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UPSC Exam  >  UPSC Test  >  Geography CSE  >  Test: Indian Monsoon - UPSC MCQ

Indian Monsoon - Free MCQ Practice Test with solutions, UPSC Geography


MCQ Practice Test & Solutions: Test: Indian Monsoon (10 Questions)

You can prepare effectively for UPSC Geography for UPSC CSE with this dedicated MCQ Practice Test (available with solutions) on the important topic of "Test: Indian Monsoon". These 10 questions have been designed by the experts with the latest curriculum of UPSC 2026, to help you master the concept.

Test Highlights:

  • - Format: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
  • - Duration: 12 minutes
  • - Number of Questions: 10

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Test: Indian Monsoon - Question 1
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Assess the following statements about the Indian monsoon:

  1. The Indian monsoon, in contrast to the trade winds, is not steady; it exhibits pulsations in nature.
  2. Monsoon rainfall tends to decrease with distance from the sea.
  3. Monsoonal rainfall is largely controlled by relief or topography.

How many of the statements above are correct?

Detailed Solution: Question 1

Monsoonal rainfall is characterized by sudden increase around monsoon arrival time, continuing constantly for several days ('burst' of monsoon). The monsoon is pulsating in nature, affected by different atmospheric conditions. Monsoonal rainfall is largely governed by relief or topography; northeastern states receive heavy rainfall from hill ranges and Eastern Himalayas. Rainfall has declining trend with increasing distance from sea (Kolkata 119 cm, Delhi 56 cm).

Test: Indian Monsoon - Question 2
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Examine these three regions of India: 1. Konkan Coast, 2. Western Rajasthan, and 3. Western Ghats. Arrange the above regions in ascending order of variability of rainfall.

Detailed Solution: Question 2

Rainfall variability in India computed using Coefficient of Variation = (Standard Deviation/Mean) × 100. Less than 25% variability exists on western coasts (Malabar), Western Ghats, northeastern Peninsula, eastern Ganga plains, northeastern India, with annual rainfall over 100 cm. Over 50% variability in western Rajasthan, northern Jammu-Kashmir, interior Deccan plateau with less than 50 cm annual rainfall. Rest of India (25-50% variability) receives 50-100 cm annual rainfall. Konkan Coast least variable; Western Rajasthan most variable.

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Test: Indian Monsoon - Question 3
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Consider the following pairs: Local winds  and their Region
1. Mango showers : Coastal Karnataka
2. Blossom showers : Kerala
3. Aandhi : Central India
4. Kal Baisakhi : Assam

How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

Detailed Solution: Question 3

1. Mango showers – Coastal Karnataka is correct.
These are pre monsoon showers occurring in Kerala and coastal Karnataka and help in the early ripening of mangoes.

2. Blossom showers – Kerala is correct.
These showers are important for coffee plantations and are commonly experienced in Kerala and adjoining areas.

3. Aandhi – Central India is incorrect.
Aandhi refers to dust storms and thunderstorms that are most characteristically associated with North Western India, especially Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana and Delhi. Although such storms may occur in parts of Central India like Madhya Pradesh, that region is not their primary or defining area.

4. Kal Baisakhi – Assam is incorrect.
Kal Baisakhi, also known as Norwesters, are intense pre monsoon thunderstorms mainly associated with West Bengal and Bangladesh. They are not primarily linked with Assam in standard geographical classification.

Henc e, Correct  answer : Only two pairs are correctly matched

Test: Indian Monsoon - Question 4
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Which of the following is not correct regarding the El Nino?

Detailed Solution: Question 4

El Niño ('The Little Boy' Spanish) means warmer ocean waters. Under normal conditions, trade winds blow east-west pushing warm surface waters toward Asia allowing cooler water to rise South American coast. El Niño occurs every 2-7 years when trade winds weaken/reverse causing warm water buildup central-eastern Pacific disrupting oceanic-atmospheric circulation. Since 1950, 16 El Niño years; 7 impacted Indian monsoon with below-normal rainfall. Some years show normal rainfall due simultaneous Indian Ocean Dipole occurrence.

Test: Indian Monsoon - Question 5
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Consider the following statements: 1. Tibetan High 2. Somali Jet 3. Mascarene high Which of the above have an implication on the Indian Monsoon?

Detailed Solution: Question 5

Tibetan High is warm anticyclone over Tibetan Plateau at 300 hPa, centered 30°N, 90°E, extending 70°E-110°E. Outflow winds concentrate into easterly jet stream near Chennai at 150 hPa in July. Mascarene High is high-pressure area around Mascarene Islands responsible for cross-equatorial flow through South Arabian Sea. Somali Jet is low-level inter-hemispheric flow originating near Mauritius, reaching Kenya coast, moving into Arabian Sea and reaching India's west coast in June.

Test: Indian Monsoon - Question 6
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Evaluate the following statements about the Indian Monsoon:

  1. In contrast to the trade winds, the monsoon winds are seasonal and exhibit pulsating behavior driven by various atmospheric conditions.
  2. Monsoon rainfall generally declines as you move inland, away from coastal regions.
  3. The distribution and intensity of monsoonal rainfall in India are strongly influenced by geographical features such as mountains and plateaus.
  4. The onset of the monsoon is gradual, whereas its withdrawal is abrupt and occurs over a shorter duration.

Which of the statements above are correct?

Detailed Solution: Question 6

The climate of India is strongly influenced by monsoon winds, a seasonal reversing wind with corresponding precipitation changes. Monsoons are affected by differential heating of land and water, shift of Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), high-pressure area east of Madagascar, and heating of Tibetan plateau. Monsoon winds are seasonal and pulsating, exhibiting breaks and fluctuations. Rainfall decreases inland from coastal regions. Geographical features significantly influence monsoonal rainfall distribution.

Test: Indian Monsoon - Question 7
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With regard to the season of retreating monsoon, evaluate the following statements: 1. The low-pressure trough over the Ganga plain begins to move southward during the season. 2. A combination of clear skies, high temperature, and moist land causes October heat in northern India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Detailed Solution: Question 7

October and November are retreating monsoon months (North-East Monsoons). By September's end, southwest monsoon weakens as Ganga plain's low-pressure trough moves southward with sun's southward march. Monsoon retreats from western Rajasthan first week September, withdrawing from Rajasthan, Gujarat, Western Ganga plain, Central Highlands by month's end. Retreating season marked by clear skies and temperature rise; land still moist causing oppressive weather ('October heat'). Diurnal temperature range increases lacking cloud cover.

Test: Indian Monsoon - Question 8
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How many of the statements listed above about the Arabian Sea Mini Warm Pool (MWP) are correct?

  • It forms in the Bay of Bengal near the Andhra coast.
  • It cools the sea surface before the onset of the Indian Summer Monsoon.
  • A warm pool is characterised by very low sea surface temperatures.

Detailed Solution: Question 8

Arabian Sea Mini Warm Pool (MWP): distinct recurrent area unusually high sea surface temperatures (28°C+) southeastern Arabian Sea (near Kerala), forming prior southwest monsoon onset. Linked to monsoonal triggering/sustaining, inter-annual rainfall variability. Enhanced evaporation/moisture creates convection/monsoon favorable conditions. Climatologically important for regional climate, storm formation, rainfall intensity.

Test: Indian Monsoon - Question 9
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With reference to Indian Geography, '2-System Interaction' was recently seen in news is related to:

Detailed Solution: Question 9

Catastrophic rainfall in north India resulted from confluence of two weather systems: monsoon trough and active western disturbance called '2-System Interaction'. Western disturbances originate north Pakistan/Afghanistan; low pressure areas from Bay of Bengal; moisture-laden Arabian Sea winds push systems northward. Monsoon trough encourages thermal low development over north/northwest India, intensified by additional circulations drawing Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal moisture.

Test: Indian Monsoon - Question 10
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Consider the following statements: 1. A monsoon depression is a cold-core system at the surface and in the lower levels, with a warm core in the upper levels. 2. Due to the low vertical wind shear present during the southwest monsoon season, monsoon depressions generally do not intensify into cyclonic storms. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Detailed Solution: Question 10

A: 1 only

Statement 1 is correct. A monsoon depression is a large synoptic-scale low embedded in the monsoon trough; it is characteristically a cold-core in the lower troposphere (surface/lower levels) with a relative warm core in the upper troposphere due to latent-heat release aloft. These systems have a broad horizontal scale of the order of about 1,000 km and extend up to the mid-troposphere; their strongest winds occur in the lower troposphere near 700-850 hPa (≈0.9-1.5 km).

Statement 2 is incorrect. The reason monsoon depressions generally do not intensify into deep tropical cyclones is not because of low shear but because of relatively high vertical wind shear and their large, shallow structure that prevents tight core consolidation. High shear disrupts vertical alignment and inhibits the development of a deep, warm-core tropical cyclone. (If vertical shear becomes low and other conditions-sufficient sea-surface temperature, moisture and upper-level outflow-are met, a monsoon depression can occasionally deepen into a cyclonic storm.)

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About this UPSC Practice Test

This test contains 10 MCQs on Indian Monsoon with detailed solutions for each question. It is part of the Geography for UPSC CSE course on EduRev, designed to align with the current UPSC syllabus. Each solution explains not just the correct answer but also gives you an understanding of the topic — not just to attempt the question but also help you prepare for the exam with practice.

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