UPSC Previous Year Questions: Historical Development of the Constitution

Explanation:
The distribution of powers between the Centre and the States in the Indian Constitution is based on the scheme provided in the Government of India Act, 1935. This Act provided for a federal structure in India, with a clear demarcation of powers between the central and provincial governments. The Constitution of India has adopted this scheme with some modifications, which has resulted in a federal structure with a strong unitary bias. The powers are divided into three lists - Union List, State List, and Concurrent List. While the Union List consists of subjects on which only the central government can legislate, the State List consists of subjects on which only the state governments can legislate. The Concurrent List contains subjects on which both the central and state governments can legislate.

B is the correct option.Economic, Justice', as one of the objectives of the Indian Constitution, has been provided in the Preamble and Directive Principles.

Statement 1 is not true as a Constitutional government is that government, which is elected by public of the country through an election process.It can  Place effective restrictions on the Authority of the State in the interest of individual liberty(the restrictions must be reasonable)
Moreover, The Head of the State has limited powers i.e power and authorities provided by constitution, which will be limited.

The correct option is D.

s: Anti-Defection Law is contained in the Tenth Schedule of the Constitution, which was introduced by the 52nd Amendment in 1985 during the tenure of Rajiv Gandhi. Earlier, the 10th schedule was related to association of Sikkim with India.

The Constituent Assembly was a body of representatives composed for the purpose of drafting and adopting the constitution. Many committees were constituted for this purpose. The most important one being the Drafting Committee as it was tasked with wording the Constitution. The Committee was set up on 29 August 1947 under the chairmanship of Dr. BR Ambedkar. Its members were N Gopalaswamy Ayyangar, Krishnaswamy Ayyar, Dr. K M Munshi, Syed Mohammad Saadullah, B L Mitter, N Madhava Rau, D P Khaitan, T T Krishnamachari.

The first central legislative assembly constituted in the year 1919.

The Preamble to the Indian Constitution is based on the ‘Objectives Resolution’, drafted and moved by Pandit Nehru before the Drafting Committee of the Constitution and adopted by the Constituent Assembly. It has been amended by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act (1976), which added three new words—socialist, secular and integrity.

The Constitution Assembly set up a Drafting Committee under the Chairmanship of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar  on 29 August, 1947 to prepare a Draft Constitution for India. The Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949 and came into force on 26 January 1950.

The Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November 1949 and came into force on 26th January 1950. This date was chosen so as to commemorate the idea of Purna Swaraj put forth by Nehru in 1928.

Sarojini Naidu was the first women Governor of a State in free India. She was the first governor of Uttar Pradesh.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar called Article 32 of the Indian Constitution i.e. Right to Constitutional remedies as ' the heart and soul of the Constitution'.It was made so because mere declaration of the fundamental right without an effective machinery for enforcement of the fundamental rights would have been meaningless. Also, a right which does not have a remedy is a worthless declaration. Thus, the framers of our constitution adopted the special provisions in the article 32 which provided remedies to the violated fundamental rights of citizen.

A is the correct option.The Constitution of India was drafted by the Constituent Assembly, and it was implemented under “the Cabinet Mission Plan” on 16 May 1946. The members of the Constituent Assembly were elected by the provincial assemblies by a single, transferable-vote system of proportional representation.

Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar popularly known as Dadasaheb was an independence activist, the President of the Central Legislative Assembly, then Speaker of the Constituent Assembly of India, and later the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. Mavalankar remained the President of the Central Legislative Assembly till the midnight of August 14–15, 1947 when, under the Indian Independence Act 1947, the Central Legislative Assembly and the Council of States ceased to exist and the Constituent Assembly of India assumed full powers for the governance of India. Just after independence, Mavalankar headed a committee constituted on August 20, 1947 to study and report on the need to separate the Constitutionmaking role of the Constituent Assembly from its legislative role.

The Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November 1949 and came into force on 26th January 1950. This date was chosen so as to commemorate the idea of Purna Swaraj put forth by Nehru in 1928.

The Government of India Act, 1935 exercised the most profound influence in framing the Indian Constitution. It served as the blueprint for the Indian Constitution, and many features of the Indian Constitution, such as the federal structure, division of powers, and the inclusion of emergency provisions, were borrowed from this Act. Though the Indian Constitution also drew inspiration from other constitutions like the British, US, and Irish Constitutions, it was the Government of India Act, 1935 that had the most significant impact on its formation.