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Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Humanities/Arts MCQ


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16 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions

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Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 1

Study the cartoon given below carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Q. Why has a big tilt towards the public sector been shown in the cartoon?

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 1
The big tilt towards the public sector is shown because heavy industries, agricultural sectors were controlled by the state.
Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 2

Study the cartoon given below carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Q. How did the public sector affect the private sector?

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Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 3

Study the cartoon given below carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Q. Who in the picture is balancing between the public and private sectors?

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 3
The person holding the balancing beam between the public sector and the private sector is Jawahar Lal Nehru.
Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 4

Study the cartoon given below carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Q. Which type of economic model was adopted by India?

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 4
India did not accept the model in which development was left entirely to the private sector, nor did they follow in which private property was abolished and all the production was controlled by the state. Hence, they took elements from both these models and mixed them together. That is why it was described as ‘mixed economy’.
Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 5

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

On the eve of Independence, India had before it, two models of modern development: the liberalcapitalist model as in much of Europe and the US and the socialist model as in the USSR. There were many in India then who were deeply impressed by the Soviet model of development. These included not just the leaders of the Communist Party of India, but also those of the Socialist Party and leaders like Nehru within the Congress. There were very few supporters of the American style capitalist development. As in the USSR, the Planning Commission of India opted for Five Year Plans (FYP). The idea is very simple: The Government of India prepares a document that has a plan for all its income and expenditure for the next five years. Accordingly, the budget of the Central and all the State governments is divided into two parts: ‘non-plan’ budget that is spent on routine items on a yearly basis and ‘plan’ budget that is spent on a five-year basis as per the priorities fixed by the plan. A five-year plan has the advantage of permitting the government to focus on the larger picture and make long-term intervention in the economy. The draft of the First Five Year Plan and then the actual Plan Document, released in December 1951, generated a lot of excitement in the country.

Q. Which model had the least supporters in India?

Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 6

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

On the eve of Independence, India had before it, two models of modern development: the liberalcapitalist model as in much of Europe and the US and the socialist model as in the USSR. There were many in India then who were deeply impressed by the Soviet model of development. These included not just the leaders of the Communist Party of India, but also those of the Socialist Party and leaders like Nehru within the Congress. There were very few supporters of the American style capitalist development. As in the USSR, the Planning Commission of India opted for Five Year Plans (FYP). The idea is very simple: The Government of India prepares a document that has a plan for all its income and expenditure for the next five years. Accordingly, the budget of the Central and all the State governments is divided into two parts: ‘non-plan’ budget that is spent on routine items on a yearly basis and ‘plan’ budget that is spent on a five-year basis as per the priorities fixed by the plan. A five-year plan has the advantage of permitting the government to focus on the larger picture and make long-term intervention in the economy. The draft of the First Five Year Plan and then the actual Plan Document, released in December 1951, generated a lot of excitement in the country.

Q. When was the draft of first five-year plan was released?

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 6
The First Five-year Plan was launched in 1951 which mainly focused in the development of the primary sector.
Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 7

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

On the eve of Independence, India had before it, two models of modern development: the liberalcapitalist model as in much of Europe and the US and the socialist model as in the USSR. There were many in India then who were deeply impressed by the Soviet model of development. These included not just the leaders of the Communist Party of India, but also those of the Socialist Party and leaders like Nehru within the Congress. There were very few supporters of the American style capitalist development. As in the USSR, the Planning Commission of India opted for Five Year Plans (FYP). The idea is very simple: The Government of India prepares a document that has a plan for all its income and expenditure for the next five years. Accordingly, the budget of the Central and all the State governments is divided into two parts: ‘non-plan’ budget that is spent on routine items on a yearly basis and ‘plan’ budget that is spent on a five-year basis as per the priorities fixed by the plan. A five-year plan has the advantage of permitting the government to focus on the larger picture and make long-term intervention in the economy. The draft of the First Five Year Plan and then the actual Plan Document, released in December 1951, generated a lot of excitement in the country.

Q. Which two models of modern development did India follow?

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 7
On the eve of Independence, India had before it, two models of modern development: the liberal – capitalist model as in much of Europe and the U.S. and the socialist model as in the U.S.S.R. There were many in India then who were deeply impressed by the Soviet model of development.
Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 8

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

On the eve of Independence, India had before it, two models of modern development: the liberalcapitalist model as in much of Europe and the US and the socialist model as in the USSR. There were many in India then who were deeply impressed by the Soviet model of development. These included not just the leaders of the Communist Party of India, but also those of the Socialist Party and leaders like Nehru within the Congress. There were very few supporters of the American style capitalist development. As in the USSR, the Planning Commission of India opted for Five Year Plans (FYP). The idea is very simple: The Government of India prepares a document that has a plan for all its income and expenditure for the next five years. Accordingly, the budget of the Central and all the State governments is divided into two parts: ‘non-plan’ budget that is spent on routine items on a yearly basis and ‘plan’ budget that is spent on a five-year basis as per the priorities fixed by the plan. A five-year plan has the advantage of permitting the government to focus on the larger picture and make long-term intervention in the economy. The draft of the First Five Year Plan and then the actual Plan Document, released in December 1951, generated a lot of excitement in the country.

Q. The Budget is divided into which two parts?

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 8
Plan expenditure is spent on productive asset creation through Centrally Sponsored programmes and flagship schemes, while “Non-plan” refers to all other expenditure such as defence expenditure, subsidies, interest payments, including expenditure on establishment and maintenance activities such as salaries.
Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 9

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow:

NITI Aayog or National Institution for Transforming India Aayog is basically a policy think tank of Government of India and State Governments that replaces the 65-year old Planning Commission. Union Government of India had announced formation of NITI Aayog on 1st January, 2015. The body is comprised of a CEO and a Vice Chairperson, to be appointed by the Prime Minister, in addition to some full-time members and two part-time members, while four Union Ministers would serve as ex-officio members. Besides, there would be specific regional councils, while experts and specialists from various fields would be called as special invitees nominated by the Prime Ministers. NITI Aayog will serve as a “think tank” of the government as a “directional and policy dynamo” and would provide both to the governments at the centre and in the states with strategic and technical advice on key policy matters including economic issues of national and international importance. NITI Aayog will have regional councils to focus on developmental activities on specific areas and is patterned on the National Reforms Development Commission of China.

Q. The CEO and Vice Chairperson of NITI Aayog is appointed by .................... .

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 9
The Prime Minister appoints the Vice Chairman of NITI Aayog.
Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 10

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow:

NITI Aayog or National Institution for Transforming India Aayog is basically a policy think tank of Government of India and State Governments that replaces 65-year old Planning Commission. Union Government of India had announced formation of NITI Aayog on 1st January, 2015. The body is comprised of a CEO and a Vice Chairperson, to be appointed by the Prime Minister, in addition to some full-time members and two part-time members, while four Union Ministers would serve as ex-officio members. Besides, there would be specific regional councils, while experts and specialists from various fields would be called as special invitees nominated by the Prime Ministers. NITI Aayog will serve as a “think tank” of the government as a “directional and policy dynamo” and would provide both to the governments at the centre and in the states with strategic and technical advice on key policy matters including economic issues of national and international importance. NITI Aayog will have regional councils to focus on developmental activities on specific areas and is patterned on the National Reforms Development Commission of China.

Q. Which councils NITI Aayog will have to focus on developmental activities on specific areas and is patterned on the National Reforms Development Commission of China?

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 10
Regional councils are multipurpose organizations with legal status. Most are voluntary associations and do not have the power to regulate or tax. Primarily funded by local governments and with state and federal funds, the councils are responsible to the representatives of the communities in their regions.
Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 11

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow:

NITI Aayog or National Institution for Transforming India Aayog is basically a policy think tank of Government of India and State Governments that replaces 65-year old Planning Commission. Union Government of India had announced formation of NITI Aayog on 1st January, 2015. The body is comprised of a CEO and a Vice Chairperson, to be appointed by the Prime Minister, in addition to some full-time members and two part-time members, while four Union Ministers would serve as ex-officio members. Besides, there would be specific regional councils, while experts and specialists from various fields would be called as special invitees nominated by the Prime Ministers. NITI Aayog will serve as a “think tank” of the government as a “directional and policy dynamo” and would provide both to the governments at the centre and in the states with strategic and technical advice on key policy matters including economic issues of national and international importance. NITI Aayog will have regional councils to focus on developmental activities on specific areas and is patterned on the National Reforms Development Commission of China.

Q. When was NITI Aayog formed?

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 11
National Institution for Transforming India, also known as NITI Aayog, was formed via a resolution of the Union Cabinet on 1 January 2015.
Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 12

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow:

NITI Aayog or National Institution for Transforming India Aayog is basically a policy think tank of Government of India and State Governments that replaces 65-year old Planning Commission. Union Government of India had announced formation of NITI Aayog on 1st January, 2015. The body is comprised of a CEO and a Vice Chairperson, to be appointed by the Prime Minister, in addition to some full-time members and two part-time members, while four Union Ministers would serve as ex-officio members. Besides, there would be specific regional councils, while experts and specialists from various fields would be called as special invitees nominated by the Prime Ministers. NITI Aayog will serve as a “think tank” of the government as a “directional and policy dynamo” and would provide both to the governments at the centre and in the states with strategic and technical advice on key policy matters including economic issues of national and international importance. NITI Aayog will have regional councils to focus on developmental activities on specific areas and is patterned on the National Reforms Development Commission of China.

Q. How will NITI Aayog serve India?

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 12
NITI Aayog is supposed to be a think tank. This implies that while generating new ideas, it maintains a respectable intellectual distance from the government of the day.
Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 13

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

The Second Five Year Plan stressed on heavy industries. It was drafted by a team of economists and planners under the leadership of P.C. Mahalanobis. If the first plan had preached patience, the second wanted to bring about quick structural transformation by making changes simultaneously in all possible directions. Before this plan was finalized, the Congress party at its session held at Avadi near the then Madras city, passed an important resolution. It declared that ‘Socialist pattern of society’ was its goal. This was reflected in the Second Plan. The government imposed substantial tariffs on imports in order to protect domestic industries. Such a protected environment helped both public and private sector industries to grow. As savings and investment were growing in this period, a bulk of these industries like electricity, railways, steel, machineries and communication could be developed in the public sector. Indeed, such a push for industrialisation marked a turning point in India’s development.

Q. What was anticipated from the Second Five Year Plan?

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 13
The main objectives of the Second Plan are an increase of 25 per cent in real national income over the five-year period 1956– 57 to 1960–61; a large expansion of employment opportunities; rapid industrialization; and reduction of economic inequalities.
Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 14

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

The Second Five Year Plan stressed on heavy industries. It was drafted by a team of economists and planners under the leadership of P.C. Mahalanobis. If the first plan had preached patience, the second wanted to bring about quick structural transformation by making changes simultaneously in all possible directions. Before this plan was finalized, the Congress party at its session held at Avadi near the then Madras city, passed an important resolution. It declared that ‘Socialist pattern of society’ was its goal. This was reflected in the Second Plan. The government imposed substantial tariffs on imports in order to protect domestic industries. Such protected environment helped both public and private sector industries to grow. As savings and investment were growing in this period, a bulk of these industries like electricity, railways, steel, machineries and communication could be developed in the public sector. Indeed, such a push for industrialisation marked a turning point in India’s development.

Q. Why did government impose substantial tariffs on imports?

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 14
Governments may impose tariffs to raise revenue or to protect domestic industries—especially nascent ones—from foreign competition. By making foreignproduced goods more expensive, tariffs can make domestically produced alternatives seem more attractive.
Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 15

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

The Second Five Year Plan stressed on heavy industries. It was drafted by a team of economists and planners under the leadership of P.C. Mahalanobis. If the first plan had preached patience, the second wanted to bring about quick structural transformation by making changes simultaneously in all possible directions. Before this plan was finalized, the Congress party at its session held at Avadi near the then Madras city, passed an important resolution. It declared that ‘Socialist pattern of society’ was its goal. This was reflected in the Second Plan. The government imposed substantial tariffs on imports in order to protect domestic industries. Such protected environment helped both public and private sector industries to grow. As savings and investment were growing in this period, a bulk of these industries like electricity, railways, steel, machineries and communication could be developed in the public sector. Indeed, such a push for industrialisation marked a turning point in India’s development.

Q. Who drafted the Second Five Year Plan?

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 15
The Second Plan focused on the development of the public sector and “rapid Industrialization”. The plan followed the Mahalanobis model, an economic development model developed by the Indian statistician Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis in 1953.
Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 16

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

The Second Five Year Plan stressed on heavy industries. It was drafted by a team of economists and planners under the leadership of P.C. Mahalanobis. If the first plan had preached patience, the second wanted to bring about quick structural transformation by making changes simultaneously in all possible directions. Before this plan was finalized, the Congress party at its session held at Avadi near the then Madras city, passed an important resolution. It declared that ‘Socialist pattern of society’ was its goal. This was reflected in the Second Plan. The government imposed substantial tariffs on imports in order to protect domestic industries. Such protected environment helped both public and private sector industries to grow. As savings and investment were growing in this period, a bulk of these industries like electricity, railways, steel, machineries and communication could be developed in the public sector. Indeed, such a push for industrialisation marked a turning point in India’s development.

Q. What goal was declared by the Congress Party at the session held at Avadi?

Detailed Solution for Test: Politics of Planned Development- Case Based Type Questions - Question 16
“Socialist pattern of society” , according to the planning Commission, means “that the basic criterion for determining the lines of advance must not be private profit but social gain, and that the pattern of development and the structure of socio-economic relations should be so planned so that the result not only in appreciable increases in national income and employment but also in greater equality in incomes and wealth”.
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