Test: History: CBSE Sample Question Paper (2021-22) - Class 12 MCQ

Equally impressive is the massive Mahanavami Dibba, where the kings of the Vijayanagara Empire once sat upon their gem studded golden throne and watched processions pass by. The structure is also embellished with densely carved bands of horses, soldiers ans depictions of various aspects of courtly life.

Krishnadevaraya was an emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire who reigned from 1509–1529. He was the third ruler of the Tuluva Dynasty and is considered to be its greatest ruler.

In the mid first millennium BCE, the religious thinkers tried to understand the mysteries of existence and relationship between human being and the cosmic world.
Thinkers like Zarathustra, king-size, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and Buddha tried to understand the mysteries of existence. 

The Adi Granth, its first rendition, was compiled by the fifth guru, Guru Arjan (1564–1606).

The Harappan script is called enigmatic because of the following reasons: Most inscriptions were short, the longest contained about 26 signs, each sign stood for a vowel or consonant. Sometimes it contained wider space, sometimes shorter, had no consistency. Till today, the script remains undeciphered.

The Satavahana power was revived by Gautamiputra Satakarni, who is considered the greatest of the Satavahana rulers.

The Buddha taught orally – through discussion and debate. None of the Buddha’s speeches were written down during his lifetime. After his death (c. fifth-fourth century BCE) his teachings were compiled by his disciples. These compilations were known as Tipitaka – literally, three baskets to hold different types of texts. They were first transmitted orally and then written and classified according to length as well as subject matter.

Hazara Rama Temple in Hampi is an important shrine in Hampi. This small but beautiful temple is located at the center of the royal area. It was once the private temple of the kings and the royal family of Vijayanagara. The temple is famous for the lovely bas relics and panels depicting the story of the epic Ramayana.

The Arthasastra is an ancient Indian Sanskrit treatise on statecraft, economic policy and military strategy. Kautilya, also identified as Vishnugupta and Chanakya, is traditionally credited as the author of the text.

Vijayanagara literature was produced in the Vijayanagara Empire during the golden age of literature in South India in general. The rulers patronised Kannada, Telugu, Sanskrit and Tamil scholars who wrote in the Jain, Virashaiva and Vaishnava traditions.
Languages spoken by Rayas and Nayakas in the Vijayanagar Empire were Kannada and Telugu.

The Battle of Talikota (or Tellikota) (January 26, 1565) constituted a watershed battle fought between the Vijayanagara Empire and the Deccan sultanates, resulting in a rout of Vijayanagara, ending the last great Hindu kingdom in South India.

The rulers of Bhopal, Shahjehan Begum and her successor Sultan Jehan Begum, provided money for the preservation of the ancient site. The stupa complex has survived because of her.

Dholavira is an archaeological site of the Kutch District in the state of Gujarat in western India.

The raised area of each city was called citadel. The Citadel owes its height to the fact that buildings were constructed on mud brick platforms. It was walled, which meant that it was physically separated from the Lower Town.

Harappan seals usually have a line of writing, probably containing the name and title of the owner. Scholars have also suggested that the motif (generally an animal) conveyed a meaning to those who could not read.

Alexander Cunningham, India's first professional archaeologist, became the first Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India in 1871.

The problems of archaeological interpretation are perhaps most evident in attempts to reconstruct religious practices. Early archaeologists thought that certain objects which seemed unusual or unfamiliar may have had a religious significance.

James, an officer of the East India Company deciphered Brahmi and Kharosti Scripts used in the earliest inscriptions and coins.

Prabhavati Gupta was the daughter of Chandragupta II (375-415 C.E.) who was a famous ruler of early India. She was married to a Vakatak family of the Deccan Peninsula. According to inscriptions she had the access to land , which she later granted to people.

Votive inscriptions are inscriptions that record gifts made to religious institutions. They have details like the name of the donor, its occupation and about people who lived in towns: washing folk, weavers, scribes, carpenters, potters, goldsmiths, blacksmiths, officials, religious teachers, merchants and kings.

The team worked out a method of comparing verses from each manuscript. Ultimately, they selected the verses that appeared common to most versions and published these in several volumes, running into over 13,000 pages. The project took 47 years to complete.

The archaeologist's study the inscription found in the process of excavation and understanding these inscriptions is known as the decipherment.

Ekalavya is a character from the epic 'The Mahabharata'. He was a young prince of the Nishadha, a confederation of jungle tribes in ancient India.

The Sangama Dynasty was a dynasty of the Vijayanagara Empire founded in the 14th century by two brothers: Harihara I (also called Vira Harihara or Hakka Raya) and Bukka Raya I. Tuluva is the name of the third ruling dynasty of the Vijayanagara Empire. Tuluvas were replaced by the Aravidu. Krishnadeva Raya belonged to the Tuluva dynasty.

The sect is generally regarded in South Indian oral tradition as having been founded by Basavanna.
The Virashaiva tradition in Karnataka: They worship Shiva in his manifestation as a linga, and men usually wear a small linga in a silver case on a loop strung over the left shoulder.
Lingayats believe that on death the devotee will be united with Shiva and will not return to this world.

The Chola Dynasty was a Tamil thalassocratic empire of southern India, one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the world's history.

Meera, better known as Mirabai and venerated as Sant Meerabai, was a 16th-century Hindu mystic poet and devotee of Krishna. She is a celebrated Bhakti saint, particularly in the North Indian Hindu tradition.

Krishnadevaraya was an emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire who reigned from 1509–1529. He was the third ruler of the Tuluva Dynasty and is considered to be its greatest ruler. Krishnadeva Raya’s rule was characterised by expansion and consolidation. There was peace and prosperity in his empire.
He was credited with building some fine temples.

The archaeologists have named the Khetri area of Rajasthan as the Ganeshwar-Jodhpura culture. Khetri is famous for copper.