Test: Indian National Movement - 3 - UPSC MCQ

The act had provisions of imprisonment without trial and summary procedures for trial.

1st and 3rd are correct.

- The Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress in 1929 is significant for passing a resolution demanding complete independence from British rule.
- The rift between extremists and moderates was not resolved during this session; it had already been settled earlier (Lucknow Pact -1916)
- A resolution rejecting the two-nation theory was not passed at this session; this concept gained prominence later.
- Therefore, only the first statement is correct.

He exposed the economic exploitation of India by the British.

Mahatma Gandhi undertook fast unto death in 1932, against Ramsay Macdonald Announcement of the Communal Award.

The parties established by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar were -All India Scheduled Castes Federation and the Independent Labour Party.

Because Indian National Congress did not want to include social reforms in its deliberations and decided to form a separate body for such a purpose.

The Congress ministries resigned in October and November 1939, in protest against Viceroy Lord Linlithgow's action of declaring India to be a belligerent in the Second World War without consulting the Indian people.

Nehru Report did not provide for separate electorates for any community or weightage for minorities, but yes it talks of Joint electorates. It also talks for Bills of Rights.

Usha Mehta (March 25, 1920 – August 11, 2000) was a renowned Gandhian and freedom fighter of India. She is also remembered for operationalizing the Congress Radio, also called the Secret Congress Radio, an underground radio station, which functioned for few months during the Quit India Movement of 1942.

The statement a is incorrect because from Ruskin’s writing Gandhi derived the message that “the job of a lawyer is equal to a job of a barber, and both have right to earn their livelihood”. Statement b is correct because Gandhi clearly mentioned in one of his writing that The good of individual is contained in the good of all, this is something which inspired him to translate the book into “Sarvodaya”.
Statement c is incorrect, what Gandhi derived from this book was of a “life of labour” and not life of celibacy. Celibacy or Brahamcharya was something which actually came out of his own guilt beginning as early as the days of death of his father”.

However, a famine had struck the district and a large part of Gujarat, and virtually destroyed the agrarian economy.
The poor peasants had barely enough to feed themselves, but the British government of the Bombay Presidency insisted that the farmers not only pay full taxes, but also pay the 23% increase stated to take effect that year.

On August 8, 1942 the Quit India Resolution was passed at the Bombay session of the All India Congress Committee and here Gandhi made a call to participate people in non-violent way. It’s worth noting that the communists had opposed this movement and it virtually damaged the labour movement. Labour Unions under Communist influence had apparently decided against participation in the movement, there were large-scale strikes in mills at Kanpur, Jamshedpur and Ahmedabad. There was an indifference of the Labour Class, so the statement d is correct. The First statement in this question needs to be looked into. The Quit India Movement was basically promoted a nonviolent and noncooperative movement but it was not a non-violent. There were various events in which Police station, Railway Stations, Railway Lines and PostOffices were burnt and destroyed.

The "Bombay Manifesto" signed in 1936 by twentyone Bombay businessmen, contained an open indictment of Nehru's preaching of socialist ideals, which were deemed prejudicial to private property and to the peace and prosperity of the country.

In March 1942, a mission headed by Stafford Cripps was sent to India with constitutional proposals to seek Indian support for the war by British PM, Winston  Churchill.

The Karachi session was presided by Sardar Patel.
The congress adopted a resolution on Fundamental Rights and Economic Policy which represented the Party's Social, Economic and Political programme. It was later known as Karachi Resolution. Nehru had originally drafted it, but some Congress leaders thought it was too radical and it was redrafted.

Statement 1 is incorrect as it was Raj Kumar Shukla who requested Gandhi to come to Champaran to investigate the problems of peasants. Gandhi’s colleagues in this movement were JB Kriplani, Rajendra Prasad, Mazhar-ulHaq, Mahadeo Desai, and Narhari Parekh.

The government’s decision to partition Bengal was made public in December, 1903.The official reason given was that Bengal with a population of 78 million was too big to be administered. The government announced partition in July 1905. To boycott this, on Aug 7, 1905, formal proclamation of Swadeshi movement was made from the Calcutta townhall.

“In the last years of the war, Rajagopalachari was instrumental in negotiations between Gandhi and Jinnah.
In 1944, he proposed a solution to the Indian Constitutional tangle. He prepared a formula for Congress-League cooperation. It was a tacit acceptance of the League’s demand for Pakistan. Gandhi supported the formula. But Jinnah was in favour of two-nation theory only.

Dada Bhai Naoroji presided over the INC session at Calcutta in 1906 in which a resolution supporting the programme of swadeshi, boycott and national education was passed. Ras Behari Ghosh presided over the Surat session in 1907 in which congress was split into moderates and extremists.