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Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - NEET MCQ


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14 Questions MCQ Test - Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT)

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Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 1

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

The amount of moisture that leather adsorbs or loses is determined by temperature, relative humidity, degree of porosity, and the size of the pores. Moisture has great practical significance because its amount affects the durability of leather, and in articles such as shoes, gloves and other garments, the comfort of the wearer. High moisture content accelerates deterioration and promotes mildew action. On the other hand, a minimum amount of moisture is required to keep leather properly lubricated and thus prevent cracking. The study indicates that adsorption of moisture by leather is a multi- molecular process and is accompanied by low enthalpies of adsorption. Further at 75-percent relative humidity, the adsorption is a function of surface area alone. Untanned hide and chrome- tanned leathers have the largest surface areas. The leathers tanned with vegetable tanning materials have smaller surface areas since they are composed of less hide substance and the capillaries are reduced to smaller diameters, in some cases probably completely filled by tanning materials. This process of tanning occurs due to mutual coagulation of positively charged hide with negatively charged tanning material. The result of the study indicated that untanned hide and chrome-tanned leather absorb the most water vapour.

In these questions a statement of Assertion followed by a statement of Reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.

Assertion (A): Vegetable tanned leather cannot adsorb a large amount of moisture.

Reason (R): Porous materials have higher surface area.

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 1
Vegetable tanned leather cannot adsorb a large amount of moisture as these leathers have smaller surface areas since they are composed of less hide substance and the capillaries are reduced to smaller diameters, in some cases probably completely filled by tanning materials. Whereas porous materials have higher surface area.
Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 2

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

The amount of moisture that leather adsorbs or loses is determined by temperature, relative humidity, degree of porosity, and the size of the pores. Moisture has great practical significance because its amount affects the durability of leather, and in articles such as shoes, gloves and other garments, the comfort of the wearer. High moisture content accelerates deterioration and promotes mildew action. On the other hand, a minimum amount of moisture is required to keep leather properly lubricated and thus prevent cracking. The study indicates that adsorption of moisture by leather is a multi- molecular process and is accompanied by low enthalpies of adsorption. Further at 75-percent relative humidity, the adsorption is a function of surface area alone. Untanned hide and chrome- tanned leathers have the largest surface areas. The leathers tanned with vegetable tanning materials have smaller surface areas since they are composed of less hide substance and the capillaries are reduced to smaller diameters, in some cases probably completely filled by tanning materials. This process of tanning occurs due to mutual coagulation of positively charged hide with negatively charged tanning material. The result of the study indicated that untanned hide and chrome-tanned leather absorb the most water vapour.

In these questions a statement of Assertion followed by a statement of Reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.

Assertion (A): Adsorption of moisture by leather is physisorption.

Reason (R): It is a multimolecular process and is accompanied by low enthalpies of adsorption.

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 2
Adsorption of moisture by leather is physisorption. It is a multimolecular process and is accompanied by low enthalpies of adsorption.
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Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 3

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

The amount of moisture that leather adsorbs or loses is determined by temperature, relative humidity, degree of porosity, and the size of the pores. Moisture has great practical significance because its amount affects the durability of leather, and in articles such as shoes, gloves and other garments, the comfort of the wearer. High moisture content accelerates deterioration and promotes mildew action. On the other hand, a minimum amount of moisture is required to keep leather properly lubricated and thus prevent cracking. The study indicates that adsorption of moisture by leather is a multi- molecular process and is accompanied by low enthalpies of adsorption. Further at 75-percent relative humidity, the adsorption is a function of surface area alone. Untanned hide and chrome- tanned leathers have the largest surface areas. The leathers tanned with vegetable tanning materials have smaller surface areas since they are composed of less hide substance and the capillaries are reduced to smaller diameters, in some cases probably completely filled by tanning materials. This process of tanning occurs due to mutual coagulation of positively charged hide with negatively charged tanning material. The result of the study indicated that untanned hide and chrome-tanned leather absorb the most water vapour.

In these questions a statement of Assertion followed by a statement of Reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.

Assertion (A): Animal hide soaked in tannin results in hardening of leather.

Reason (R): Tanning occurs due to mutual coagulation.

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 3
Animal hide soaked in tannin results in hardening of leather as tanning occurs due to mutual coagulation.
Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 4

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

The amount of moisture that leather adsorbs or loses is determined by temperature, relative humidity, degree of porosity, and the size of the pores. Moisture has great practical significance because its amount affects the durability of leather, and in articles such as shoes, gloves and other garments, the comfort of the wearer. High moisture content accelerates deterioration and promotes mildew action. On the other hand, a minimum amount of moisture is required to keep leather properly lubricated and thus prevent cracking. The study indicates that adsorption of moisture by leather is a multi- molecular process and is accompanied by low enthalpies of adsorption. Further at 75-percent relative humidity, the adsorption is a function of surface area alone. Untanned hide and chrome- tanned leathers have the largest surface areas. The leathers tanned with vegetable tanning materials have smaller surface areas since they are composed of less hide substance and the capillaries are reduced to smaller diameters, in some cases probably completely filled by tanning materials. This process of tanning occurs due to mutual coagulation of positively charged hide with negatively charged tanning material. The result of the study indicated that untanned hide and chrome-tanned leather absorb the most water vapour.

In these questions a statement of Assertion followed by a statement of Reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.

Assertion (A): Leathers tanned with vegetable tanning materials have smaller surface areas.

Reason (R): The capillaries present in leather are reduced to smaller diameters.

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 4
Leathers tanned with vegetable tanning materials have smaller surface areas, the capillaries present in leather are reduced to smaller diameters.
Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 5

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

Some colloids are stable by their nature, i.e., gels, alloys, and solid foams. Gelatin and jellies are two common examples of a gel. The solid and liquid phases in a gel are interspersed with both phases being continuous. In most systems, the major factor influencing the stability is the charge on the colloidal particles. If a particular ion is preferentially adsorbed on the surface of the particles, the particles in suspension will repel each other, thereby preventing the formation of aggregates that are larger than colloidal dimensions. The ion can be either positive or negative depending on the particular colloidal system, i.e., air bubbles accumulate negative ions, sulphur particles have a net negative charge in a sulphur sol, and the particles in a metal hydroxide sol are positively charged. Accumulation of charge on a surface is not an unusual phenomenon-dust is attracted to furniture surfaces by electrostatic forces. When salts are added to lyophobic colloidal systems the colloidal particles begin to form larger aggregates and a sediment forms as they settle. This phenomenon is called flocculation, and the suspension can be referred to as flocculated, or colloidally unstable. If the salt is removed, the suspension can usually be restored to its original state; this process is called deflocculation or peptization. The original and restored colloidal systems are called deflocculated, peptized, or stable sols. Why does a small amount of salt have such a dramatic effect on the stability of a lyophobic colloidal system? The answer lies in an understanding of the attractive and repulsive forces that exist between colloidal particles. Van der Waals forces are responsible for the attractions, while the repulsive forces are due to the surface charge on the particles. In a stable colloid, the repulsive forces are of greater magnitude than the attractive forces. The magnitude of the electrical repulsion is diminished by addition of ionized salt, which allows the dispersed particles to aggregate and flocculate. River deltas provide an example of this behaviour. A delta is formed at the mouth of a river because the colloidal clay particles are flocculated when the freshwater mixes with the salt water of the ocean

Q. Gelatin is a ________________ colloidal system.

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 5
Gelatin sets on cooling because the hot aqueous mixture of gelatin coagulates as it cools and the whole mass, including the liquid, sets to an extremely viscous body known as a gel, a colloid in which the dispersing medium is a solid and the dispersed phase is a liquid.
Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 6

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

Some colloids are stable by their nature, i.e., gels, alloys, and solid foams. Gelatin and jellies are two common examples of a gel. The solid and liquid phases in a gel are interspersed with both phases being continuous. In most systems, the major factor influencing the stability is the charge on the colloidal particles. If a particular ion is preferentially adsorbed on the surface of the particles, the particles in suspension will repel each other, thereby preventing the formation of aggregates that are larger than colloidal dimensions. The ion can be either positive or negative depending on the particular colloidal system, i.e., air bubbles accumulate negative ions, sulphur particles have a net negative charge in a sulphur sol, and the particles in a metal hydroxide sol are positively charged. Accumulation of charge on a surface is not an unusual phenomenon-dust is attracted to furniture surfaces by electrostatic forces. When salts are added to lyophobic colloidal systems the colloidal particles begin to form larger aggregates and a sediment forms as they settle. This phenomenon is called flocculation, and the suspension can be referred to as flocculated, or colloidally unstable. If the salt is removed, the suspension can usually be restored to its original state; this process is called deflocculation or peptization. The original and restored colloidal systems are called deflocculated, peptized, or stable sols. Why does a small amount of salt have such a dramatic effect on the stability of a lyophobic colloidal system? The answer lies in an understanding of the attractive and repulsive forces that exist between colloidal particles. Van der Waals forces are responsible for the attractions, while the repulsive forces are due to the surface charge on the particles. In a stable colloid, the repulsive forces are of greater magnitude than the attractive forces. The magnitude of the electrical repulsion is diminished by addition of ionized salt, which allows the dispersed particles to aggregate and flocculate. River deltas provide an example of this behaviour. A delta is formed at the mouth of a river because the colloidal clay particles are flocculated when the freshwater mixes with the salt water of the ocean

Q. Settling down of colloidal particles to form a suspension is called:

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 6
Flocculation is a process of bringing together small particles to form larger particles or settling of colloidal particles from stable suspensions into clump that aggregates into larger particles.
Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 7

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

Some colloids are stable by their nature, i.e., gels, alloys, and solid foams. Gelatin and jellies are two common examples of a gel. The solid and liquid phases in a gel are interspersed with both phases being continuous. In most systems, the major factor influencing the stability is the charge on the colloidal particles. If a particular ion is preferentially adsorbed on the surface of the particles, the particles in suspension will repel each other, thereby preventing the formation of aggregates that are larger than colloidal dimensions. The ion can be either positive or negative depending on the particular colloidal system, i.e., air bubbles accumulate negative ions, sulphur particles have a net negative charge in a sulphur sol, and the particles in a metal hydroxide sol are positively charged. Accumulation of charge on a surface is not an unusual phenomenon-dust is attracted to furniture surfaces by electrostatic forces. When salts are added to lyophobic colloidal systems the colloidal particles begin to form larger aggregates and a sediment forms as they settle. This phenomenon is called flocculation, and the suspension can be referred to as flocculated, or colloidally unstable. If the salt is removed, the suspension can usually be restored to its original state; this process is called deflocculation or peptization. The original and restored colloidal systems are called deflocculated, peptized, or stable sols. Why does a small amount of salt have such a dramatic effect on the stability of a lyophobic colloidal system? The answer lies in an understanding of the attractive and repulsive forces that exist between colloidal particles. Van der Waals forces are responsible for the attractions, while the repulsive forces are due to the surface charge on the particles. In a stable colloid, the repulsive forces are of greater magnitude than the attractive forces. The magnitude of the electrical repulsion is diminished by addition of ionized salt, which allows the dispersed particles to aggregate and flocculate. River deltas provide an example of this behaviour. A delta is formed at the mouth of a river because the colloidal clay particles are flocculated when the freshwater mixes with the salt water of the ocean

Q. Colloidal solutions are stable due to:

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 7
Lyophobic colloids are stable in nature. It is due to the preferential adsorption of ions on their surface from the solution. The repulsion between the particles is carrying the same charge keeps them separated. The particles will not come close together to form large particles that will precipitate out.
Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 8

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

Some colloids are stable by their nature, i.e., gels, alloys, and solid foams. Gelatin and jellies are two common examples of a gel. The solid and liquid phases in a gel are interspersed with both phases being continuous. In most systems, the major factor influencing the stability is the charge on the colloidal particles. If a particular ion is preferentially adsorbed on the surface of the particles, the particles in suspension will repel each other, thereby preventing the formation of aggregates that are larger than colloidal dimensions. The ion can be either positive or negative depending on the particular colloidal system, i.e., air bubbles accumulate negative ions, sulphur particles have a net negative charge in a sulphur sol, and the particles in a metal hydroxide sol are positively charged. Accumulation of charge on a surface is not an unusual phenomenon-dust is attracted to furniture surfaces by electrostatic forces. When salts are added to lyophobic colloidal systems the colloidal particles begin to form larger aggregates and a sediment forms as they settle. This phenomenon is called flocculation, and the suspension can be referred to as flocculated, or colloidally unstable. If the salt is removed, the suspension can usually be restored to its original state; this process is called deflocculation or peptization. The original and restored colloidal systems are called deflocculated, peptized, or stable sols. Why does a small amount of salt have such a dramatic effect on the stability of a lyophobic colloidal system? The answer lies in an understanding of the attractive and repulsive forces that exist between colloidal particles. Van der Waals forces are responsible for the attractions, while the repulsive forces are due to the surface charge on the particles. In a stable colloid, the repulsive forces are of greater magnitude than the attractive forces. The magnitude of the electrical repulsion is diminished by addition of ionized salt, which allows the dispersed particles to aggregate and flocculate. River deltas provide an example of this behaviour. A delta is formed at the mouth of a river because the colloidal clay particles are flocculated when the freshwater mixes with the salt water of the ocean

Q. When Van der Waals forces are greater than forces due to the surface charge on the particles,

Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 9

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

Some colloids are stable by their nature, i.e., gels, alloys, and solid foams. Gelatin and jellies are two common examples of a gel. The solid and liquid phases in a gel are interspersed with both phases being continuous. In most systems, the major factor influencing the stability is the charge on the colloidal particles. If a particular ion is preferentially adsorbed on the surface of the particles, the particles in suspension will repel each other, thereby preventing the formation of aggregates that are larger than colloidal dimensions. The ion can be either positive or negative depending on the particular colloidal system, i.e., air bubbles accumulate negative ions, sulphur particles have a net negative charge in a sulphur sol, and the particles in a metal hydroxide sol are positively charged. Accumulation of charge on a surface is not an unusual phenomenon-dust is attracted to furniture surfaces by electrostatic forces. When salts are added to lyophobic colloidal systems the colloidal particles begin to form larger aggregates and a sediment forms as they settle. This phenomenon is called flocculation, and the suspension can be referred to as flocculated, or colloidally unstable. If the salt is removed, the suspension can usually be restored to its original state; this process is called deflocculation or peptization. The original and restored colloidal systems are called deflocculated, peptized, or stable sols. Why does a small amount of salt have such a dramatic effect on the stability of a lyophobic colloidal system? The answer lies in an understanding of the attractive and repulsive forces that exist between colloidal particles. Van der Waals forces are responsible for the attractions, while the repulsive forces are due to the surface charge on the particles. In a stable colloid, the repulsive forces are of greater magnitude than the attractive forces. The magnitude of the electrical repulsion is diminished by addition of ionized salt, which allows the dispersed particles to aggregate and flocculate. River deltas provide an example of this behaviour. A delta is formed at the mouth of a river because the colloidal clay particles are flocculated when the freshwater mixes with the salt water of the ocean

Q. The particles in suspension will repel each other, thereby preventing the formation of aggregates that are larger than colloidal dimensions. This statement explains:

Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 10

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

Adsorption depends on the nature of the adsorbent. The rough solid surface has more number of pores and adsorb more number of gases than the smooth surface. Most common adsorbents are silica gel, activated charcoal. The extent of adsorption also depends on the surface area of solid. Specific surface area of an adsorbent is the surface area available for adsorption per gram of the adsorbent. The greater the surface area of the solid, the greater would be the adsoprtion. Charcoal is a more effective adsorbent than solid wood. Desorption is a process of removing an adsorbed substance from a surface on which it is absorbed.

Physisorption is non-specific and any gas can be adsorbed. But the gases which are easily liquefiable (e.g., NH3, HCl, CO2) are adsorbed at a faster rate and to a large extent than the gases which are difficult to liquefy (e.g., H2, O2, N2). It depends on the critical temperature. Higher the critical temperature of a gas, more easily liquefiable it is and more is the rate of adsorption. Chemisorption is specific in nature. Therefore, only those gases can be adsorbed which are capable of forming chemical bonds with the adsorbent.

The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:

Q. Select the correct statement regarding desoprtion.

Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 11

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

Adsorption depends on the nature of the adsorbent. The rough solid surface has more number of pores and adsorb more number of gases than the smooth surface. Most common adsorbents are silica gel, activated charcoal. The extent of adsorption also depends on the surface area of solid. Specific surface area of an adsorbent is the surface area available for adsorption per gram of the adsorbent. The greater the surface area of the solid, the greater would be the adsoprtion. Charcoal is a more effective adsorbent than solid wood. Desorption is a process of removing an adsorbed substance from a surface on which it is absorbed.

Physisorption is non-specific and any gas can be adsorbed. But the gases which are easily liquefiable (e.g., NH3, HCl, CO2) are adsorbed at a faster rate and to a large extent than the gases which are difficult to liquefy (e.g., H2, O2, N2). It depends on the critical temperature. Higher the critical temperature of a gas, more easily liquefiable it is and more is the rate of adsorption. Chemisorption is specific in nature. Therefore, only those gases can be adsorbed which are capable of forming chemical bonds with the adsorbent.

The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:

Q. At the same temperature and pressure, select the correct order of adsorption of the following gases on the same mass of charcoal.

Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 12

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

Adsorption depends on the nature of the adsorbent. The rough solid surface has more number of pores and adsorb more number of gases than the smooth surface. Most common adsorbents are silica gel, activated charcoal. The extent of adsorption also depends on the surface area of solid. Specific surface area of an adsorbent is the surface area available for adsorption per gram of the adsorbent. The greater the surface area of the solid, the greater would be the adsoprtion. Charcoal is a more effective adsorbent than solid wood. Desorption is a process of removing an adsorbed substance from a surface on which it is absorbed.

Physisorption is non-specific and any gas can be adsorbed. But the gases which are easily liquefiable (e.g., NH3, HCl, CO2) are adsorbed at a faster rate and to a large extent than the gases which are difficult to liquefy (e.g., H2, O2, N2). It depends on the critical temperature. Higher the critical temperature of a gas, more easily liquefiable it is and more is the rate of adsorption. Chemisorption is specific in nature. Therefore, only those gases can be adsorbed which are capable of forming chemical bonds with the adsorbent.

The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:

Q. Which of the following statements regarding the physical adsorption of a gas on surface of solid is not correct?

Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 13

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

Adsorption depends on the nature of the adsorbent. The rough solid surface has more number of pores and adsorb more number of gases than the smooth surface. Most common adsorbents are silica gel, activated charcoal. The extent of adsorption also depends on the surface area of solid. Specific surface area of an adsorbent is the surface area available for adsorption per gram of the adsorbent. The greater the surface area of the solid, the greater would be the adsoprtion. Charcoal is a more effective adsorbent than solid wood. Desorption is a process of removing an adsorbed substance from a surface on which it is absorbed.

Physisorption is non-specific and any gas can be adsorbed. But the gases which are easily liquefiable (e.g., NH3, HCl, CO2) are adsorbed at a faster rate and to a large extent than the gases which are difficult to liquefy (e.g., H2, O2, N2). It depends on the critical temperature. Higher the critical temperature of a gas, more easily liquefiable it is and more is the rate of adsorption. Chemisorption is specific in nature. Therefore, only those gases can be adsorbed which are capable of forming chemical bonds with the adsorbent.

The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:

Q. Select the incorrect statement among the following.

Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 14

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:

The amount of moisture that leather adsorbs or loses is determined by temperature, relative humidity, degree of porosity, and the size of the pores. Moisture has great practical significance because its amount affects the durability of leather, and in articles such as shoes, gloves and other garments, the comfort of the wearer. High moisture content accelerates deterioration and promotes mildew action. On the other hand, a minimum amount of moisture is required to keep leather properly lubricated and thus prevent cracking. The study indicates that adsorption of moisture by leather is a multi- molecular process and is accompanied by low enthalpies of adsorption. Further at 75-percent relative humidity, the adsorption is a function of surface area alone. Untanned hide and chrome- tanned leathers have the largest surface areas. The leathers tanned with vegetable tanning materials have smaller surface areas since they are composed of less hide substance and the capillaries are reduced to smaller diameters, in some cases probably completely filled by tanning materials. This process of tanning occurs due to mutual coagulation of positively charged hide with negatively charged tanning material. The result of the study indicated that untanned hide and chrome-tanned leather absorb the most water vapour.

In these questions a statement of Assertion followed by a statement of Reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.

Assertion (A): Leather absorbs different amount of moisture.

Reason (R): Some moisture is necessary to prevent cracking of leather.

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Surface Chemistry (Old NCERT) - Question 14
The amount of moisture that leather adsorbs or loses is determined by temperature, relative humidity, degree of porosity, and the size of the pores. A minimum amount of moisture is required to keep leather properly lubricated and thus prevent cracking.
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