailed Solution for IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 3 - Question 30

Embro sac which consist of 7 haploid cells and 8 nuclei represents the female gametophyte generation in angiosperm plant.

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