Test: Reading Comprehension - 4 - Grade 10 MCQ

Read the passage carefully:

1. Think about all the factors that can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to unexpected challenges, such as illnesses. It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes elusive. While you might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day. Try to limit the difference in your sleep schedule on weeknights and weekends to no more than one hour. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed. Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours to bedtime. Your discomfort might keep you up. Don’t drink caffeine before sleep. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can wreak havoc on quality sleep. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.
2. Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of lightemitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep. Long daytime naps can interfere with night-time sleep. If you choose to nap, limit yourself to up to 30 minutes and avoid doing so late in the day. If you work nights, however, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. Avoid being active too close to bedtime; however, spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. Describe an ideal sleeping environment.

Read the passage carefully:

1. Think about all the factors that can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to unexpected challenges, such as illnesses. It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes elusive. While you might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day. Try to limit the difference in your sleep schedule on weeknights and weekends to no more than one hour. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed. Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours to bedtime. Your discomfort might keep you up. Don’t drink caffeine before sleep. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can wreak havoc on quality sleep. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.
2. Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of lightemitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep. Long daytime naps can interfere with night-time sleep. If you choose to nap, limit yourself to up to 30 minutes and avoid doing so late in the day. If you work nights, however, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. Avoid being active too close to bedtime; however, spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. Name one calming activity you can do before bedtime.

Read the passage carefully:

1. Think about all the factors that can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to unexpected challenges, such as illnesses. It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes elusive. While you might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day. Try to limit the difference in your sleep schedule on weeknights and weekends to no more than one hour. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed. Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours to bedtime. Your discomfort might keep you up. Don’t drink caffeine before sleep. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can wreak havoc on quality sleep. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.
2. Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of lightemitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep. Long daytime naps can interfere with night-time sleep. If you choose to nap, limit yourself to up to 30 minutes and avoid doing so late in the day. If you work nights, however, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. Avoid being active too close to bedtime; however, spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. Regular physical activity can ____________ better sleep.

Read the passage carefully:

1. Think about all the factors that can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to unexpected challenges, such as illnesses. It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes elusive. While you might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day. Try to limit the difference in your sleep schedule on weeknights and weekends to no more than one hour. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed. Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours to bedtime. Your discomfort might keep you up. Don’t drink caffeine before sleep. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can wreak havoc on quality sleep. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.
2. Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of lightemitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep. Long daytime naps can interfere with night-time sleep. If you choose to nap, limit yourself to up to 30 minutes and avoid doing so late in the day. If you work nights, however, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. Avoid being active too close to bedtime; however, spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. What should we have before going to bed?

Read the passage carefully:

1. Think about all the factors that can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to unexpected challenges, such as illnesses. It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes elusive. While you might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day. Try to limit the difference in your sleep schedule on weeknights and weekends to no more than one hour. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed. Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours to bedtime. Your discomfort might keep you up. Don’t drink caffeine before sleep. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can wreak havoc on quality sleep. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.
2. Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of lightemitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep. Long daytime naps can interfere with night-time sleep. If you choose to nap, limit yourself to up to 30 minutes and avoid doing so late in the day. If you work nights, however, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. Avoid being active too close to bedtime; however, spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. You should ____________ heavy meals hours before bedtime.

Read the passage carefully:

1. Think about all the factors that can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to unexpected challenges, such as illnesses. It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes elusive. While you might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day. Try to limit the difference in your sleep schedule on weeknights and weekends to no more than one hour. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed. Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours to bedtime. Your discomfort might keep you up. Don’t drink caffeine before sleep. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can wreak havoc on quality sleep. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.
2. Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of lightemitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep. Long daytime naps can interfere with night-time sleep. If you choose to nap, limit yourself to up to 30 minutes and avoid doing so late in the day. If you work nights, however, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. Avoid being active too close to bedtime; however, spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. We should not go to bed feeling ____________.

Read the passage carefully:

1. Think about all the factors that can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to unexpected challenges, such as illnesses. It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes elusive. While you might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day. Try to limit the difference in your sleep schedule on weeknights and weekends to no more than one hour. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed. Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours to bedtime. Your discomfort might keep you up. Don’t drink caffeine before sleep. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can wreak havoc on quality sleep. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.
2. Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of lightemitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep. Long daytime naps can interfere with night-time sleep. If you choose to nap, limit yourself to up to 30 minutes and avoid doing so late in the day. If you work nights, however, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. Avoid being active too close to bedtime; however, spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. Choose the option that CORRECTLY states the two correct aspects related to a good night’s sleep as stated in the passage.
1. you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep
2. book a room for sleeping
3. eat just before going to bed for a good sleep
4. go to bed and get up at the same time every day
5. long day time naps are for a good night sleep

Read the passage carefully:

1. Think about all the factors that can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to unexpected challenges, such as illnesses. It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes elusive. While you might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day. Try to limit the difference in your sleep schedule on weeknights and weekends to no more than one hour. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed. Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours to bedtime. Your discomfort might keep you up. Don’t drink caffeine before sleep. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can wreak havoc on quality sleep. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.
2. Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of lightemitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep. Long daytime naps can interfere with night-time sleep. If you choose to nap, limit yourself to up to 30 minutes and avoid doing so late in the day. If you work nights, however, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. Avoid being active too close to bedtime; however, spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. Which of the following words means the same as ‘inspiring’?

Read the passage carefully:

1. Think about all the factors that can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to unexpected challenges, such as illnesses. It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes elusive. While you might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day. Try to limit the difference in your sleep schedule on weeknights and weekends to no more than one hour. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed. Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours to bedtime. Your discomfort might keep you up. Don’t drink caffeine before sleep. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can wreak havoc on quality sleep. Create a room that’s ideal for sleeping. Often, this means cool, dark and quiet.
2. Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of lightemitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep. Long daytime naps can interfere with night-time sleep. If you choose to nap, limit yourself to up to 30 minutes and avoid doing so late in the day. If you work nights, however, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt. Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. Avoid being active too close to bedtime; however, spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. Which of the following words means the opposite of ‘havoc’?

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Which countries are the most (and least) committed to reducing inequality?

1. Researchers at Oxfam and Development Finance International have spent a year investigating 18 indicators across three policy areas that have a key impact on levels of inequality: taxation, social spending on sectors such as health, welfare and education, and labour rights.
2. Britain is ranked only 109th for the proportion of budget it spends on education – just below Kazakhstan and Cambodia. In 2014, the UK government spent 11.78% of its budget on education, while Zimbabwe, which came top, spent almost three times this amount. (As a benchmark, achievement of the UN’s sustainable development goals for education is calculated to require a 20% spend.)
3. While Britain’s tax structure is ranked only 96th in the new inequality index, it rises to 33rd on tax overall because of its relatively robust ability to collect tax revenues. This discrepancy mirrors a global trend: low-income countries tend to have more progressive tax structures but fewer resources to enforce them, while the inverse is true for high-income countries. Overall, Britain is ranked 17th in the new index.

4. Sweden is named the country most committed to reducing inequality, and Nigeria – Africa’s richest country by GDP – the least committed of the 152 countries ranked. Despite having experienced strong growth for many years since the turn of the millennium, one in 10 Nigerian children still die before their fifth birthday, and an estimated 112 million people live in poverty
5. Inequality is notoriously difficult to measure. Countries are typically assessed using the Gini index, which measures the distribution of income and wealth, and ranks a country between zero (absolute equality) and one (absolute inequality).
6. But the Gini index gives users no sense of the root causes of inequality, which are complex and multiple. So for the new Commitment to Reducing Inequality index, researchers looked at how much governments set aside in their annual budgets for each of 18 key indicators. They believe this offers a more accurate picture of the root causes of inequality.
Choose the correct option to answer the questions based on the above passage and graphics.

Q. Which indicators have a key impact on levels of inequality?  

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Which countries are the most (and least) committed to reducing inequality?

1. Researchers at Oxfam and Development Finance International have spent a year investigating 18 indicators across three policy areas that have a key impact on levels of inequality: taxation, social spending on sectors such as health, welfare and education, and labour rights.
2. Britain is ranked only 109th for the proportion of budget it spends on education – just below Kazakhstan and Cambodia. In 2014, the UK government spent 11.78% of its budget on education, while Zimbabwe, which came top, spent almost three times this amount. (As a benchmark, achievement of the UN’s sustainable development goals for education is calculated to require a 20% spend.)
3. While Britain’s tax structure is ranked only 96th in the new inequality index, it rises to 33rd on tax overall because of its relatively robust ability to collect tax revenues. This discrepancy mirrors a global trend: low-income countries tend to have more progressive tax structures but fewer resources to enforce them, while the inverse is true for high-income countries. Overall, Britain is ranked 17th in the new index.

4. Sweden is named the country most committed to reducing inequality, and Nigeria – Africa’s richest country by GDP – the least committed of the 152 countries ranked. Despite having experienced strong growth for many years since the turn of the millennium, one in 10 Nigerian children still die before their fifth birthday, and an estimated 112 million people live in poverty
5. Inequality is notoriously difficult to measure. Countries are typically assessed using the Gini index, which measures the distribution of income and wealth, and ranks a country between zero (absolute equality) and one (absolute inequality).
6. But the Gini index gives users no sense of the root causes of inequality, which are complex and multiple. So for the new Commitment to Reducing Inequality index, researchers looked at how much governments set aside in their annual budgets for each of 18 key indicators. They believe this offers a more accurate picture of the root causes of inequality.
Choose the correct option to answer the questions based on the above passage and graphics.

Q. How is Britain’s education in comparison to Kazakhstan and Cambodia?

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Which countries are the most (and least) committed to reducing inequality?

1. Researchers at Oxfam and Development Finance International have spent a year investigating 18 indicators across three policy areas that have a key impact on levels of inequality: taxation, social spending on sectors such as health, welfare and education, and labour rights.
2. Britain is ranked only 109th for the proportion of budget it spends on education – just below Kazakhstan and Cambodia. In 2014, the UK government spent 11.78% of its budget on education, while Zimbabwe, which came top, spent almost three times this amount. (As a benchmark, achievement of the UN’s sustainable development goals for education is calculated to require a 20% spend.)
3. While Britain’s tax structure is ranked only 96th in the new inequality index, it rises to 33rd on tax overall because of its relatively robust ability to collect tax revenues. This discrepancy mirrors a global trend: low-income countries tend to have more progressive tax structures but fewer resources to enforce them, while the inverse is true for high-income countries. Overall, Britain is ranked 17th in the new index.

4. Sweden is named the country most committed to reducing inequality, and Nigeria – Africa’s richest country by GDP – the least committed of the 152 countries ranked. Despite having experienced strong growth for many years since the turn of the millennium, one in 10 Nigerian children still die before their fifth birthday, and an estimated 112 million people live in poverty
5. Inequality is notoriously difficult to measure. Countries are typically assessed using the Gini index, which measures the distribution of income and wealth, and ranks a country between zero (absolute equality) and one (absolute inequality).
6. But the Gini index gives users no sense of the root causes of inequality, which are complex and multiple. So for the new Commitment to Reducing Inequality index, researchers looked at how much governments set aside in their annual budgets for each of 18 key indicators. They believe this offers a more accurate picture of the root causes of inequality.
Choose the correct option to answer the questions based on the above passage and graphics.

Q. How much of the UK budget was spent on education in 2014?

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Which countries are the most (and least) committed to reducing inequality?

1. Researchers at Oxfam and Development Finance International have spent a year investigating 18 indicators across three policy areas that have a key impact on levels of inequality: taxation, social spending on sectors such as health, welfare and education, and labour rights.
2. Britain is ranked only 109th for the proportion of budget it spends on education – just below Kazakhstan and Cambodia. In 2014, the UK government spent 11.78% of its budget on education, while Zimbabwe, which came top, spent almost three times this amount. (As a benchmark, achievement of the UN’s sustainable development goals for education is calculated to require a 20% spend.)
3. While Britain’s tax structure is ranked only 96th in the new inequality index, it rises to 33rd on tax overall because of its relatively robust ability to collect tax revenues. This discrepancy mirrors a global trend: low-income countries tend to have more progressive tax structures but fewer resources to enforce them, while the inverse is true for high-income countries. Overall, Britain is ranked 17th in the new index.

4. Sweden is named the country most committed to reducing inequality, and Nigeria – Africa’s richest country by GDP – the least committed of the 152 countries ranked. Despite having experienced strong growth for many years since the turn of the millennium, one in 10 Nigerian children still die before their fifth birthday, and an estimated 112 million people live in poverty
5. Inequality is notoriously difficult to measure. Countries are typically assessed using the Gini index, which measures the distribution of income and wealth, and ranks a country between zero (absolute equality) and one (absolute inequality).
6. But the Gini index gives users no sense of the root causes of inequality, which are complex and multiple. So for the new Commitment to Reducing Inequality index, researchers looked at how much governments set aside in their annual budgets for each of 18 key indicators. They believe this offers a more accurate picture of the root causes of inequality.
Choose the correct option to answer the questions based on the above passage and graphics.

Q. Choose the option that lists the CORRECT answers for the following:
1. One in 10 children still die before their fifth birthday, and an estimated 112 million people live in poverty. Which country is being talked about here based on the passage?
2. The tax structure here is ranked only 96th in the new inequality index, it rises to 33rd on tax overall because of its relatively robust ability to collect tax revenues. Which country is being talked about here based on the passage?

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Which countries are the most (and least) committed to reducing inequality?

1. Researchers at Oxfam and Development Finance International have spent a year investigating 18 indicators across three policy areas that have a key impact on levels of inequality: taxation, social spending on sectors such as health, welfare and education, and labour rights.
2. Britain is ranked only 109th for the proportion of budget it spends on education – just below Kazakhstan and Cambodia. In 2014, the UK government spent 11.78% of its budget on education, while Zimbabwe, which came top, spent almost three times this amount. (As a benchmark, achievement of the UN’s sustainable development goals for education is calculated to require a 20% spend.)
3. While Britain’s tax structure is ranked only 96th in the new inequality index, it rises to 33rd on tax overall because of its relatively robust ability to collect tax revenues. This discrepancy mirrors a global trend: low-income countries tend to have more progressive tax structures but fewer resources to enforce them, while the inverse is true for high-income countries. Overall, Britain is ranked 17th in the new index.

4. Sweden is named the country most committed to reducing inequality, and Nigeria – Africa’s richest country by GDP – the least committed of the 152 countries ranked. Despite having experienced strong growth for many years since the turn of the millennium, one in 10 Nigerian children still die before their fifth birthday, and an estimated 112 million people live in poverty
5. Inequality is notoriously difficult to measure. Countries are typically assessed using the Gini index, which measures the distribution of income and wealth, and ranks a country between zero (absolute equality) and one (absolute inequality).
6. But the Gini index gives users no sense of the root causes of inequality, which are complex and multiple. So for the new Commitment to Reducing Inequality index, researchers looked at how much governments set aside in their annual budgets for each of 18 key indicators. They believe this offers a more accurate picture of the root causes of inequality.
Choose the correct option to answer the questions based on the above passage and graphics.

Q. Based on your understanding of the passage, choose the option that lists the aspects of inequality.
1. Very few countries face inequality issues.
2. There are many root causes of inequality.
3. Inequality exists only in the educational sector.
4. Inequality is very easy to be eradicated.
5. The government is not working towards eradicating inequality.
6. Inequality is notoriously difficult to measure.

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Which countries are the most (and least) committed to reducing inequality?

1. Researchers at Oxfam and Development Finance International have spent a year investigating 18 indicators across three policy areas that have a key impact on levels of inequality: taxation, social spending on sectors such as health, welfare and education, and labour rights.
2. Britain is ranked only 109th for the proportion of budget it spends on education – just below Kazakhstan and Cambodia. In 2014, the UK government spent 11.78% of its budget on education, while Zimbabwe, which came top, spent almost three times this amount. (As a benchmark, achievement of the UN’s sustainable development goals for education is calculated to require a 20% spend.)
3. While Britain’s tax structure is ranked only 96th in the new inequality index, it rises to 33rd on tax overall because of its relatively robust ability to collect tax revenues. This discrepancy mirrors a global trend: low-income countries tend to have more progressive tax structures but fewer resources to enforce them, while the inverse is true for high-income countries. Overall, Britain is ranked 17th in the new index.

4. Sweden is named the country most committed to reducing inequality, and Nigeria – Africa’s richest country by GDP – the least committed of the 152 countries ranked. Despite having experienced strong growth for many years since the turn of the millennium, one in 10 Nigerian children still die before their fifth birthday, and an estimated 112 million people live in poverty
5. Inequality is notoriously difficult to measure. Countries are typically assessed using the Gini index, which measures the distribution of income and wealth, and ranks a country between zero (absolute equality) and one (absolute inequality).
6. But the Gini index gives users no sense of the root causes of inequality, which are complex and multiple. So for the new Commitment to Reducing Inequality index, researchers looked at how much governments set aside in their annual budgets for each of 18 key indicators. They believe this offers a more accurate picture of the root causes of inequality.
Choose the correct option to answer the questions based on the above passage and graphics.

Q. Which global discrepancy has been highlighted in the passage?

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Which countries are the most (and least) committed to reducing inequality?

1. Researchers at Oxfam and Development Finance International have spent a year investigating 18 indicators across three policy areas that have a key impact on levels of inequality: taxation, social spending on sectors such as health, welfare and education, and labour rights.
2. Britain is ranked only 109th for the proportion of budget it spends on education – just below Kazakhstan and Cambodia. In 2014, the UK government spent 11.78% of its budget on education, while Zimbabwe, which came top, spent almost three times this amount. (As a benchmark, achievement of the UN’s sustainable development goals for education is calculated to require a 20% spend.)
3. While Britain’s tax structure is ranked only 96th in the new inequality index, it rises to 33rd on tax overall because of its relatively robust ability to collect tax revenues. This discrepancy mirrors a global trend: low-income countries tend to have more progressive tax structures but fewer resources to enforce them, while the inverse is true for high-income countries. Overall, Britain is ranked 17th in the new index.

4. Sweden is named the country most committed to reducing inequality, and Nigeria – Africa’s richest country by GDP – the least committed of the 152 countries ranked. Despite having experienced strong growth for many years since the turn of the millennium, one in 10 Nigerian children still die before their fifth birthday, and an estimated 112 million people live in poverty
5. Inequality is notoriously difficult to measure. Countries are typically assessed using the Gini index, which measures the distribution of income and wealth, and ranks a country between zero (absolute equality) and one (absolute inequality).
6. But the Gini index gives users no sense of the root causes of inequality, which are complex and multiple. So for the new Commitment to Reducing Inequality index, researchers looked at how much governments set aside in their annual budgets for each of 18 key indicators. They believe this offers a more accurate picture of the root causes of inequality.
Choose the correct option to answer the questions based on the above passage and graphics.

Q. Which country ranks the highest in labour market policies to address equalities?

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Which countries are the most (and least) committed to reducing inequality?

1. Researchers at Oxfam and Development Finance International have spent a year investigating 18 indicators across three policy areas that have a key impact on levels of inequality: taxation, social spending on sectors such as health, welfare and education, and labour rights.
2. Britain is ranked only 109th for the proportion of budget it spends on education – just below Kazakhstan and Cambodia. In 2014, the UK government spent 11.78% of its budget on education, while Zimbabwe, which came top, spent almost three times this amount. (As a benchmark, achievement of the UN’s sustainable development goals for education is calculated to require a 20% spend.)
3. While Britain’s tax structure is ranked only 96th in the new inequality index, it rises to 33rd on tax overall because of its relatively robust ability to collect tax revenues. This discrepancy mirrors a global trend: low-income countries tend to have more progressive tax structures but fewer resources to enforce them, while the inverse is true for high-income countries. Overall, Britain is ranked 17th in the new index.

4. Sweden is named the country most committed to reducing inequality, and Nigeria – Africa’s richest country by GDP – the least committed of the 152 countries ranked. Despite having experienced strong growth for many years since the turn of the millennium, one in 10 Nigerian children still die before their fifth birthday, and an estimated 112 million people live in poverty
5. Inequality is notoriously difficult to measure. Countries are typically assessed using the Gini index, which measures the distribution of income and wealth, and ranks a country between zero (absolute equality) and one (absolute inequality).
6. But the Gini index gives users no sense of the root causes of inequality, which are complex and multiple. So for the new Commitment to Reducing Inequality index, researchers looked at how much governments set aside in their annual budgets for each of 18 key indicators. They believe this offers a more accurate picture of the root causes of inequality.
Choose the correct option to answer the questions based on the above passage and graphics.

Q. Where does India stand on spending on health, education and social protection? 

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Which countries are the most (and least) committed to reducing inequality?

1. Researchers at Oxfam and Development Finance International have spent a year investigating 18 indicators across three policy areas that have a key impact on levels of inequality: taxation, social spending on sectors such as health, welfare and education, and labour rights.
2. Britain is ranked only 109th for the proportion of budget it spends on education – just below Kazakhstan and Cambodia. In 2014, the UK government spent 11.78% of its budget on education, while Zimbabwe, which came top, spent almost three times this amount. (As a benchmark, achievement of the UN’s sustainable development goals for education is calculated to require a 20% spend.)
3. While Britain’s tax structure is ranked only 96th in the new inequality index, it rises to 33rd on tax overall because of its relatively robust ability to collect tax revenues. This discrepancy mirrors a global trend: low-income countries tend to have more progressive tax structures but fewer resources to enforce them, while the inverse is true for high-income countries. Overall, Britain is ranked 17th in the new index.

4. Sweden is named the country most committed to reducing inequality, and Nigeria – Africa’s richest country by GDP – the least committed of the 152 countries ranked. Despite having experienced strong growth for many years since the turn of the millennium, one in 10 Nigerian children still die before their fifth birthday, and an estimated 112 million people live in poverty
5. Inequality is notoriously difficult to measure. Countries are typically assessed using the Gini index, which measures the distribution of income and wealth, and ranks a country between zero (absolute equality) and one (absolute inequality).
6. But the Gini index gives users no sense of the root causes of inequality, which are complex and multiple. So for the new Commitment to Reducing Inequality index, researchers looked at how much governments set aside in their annual budgets for each of 18 key indicators. They believe this offers a more accurate picture of the root causes of inequality.
Choose the correct option to answer the questions based on the above passage and graphics.

Q. Which country shows commitment  as working on providing equal opportunities to all?

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Which countries are the most (and least) committed to reducing inequality?

1. Researchers at Oxfam and Development Finance International have spent a year investigating 18 indicators across three policy areas that have a key impact on levels of inequality: taxation, social spending on sectors such as health, welfare and education, and labour rights.
2. Britain is ranked only 109th for the proportion of budget it spends on education – just below Kazakhstan and Cambodia. In 2014, the UK government spent 11.78% of its budget on education, while Zimbabwe, which came top, spent almost three times this amount. (As a benchmark, achievement of the UN’s sustainable development goals for education is calculated to require a 20% spend.)
3. While Britain’s tax structure is ranked only 96th in the new inequality index, it rises to 33rd on tax overall because of its relatively robust ability to collect tax revenues. This discrepancy mirrors a global trend: low-income countries tend to have more progressive tax structures but fewer resources to enforce them, while the inverse is true for high-income countries. Overall, Britain is ranked 17th in the new index.

4. Sweden is named the country most committed to reducing inequality, and Nigeria – Africa’s richest country by GDP – the least committed of the 152 countries ranked. Despite having experienced strong growth for many years since the turn of the millennium, one in 10 Nigerian children still die before their fifth birthday, and an estimated 112 million people live in poverty
5. Inequality is notoriously difficult to measure. Countries are typically assessed using the Gini index, which measures the distribution of income and wealth, and ranks a country between zero (absolute equality) and one (absolute inequality).
6. But the Gini index gives users no sense of the root causes of inequality, which are complex and multiple. So for the new Commitment to Reducing Inequality index, researchers looked at how much governments set aside in their annual budgets for each of 18 key indicators. They believe this offers a more accurate picture of the root causes of inequality.
Choose the correct option to answer the questions based on the above passage and graphics.

Q. Nigeria shows  alarming rate for which of the following?

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Which countries are the most (and least) committed to reducing inequality?

1. Researchers at Oxfam and Development Finance International have spent a year investigating 18 indicators across three policy areas that have a key impact on levels of inequality: taxation, social spending on sectors such as health, welfare and education, and labour rights.
2. Britain is ranked only 109th for the proportion of budget it spends on education – just below Kazakhstan and Cambodia. In 2014, the UK government spent 11.78% of its budget on education, while Zimbabwe, which came top, spent almost three times this amount. (As a benchmark, achievement of the UN’s sustainable development goals for education is calculated to require a 20% spend.)
3. While Britain’s tax structure is ranked only 96th in the new inequality index, it rises to 33rd on tax overall because of its relatively robust ability to collect tax revenues. This discrepancy mirrors a global trend: low-income countries tend to have more progressive tax structures but fewer resources to enforce them, while the inverse is true for high-income countries. Overall, Britain is ranked 17th in the new index.

4. Sweden is named the country most committed to reducing inequality, and Nigeria – Africa’s richest country by GDP – the least committed of the 152 countries ranked. Despite having experienced strong growth for many years since the turn of the millennium, one in 10 Nigerian children still die before their fifth birthday, and an estimated 112 million people live in poverty
5. Inequality is notoriously difficult to measure. Countries are typically assessed using the Gini index, which measures the distribution of income and wealth, and ranks a country between zero (absolute equality) and one (absolute inequality).
6. But the Gini index gives users no sense of the root causes of inequality, which are complex and multiple. So for the new Commitment to Reducing Inequality index, researchers looked at how much governments set aside in their annual budgets for each of 18 key indicators. They believe this offers a more accurate picture of the root causes of inequality.
Choose the correct option to answer the questions based on the above passage and graphics.

Q. Which word in the passage is opposite in meaning to “vigorous”?

Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:

Which countries are the most (and least) committed to reducing inequality?

1. Researchers at Oxfam and Development Finance International have spent a year investigating 18 indicators across three policy areas that have a key impact on levels of inequality: taxation, social spending on sectors such as health, welfare and education, and labour rights.
2. Britain is ranked only 109th for the proportion of budget it spends on education – just below Kazakhstan and Cambodia. In 2014, the UK government spent 11.78% of its budget on education, while Zimbabwe, which came top, spent almost three times this amount. (As a benchmark, achievement of the UN’s sustainable development goals for education is calculated to require a 20% spend.)
3. While Britain’s tax structure is ranked only 96th in the new inequality index, it rises to 33rd on tax overall because of its relatively robust ability to collect tax revenues. This discrepancy mirrors a global trend: low-income countries tend to have more progressive tax structures but fewer resources to enforce them, while the inverse is true for high-income countries. Overall, Britain is ranked 17th in the new index.

4. Sweden is named the country most committed to reducing inequality, and Nigeria – Africa’s richest country by GDP – the least committed of the 152 countries ranked. Despite having experienced strong growth for many years since the turn of the millennium, one in 10 Nigerian children still die before their fifth birthday, and an estimated 112 million people live in poverty
5. Inequality is notoriously difficult to measure. Countries are typically assessed using the Gini index, which measures the distribution of income and wealth, and ranks a country between zero (absolute equality) and one (absolute inequality).
6. But the Gini index gives users no sense of the root causes of inequality, which are complex and multiple. So for the new Commitment to Reducing Inequality index, researchers looked at how much governments set aside in their annual budgets for each of 18 key indicators. They believe this offers a more accurate picture of the root causes of inequality.
Choose the correct option to answer the questions based on the above passage and graphics.

Q. Which word in the passage is opposite in meaning to “inexact”?

Read the passage carefully:

1. Power foods are foods that provide rich levels of nutrients like fiber, potassium and minerals. With people becoming increasingly health-conscious today, a lot of fitness trainers encourage their clients to include these foods in their daily diet to increase muscle development. There are various ways of incorporating power foods in your daily diet. Of course, the key to enjoying power foods is proper preparation of these foods, the use of season-fresh foods, and in identifying your choice of flavour among power foods.
2. Some of the recommended power food combinations are those that are prepared in our kitchens on a regular basis. Take, for instance, the combination of chickpeas and onions. This combination is a powerful source of iron which is required by the body to transport oxygen to its various parts. Iron deficiency can lead to anaemia, fatigue, brain fog and tiredness. A study by the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry says that sulphur compounds in onion and garlic help in the absorption of iron and zinc from chickpeas. The combination is a hit with teenagers who need to be diligent about getting iron in their diet. A quick way to prepare this power food is to make a chickpea salad with chopped onions, chaat masala and cilantro.
3. Another favourite combination with power food takers is yoghurt and bananas. This makes for a perfect snack after a rough game of football. Exercising bums glucose and thus lowers blood sugar. Yoghurt is packed with proteins that help preserve muscle mass, and bananas are packed with carbohydrates that help in refuelling energy and preventing muscle soreness. A quick and easy recipe with bananas is a banana smoothie topped with cool yoghurt.
4. Among beverages, green tea is the best source of catechins that are effective in halting oxidative damage to cells. According to researchers at Purdue University, adding a dash of lemon juice to green tea makes the catechins even more easily absorbable by the body.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. What do you get from power foods?

Read the passage carefully:

1. Power foods are foods that provide rich levels of nutrients like fiber, potassium and minerals. With people becoming increasingly health-conscious today, a lot of fitness trainers encourage their clients to include these foods in their daily diet to increase muscle development. There are various ways of incorporating power foods in your daily diet. Of course, the key to enjoying power foods is proper preparation of these foods, the use of season-fresh foods, and in identifying your choice of flavour among power foods.
2. Some of the recommended power food combinations are those that are prepared in our kitchens on a regular basis. Take, for instance, the combination of chickpeas and onions. This combination is a powerful source of iron which is required by the body to transport oxygen to its various parts. Iron deficiency can lead to anaemia, fatigue, brain fog and tiredness. A study by the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry says that sulphur compounds in onion and garlic help in the absorption of iron and zinc from chickpeas. The combination is a hit with teenagers who need to be diligent about getting iron in their diet. A quick way to prepare this power food is to make a chickpea salad with chopped onions, chaat masala and cilantro.
3. Another favourite combination with power food takers is yoghurt and bananas. This makes for a perfect snack after a rough game of football. Exercising bums glucose and thus lowers blood sugar. Yoghurt is packed with proteins that help preserve muscle mass, and bananas are packed with carbohydrates that help in refuelling energy and preventing muscle soreness. A quick and easy recipe with bananas is a banana smoothie topped with cool yoghurt.
4. Among beverages, green tea is the best source of catechins that are effective in halting oxidative damage to cells. According to researchers at Purdue University, adding a dash of lemon juice to green tea makes the catechins even more easily absorbable by the body.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. Choose the option that best captures the central idea of the passage from the given quotes.
1. “One of the very nicest things about life is the way we must regularly stop whatever it is we are doing and devote our attention to eating.” — Luciano Pavarotti
2. “Food is symbolic of love when words are inadequate.” — Alan D Wolfelt
3. “One cannot think well, love well, sleep well, if one has not dined well.” — Virginia Woolf
4. “The chief pleasure in eating does not consist in costly seasoning, or exquisite flavour, but in yourself.” — Horace

Read the passage carefully:

1. Power foods are foods that provide rich levels of nutrients like fiber, potassium and minerals. With people becoming increasingly health-conscious today, a lot of fitness trainers encourage their clients to include these foods in their daily diet to increase muscle development. There are various ways of incorporating power foods in your daily diet. Of course, the key to enjoying power foods is proper preparation of these foods, the use of season-fresh foods, and in identifying your choice of flavour among power foods.
2. Some of the recommended power food combinations are those that are prepared in our kitchens on a regular basis. Take, for instance, the combination of chickpeas and onions. This combination is a powerful source of iron which is required by the body to transport oxygen to its various parts. Iron deficiency can lead to anaemia, fatigue, brain fog and tiredness. A study by the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry says that sulphur compounds in onion and garlic help in the absorption of iron and zinc from chickpeas. The combination is a hit with teenagers who need to be diligent about getting iron in their diet. A quick way to prepare this power food is to make a chickpea salad with chopped onions, chaat masala and cilantro.
3. Another favourite combination with power food takers is yoghurt and bananas. This makes for a perfect snack after a rough game of football. Exercising bums glucose and thus lowers blood sugar. Yoghurt is packed with proteins that help preserve muscle mass, and bananas are packed with carbohydrates that help in refuelling energy and preventing muscle soreness. A quick and easy recipe with bananas is a banana smoothie topped with cool yoghurt.
4. Among beverages, green tea is the best source of catechins that are effective in halting oxidative damage to cells. According to researchers at Purdue University, adding a dash of lemon juice to green tea makes the catechins even more easily absorbable by the body.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. How are onions and garlic beneficial to our diet? 

Read the passage carefully:

1. Power foods are foods that provide rich levels of nutrients like fiber, potassium and minerals. With people becoming increasingly health-conscious today, a lot of fitness trainers encourage their clients to include these foods in their daily diet to increase muscle development. There are various ways of incorporating power foods in your daily diet. Of course, the key to enjoying power foods is proper preparation of these foods, the use of season-fresh foods, and in identifying your choice of flavour among power foods.
2. Some of the recommended power food combinations are those that are prepared in our kitchens on a regular basis. Take, for instance, the combination of chickpeas and onions. This combination is a powerful source of iron which is required by the body to transport oxygen to its various parts. Iron deficiency can lead to anaemia, fatigue, brain fog and tiredness. A study by the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry says that sulphur compounds in onion and garlic help in the absorption of iron and zinc from chickpeas. The combination is a hit with teenagers who need to be diligent about getting iron in their diet. A quick way to prepare this power food is to make a chickpea salad with chopped onions, chaat masala and cilantro.
3. Another favourite combination with power food takers is yoghurt and bananas. This makes for a perfect snack after a rough game of football. Exercising bums glucose and thus lowers blood sugar. Yoghurt is packed with proteins that help preserve muscle mass, and bananas are packed with carbohydrates that help in refuelling energy and preventing muscle soreness. A quick and easy recipe with bananas is a banana smoothie topped with cool yoghurt.
4. Among beverages, green tea is the best source of catechins that are effective in halting oxidative damage to cells. According to researchers at Purdue University, adding a dash of lemon juice to green tea makes the catechins even more easily absorbable by the body.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. Which of the following diseases does iron deficiency cause?  

Read the passage carefully:

1. Power foods are foods that provide rich levels of nutrients like fiber, potassium and minerals. With people becoming increasingly health-conscious today, a lot of fitness trainers encourage their clients to include these foods in their daily diet to increase muscle development. There are various ways of incorporating power foods in your daily diet. Of course, the key to enjoying power foods is proper preparation of these foods, the use of season-fresh foods, and in identifying your choice of flavour among power foods.
2. Some of the recommended power food combinations are those that are prepared in our kitchens on a regular basis. Take, for instance, the combination of chickpeas and onions. This combination is a powerful source of iron which is required by the body to transport oxygen to its various parts. Iron deficiency can lead to anaemia, fatigue, brain fog and tiredness. A study by the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry says that sulphur compounds in onion and garlic help in the absorption of iron and zinc from chickpeas. The combination is a hit with teenagers who need to be diligent about getting iron in their diet. A quick way to prepare this power food is to make a chickpea salad with chopped onions, chaat masala and cilantro.
3. Another favourite combination with power food takers is yoghurt and bananas. This makes for a perfect snack after a rough game of football. Exercising bums glucose and thus lowers blood sugar. Yoghurt is packed with proteins that help preserve muscle mass, and bananas are packed with carbohydrates that help in refuelling energy and preventing muscle soreness. A quick and easy recipe with bananas is a banana smoothie topped with cool yoghurt.
4. Among beverages, green tea is the best source of catechins that are effective in halting oxidative damage to cells. According to researchers at Purdue University, adding a dash of lemon juice to green tea makes the catechins even more easily absorbable by the body.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. What are yoghurt and bananas packed with? 

Read the passage carefully:

1. Power foods are foods that provide rich levels of nutrients like fiber, potassium and minerals. With people becoming increasingly health-conscious today, a lot of fitness trainers encourage their clients to include these foods in their daily diet to increase muscle development. There are various ways of incorporating power foods in your daily diet. Of course, the key to enjoying power foods is proper preparation of these foods, the use of season-fresh foods, and in identifying your choice of flavour among power foods.
2. Some of the recommended power food combinations are those that are prepared in our kitchens on a regular basis. Take, for instance, the combination of chickpeas and onions. This combination is a powerful source of iron which is required by the body to transport oxygen to its various parts. Iron deficiency can lead to anaemia, fatigue, brain fog and tiredness. A study by the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry says that sulphur compounds in onion and garlic help in the absorption of iron and zinc from chickpeas. The combination is a hit with teenagers who need to be diligent about getting iron in their diet. A quick way to prepare this power food is to make a chickpea salad with chopped onions, chaat masala and cilantro.
3. Another favourite combination with power food takers is yoghurt and bananas. This makes for a perfect snack after a rough game of football. Exercising bums glucose and thus lowers blood sugar. Yoghurt is packed with proteins that help preserve muscle mass, and bananas are packed with carbohydrates that help in refuelling energy and preventing muscle soreness. A quick and easy recipe with bananas is a banana smoothie topped with cool yoghurt.
4. Among beverages, green tea is the best source of catechins that are effective in halting oxidative damage to cells. According to researchers at Purdue University, adding a dash of lemon juice to green tea makes the catechins even more easily absorbable by the body.
On the basis of your reading of the passage given above, answer of the following questions:

Q. How is green tea considered a power food?