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Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) Exam  >  Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) Test  >  Sensor & Industrial Instrumentation  >  Test: Basic Electrical Components - Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) MCQ

Basic Electrical Components - Free MCQ Practice Test with solutions, GATE


MCQ Practice Test & Solutions: Test: Basic Electrical Components (15 Questions)

You can prepare effectively for Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) Sensor & Industrial Instrumentation with this dedicated MCQ Practice Test (available with solutions) on the important topic of "Test: Basic Electrical Components". These 15 questions have been designed by the experts with the latest curriculum of Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) 2026, to help you master the concept.

Test Highlights:

  • - Format: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
  • - Duration: 20 minutes
  • - Number of Questions: 15

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Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 1
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What is the voltage across the capacitor in the given figure 35s after the input voltage

steps from 0V to 54V, if the value of the resistor is 47 kΩ and the capacitor is 1.5F?

Detailed Solution: Question 1

Ec = 54(1 − e−35 × 1000000/1000 × 47 × 1000 × 1.5)V = 54 (1 − 1/e0.5)V

Ec = 54(1 − 0.606) = 21.3V

In an RC network when a step voltage is applied, the voltage across the capacitor is given by the equation

Ec = E{1− e-(t/RC)}

where Ec is the voltage across the capacitor at any instant of time, E is the source

voltage, t is the time (seconds) after the step is applied, R is in ohms and C is in farads.

Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 2
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What is the time constant for the circuit shown in the given figure, if the resistor has a

value of 220 kΩ, and the capacitor is 2.2 F?

Detailed Solution: Question 2

t = 2.2 × 10−6 × 220 × 103 sec = 484 × 10−3 sec = 0.484 sec

The time constant of the voltage in a capacitive circuit is defined as:

t = CR

where t is the time (seconds) it takes for the voltage to reach 63.2% of its final or

aiming voltage after the application of an input voltage step (charging or discharging).

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Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 3
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The resistive elements in a strain gauge are each 5kΩ. A digital voltmeter with ranges of 10V, 1V, and 0.1V, and a resolution of 0.1% of FSD, is used to measure the output voltage. If R2 is the fixed element and R1 is the element measuring strain, what is the minimum change in R1 that can be detected? Assume a supply of 10V.

Detailed Solution: Question 3

To measure the output voltage ≈ 5V, the 10V range is required, giving a resolution or sensitivity of 10 mV.

VR = 5.01V = 5,000 × 10/(R1 + 5,000)V

5.01(R1 + 5,000) = 50,000

R1 = (50,000/5.01) − 5,000 = 4,980Ω

Resolution = 5,000 − 4,980 = 20Ω

Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 4
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Resistors R1 and R2 in the bridge circuit shown in the given figure are the strain gauge elements of 5kΩ each. Resistors R3 and R4 are fixed resistors, with values of 4.3 kW. A digital voltmeter with ranges of 10V, 1V, and 0.1V, and a resolution of 0.1% of FSD, is used to measure the output voltage. What is the minimum change in R1 that can be detected by the meter? Assume the supply E is 10V.

Detailed Solution: Question 4

The voltage at point C will be 5.0V, because R3 = R4, and the voltage at C equals one-half of the supply voltage. The voltmeter can use the 0.1V range, because the offset is 0V, giving a resolution of 0.1 mV. The voltage that can be sensed at A is given by

EAD = 10 × R2/(R1 + R2) = 5.00 + 0.0001V

R1 = (50,000/50,001) − 5,000Ω

R1 = −49,999

Resolution = 1Ω

Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 5
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If the bridge circuit in the given figure is balanced, with R1 = 15 kΩ, R2 = 27 kΩ, R3= 18 kΩ, and C1 = 220 pF, what are the values of R4 and C2?

Detailed Solution: Question 5

R2R3 = R1R4

R4 = 27 × 18/15 = 32.4 kΩ

Additionally,

C2R2 = C1R1

C2 = 220 × 15/27 = 122 pF

Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 6
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In the potentiometer circuit shown in the figure, the expression for Vx is

Detailed Solution: Question 6

Using KVL,

Vx + (αR) 2V/R - V = 0

Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 7
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The response of a first-order measurement system to a unit step input is 1 – e– 0.5t, where t is in seconds. A ramp of 0.1 units per second is given as the input to this system. The error in the measured value after transients have died down is

Detailed Solution: Question 7

Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 8
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A metal wire has a uniform cross-section A, length, and resistance R between its two endpoints. It is uniformly stretched so that its length becomes l. The new resistance is

Detailed Solution: Question 8

Volume is constant

lA = l’A’

lA = α l A’

A’ = A/α

R’ = ρl'/A' = ρ αlα/A = α2 R

Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 9
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A variable air gap type capacitor consists of two parallel plates: a fixed plate and a moving plate at a distance x. If a potential V is applied across the two plates, then the force of attraction between the plates is related to x as

Detailed Solution: Question 9

E = ½ CV2. = ½  εA/x V2

F = -δE/δX = ½  εA/xx V2 which is inversely proportional to x2

Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 10
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The expression for the capacitance (C in pF) of a parallel plate capacitor is given by:

C = 6.94 × 10– 3 (d2/S). The diameter (d) of each plate is 20 mm and the spacing between the plates

(S) is 0.25 mm. The displacement sensitivity of the capacitor is approximate:

Detailed Solution: Question 10

C = 6.94 x 10- 3 (d2/S) PF

Displacement sensitivity = dC/dS = -6.94 x 10 - 3 x 20 2 / (0.25)2 = - 44.4 pF/mm

Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 11
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Which of the following can be measured using a Wheatstone bridge?

Detailed Solution: Question 11

Wheatstone bridge cannot be limited to measurement of a single quantity only, it can be used to measure resistance, capacitance, impedance, inductance etc. with some modifications.

Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 12
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Accuracy in a bridge measurement depends on

Detailed Solution: Question 12

Both sensitivity of indicator and applied voltage affects the accuracy in bridge measurement.

Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 13
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In a Wheatstone bridge, which of the following is used as a null detector?

Detailed Solution: Question 13

Null detector is used to indicate zero current flow, and the device used is a galvanometer.

Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 14
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Which of the following statements is correct for impedance?

Detailed Solution: Question 14

Impedance of pure resistance is purely real and for an inductor purely imaginary, where the inductor is a reactive component.

Test: Basic Electrical Components - Question 15
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What is the purpose of Owens Bridge?

Detailed Solution: Question 15

Owens Bridge is an AC bridge that is used to measure reactance.

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About this Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) Practice Test

This test contains 15 MCQs on Basic Electrical Components with detailed solutions for each question. It is part of the Sensor & Industrial Instrumentation course on EduRev, designed to align with the current Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) syllabus. Each solution explains not just the correct answer but also gives you an understanding of the topic — not just to attempt the question but also help you prepare for the exam with practice.

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