IIT JAM Biotechnology Mock Test 7 - IIT JAM MCQ

System is in equilibrium when net force on system = 0
Equating X components

Based on the ionization constants, the most acidic amino acid is aspartate and most basic amino acid is arginine

Collagen mutations result in osteogenesis imperfecta. Collagen is composed of three polypeptide chains, which wind around one another into a triple helix stabilised by covalent cross-linkages. Collagen is composed of regular arrangement of Gly-Pro-X, where X can be any amino acid. Glycine side chain is the only one that is small enough to fit into the centre of the triple helix. The angle of the proline residue enables the polypeptide chains to fold into the triple helical structure. People with osteogenesis imperfecta have bones that fracture easily, often from mild trauma.

Earliest life on earth originated in oceans but within oceans, life likely originated in and around deep hydrothermal vents. It is because the temperature and catalytic properties of rock materials around vents helped in formation of early self - replicating molecules.

The bacterial DNA is methylated immediately after replication and this methylated DNA is not a substrate of restriction endonucleases and hence is spared from digestion.

YAC or yeast artificial chromosome has highest capacity for taking inserts.

Chickenguniya is caused by a virus while all other diseases are caused by protozoal pathogens.

Here two forces are acting-one is tension and other is gravitational force. Only gravitational force contributes in net work done.



= 3/2 mgR

Regular hexagon makes 6 equilateral triangles

The graph represents a function f(x) = x i.e. y = x

Carnosine and aspartame are dipeptides. Carnosine is used as antioxidant in muscle cell and aspartame is an artificial sweetner. Glutathione is a tripeptide and acts as antioxidant and universal reductant. Collagen is a polymer.

The ability to act as both acid and base at the physiological pH depends upon pKR of the side chain of amino acid. pK_R of histidine is close to physiological pH. Thus it is most likely to act as acid as well as base or proton donor as well as proton acceptor.

pH = pKa + log [acetate]/[acetic acid] = 4.76 + log (0.2/0.1)
= 4.76 + 0.30
= 5.1.

On dilution, pH of buffer solution remains unchanged because the ratio of concentration of salt and acid (or base) remains unchanged.

During evolution of life correct chronological order is
a. Organic molecules
b. Self-replicating molecules
c. Natural selection
d. Prokaryotic cell
e. Eukaryotic cell

Each and every molecule of O₂ in current atomsphere of earth comes from the splitting of H₂O due to light radiation and reactions. This process is also called as oxygenic photosynthesis.

Complex eukaryotic cells evolved as efficient pathways of aerobic metabolism developed. The efficiency was with respect to energy utilization so that a limited amount of energy can be used for increasingly large number of tasks of body of complex multicellular eukaryotic life.

Hybridoma technology is a method of producing large number of identical antibodies, called monoclonal antibodies. The process starts with injecting a mouse with an antigen, this provokes an immune response. The B-cells produce antibodies that bind to the injected antigen. These B-cells are harvested from the mouse and fused with immortal B-cell (a myeloma) to produce a hybrid cell line called a hybridoma.

MHC class II molecules bind to peptides derived from the proteins degraded in the endocytic pathway. MHC class I molecules bind peptides generated mainly from the degradation of cytosolic proteins by the proteasome. Transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) protein complex belongs to the ATP-binding-cassette transporter family. It delivers cytosolic peptides into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where they bind to nascent MHC class I molecules.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a gram negative bacteria and mostly affects dicot plants but can rarely affect monocot plants.

As dideoxynucleotides lead to the chain termination, so immediately after binding of ddNTPs no other nucleotide would bind. Hence, all products would be one nucleotide longer than the primer.

The topological features of DNA can affect all except sedimentation. However, if ethidium bromide (EtBr) is added to different topological forms, it may lead to a change.