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Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - JAMB MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT)

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Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 1

Which one of the following statements is true regarding digestion and absorption of food in humans?

Detailed Solution for Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 1

After digestion, most of the monosaccharides are absorbed into the body via active transport using sodium ions. Fructose is absorbed via facilitated diffusion. Amino acids are absorbed via secondary active transport using sodium ions. Chylomicrons cannot enter blood capillaries and hence enter lacteals. Only 5% of starch is hydrolyzed in the mouth. Proenzyme pepsinogen is secreted by chief cells in the stomach

So, the correct answer is 'Fructose and amino acids are absorbed through intestinal mucosa with the help of carrier ions like Na+'.

Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 2

Read the following statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1 : The human small intestine is the longest portion in the alimentary canal.
Statement 2 : Absorption of digested food requires a very large surface area. 

Detailed Solution for Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 2

The human small inteestine is the longest (6.25m) part of alimentary canal. Villi present in the small intestine increase it surface area for absorption as most of the absorption occurs in small intestine.

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Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 3

Carrier ions like Na+ facilitate the absorption of substances like

Detailed Solution for Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 3

Most ions are actively absorbed along the length of small intestine. The absorption of Na+ is coupled with absorption of glucose and amino acids. Glucose and galactose are taken into the enterocyte by cotransport with sodium using the same transporter. Fructose enters the cell from the intestinal lumen via facilitated diffusion through another transporter. Fatty acids are combined with proteins within the cells and resulting chylomicrons are extruded. They enter lacteals and are transported to the circulation via lymph. 

Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 4

Which of the following statements is false?

Detailed Solution for Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 4

The chief cells of gastric glands secrete a small amount of gastric lipase that contributes little to digestion of fat.

Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 5

Which of the following statements is false?

Detailed Solution for Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 5
  • The breakdown of most of the biomacromolecules happens in the duodenum part of the small intestine.
  • Whereas the simple substances are being absorbed by the jejunum and the ileum region of the small intestine.
  • The large intestine is responsible for the absorption of the food after its being completely digested in the small intestine.
  • Whereas the undigested and unabsorbed food materials are passed through the large intestine then to the rectum and finally it is excreted as excreta through the anus.

Hence, option (C) is a false statement out of the above statements.

Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 6

Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?
(i) Absorption of simple sugar, alcohol, some water and medicines takes place in stomach.
(ii) Maximum water absorption occurs in large intestine.
(iii) Small intestine is the major site of digestion and absorption of food.
(iv) Fatty acid and glycerol are absorbed by lacteals.
(v) Nothing is absorbed in mouth and large intestine.

Detailed Solution for Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 6

In the mouth certain drugs are absorbed. In the large intestine, water, some minerals and drugs are absorbed

Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 7

Which of the following statements are incorrect about chylomicrons?

(i) Chylomicrons are produced in the epithelial cells of the small intestine.
(ii) It contains triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids.
(iii) They are protein-coated small vesicles.
(iv) Chylomicrons are released from the epithelial cell into lacteals.

Detailed Solution for Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 7

The correct statement about chylomicrons is:
(i) Chylomicrons are produced in the epithelial cells of the small intestine.
The incorrect statements about chylomicrons are:
(ii) Chylomicrons contain triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids.
(iii) Chylomicrons are protein-coated small vesicles.
(iv) Chylomicrons are released from the epithelial cell into lacteals.
Therefore, the incorrect statements are (ii), (iii), and (iv).
Explanation:
Chylomicrons are large lipoprotein particles that are responsible for transporting dietary fats from the small intestine to various tissues in the body. Here is a detailed explanation of each statement:
(i) Chylomicrons are produced in the epithelial cells of the small intestine.
- This statement is correct. Chylomicrons are synthesized in the intestinal epithelial cells, specifically the enterocytes, after the absorption of dietary fats.
(ii) Chylomicrons contain triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids.
- This statement is incorrect. Chylomicrons primarily consist of triglycerides, phospholipids, and some cholesterol. They also contain small amounts of specialized proteins called apolipoproteins.
(iii) Chylomicrons are protein-coated small vesicles.
- This statement is incorrect. Chylomicrons are not small vesicles. They are large particles ranging in size from 75-1200 nm. While they do have a protein coating in the form of apolipoproteins, they are not considered vesicles.
(iv) Chylomicrons are released from the epithelial cell into lacteals.
- This statement is incorrect. Chylomicrons are released from the intestinal epithelial cells into the lymphatic system through specialized lymphatic vessels called lacteals, not directly into lacteals.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D: None of these.
Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 8

The backflow of faecal matter from the large intestine into the small intestine is prevented by the presence of

Detailed Solution for Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 8

lleo-caecal valve is present at the junction of small intestine and large intestine. The ileo-caecal valve normally remains closed, opens briefly to let the contents of small intestine exit and closes again to prevent any backflow of waste materials from the large intestine into small intestine

Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 9

Read the following four statements (i) - (iv) with certain mistakes in two of them.
(i) Fructose is generally absorbed by simple diffusion.
(ii) The digestive wastes, solidified into coherent faeces in the rectum initiate an endocrine action causing an urge or desire for its removal.
(iii) The food mixes thoroughly with the acidic gastric juice of the stomach by the churning movements of its muscular wall and is called the chyme.
(iv) The secretions of the brush border cells of the mucosa along with the secretions of the goblet cells constitute the succus entericus.
Which of the above two statements have mistakes?

Detailed Solution for Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 9

Fructose is generally absorbed by facilitated trasnport. The digestive wastes, solidified into coherent faeces in the rectum initiate a neutral reflex causing an urge or desire for its removal.

Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 10

 Minerals are transported through _________ along the _________ stream of water.

Detailed Solution for Test: Absorption of Nutrients (Old NCERT) - Question 10

Minerals are transported through xylem along the ascending stream of water. Phloem is used for the translocation of solutes and sometimes organic nitrogen compounds. Phloem exhibits both upward and downward movement of food along with the movement of water in the adjacent cells.

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