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Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - NEET MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test - Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT)

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) for NEET 2024 is part of NEET preparation. The Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) below.
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Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 1

1. Which instrument is used for measuring volume of air involved in breathing?

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 1

The volume of air involved in breathing movements can be estimated by using a spirometer which helps in clinical assessment of pulmonary functions. It measures the amount of air inspired or expired by an individual.
Hence the correct Answer is "A"

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 2

A person breathing normally at rest, takes in and expels approximately half a litre of air during each respiratory cycle. This is called

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 2

The volume of air inspired or expired during normal breath is called tidal volume. It is about 500mL of air in average young adult man.

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Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 3

Vital capacity of lungs is

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 3

Vital capacity is the maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration or the maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration.This equals the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) + expiratory reserve volume (ERV) + tidal volume (TV). Its value is 3400 mL - 4800 mL.

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 4

Listed below are four respiratory capacities (i-iv) and four jumbled respiratory volumes of a normal human adult

Which one of the following is the correct matching of two capacities and volumes?

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 4

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 5

Which of the following changes occur in diaphragm and intercostal muscles when expiration of air takes place?

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 5

During expiration, the internal intercostal muscles contract, and the diaphragm relaxes. This is because the internal intercostal muscles contracting and the diaphragm relaxing decreases the volume of the thoracic cavity. This in turn decreases the volume of the lungs. 

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 6

Which of the following statements about the mechanism of ventilation/breathing is incorrect?

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 6

Inspiration is an active process while expiration is a passive process.

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 7

Which of the following sequence is correct to invite inspiration?
(i) the contraction of external intercostal muscles raises the ribs and sternum
(ii) Volume of thorax increases in the dorso-ventral axis
(iii) intrapulmonary pressure decreases
(iv) Diaphragm contraction
(v) Air rushes into lungs
(vi) Volume of thorax increases in the anterior-posterior axis

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 7

The correct sequence of events in the initiation of respiration is:
(i) The contraction of external intercostal muscles raises the ribs and sternum
(ii) The volume of thorax increases in the dorsoventral axis
(iv) Diaphragm contraction
(vi) The volume of thorax increases in the anterior-posterior axis
(iii) Intrapulmonary pressure decreases
(v) Air rushes into lungs
So, the correct answer is '(i), (ii), (iv), (vi), (iii), (v)'.

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 8

Select the sequence of steps in Respiration.

(A) Diffusion of gases (O2 and CO2) across alveolar membrane.

(B) Diffusion of O2 and CO2 between blood and tissues.

(C) Transport of gases by the blood

(D) Pulmonary ventilation by which atmospheric air is drawn in and CO2 rich alveolar air is released out.

(E) Utilisation of O2 by the cells for catabolic reactions are resultant release of CO2

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 8

he correct answer is Option A : (D), (A), (C), (B), (E).

Here's the reasoning behind this order :

(D) Pulmonary ventilation by which atmospheric air is drawn in and CO2 rich alveolar air is released out.

Respiration begins with pulmonary ventilation (breathing), which allows the atmospheric air to enter the lungs and CO2-rich air to be exhaled.

(A) Diffusion of gases (O2 and CO2) across the alveolar membrane.

Inside the lungs, oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood, and carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli across the alveolar membrane.

(C) Transport of gases by the blood.

Once in the bloodstream, oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported to and from the body's tissues.

(B) Diffusion of O2 and CO2 between blood and tissues.

Oxygen diffuses from the blood into the body's tissues, and carbon dioxide diffuses from the tissues into the blood.

(E) Utilisation of O2 by the cells for catabolic reactions and resultant release of CO2.

Finally, oxygen is used by cells for metabolic processes, creating carbon dioxide as a byproduct.

Therefore, the sequence is (D), (A), (C), (B), (E).

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 9

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : A person goes to high altitude and experiences "Altitude Sickness" with symptoms like breathing difficulty and heart palpitations.

Reason (R) : Due to low atmospheric pressure at high altitude, the body does not get sufficient oxygen.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 9

The correct option is : Option C

At higher altitudes, the air pressure is lower than at sea level. This means there is less atmospheric pressure to push oxygen into the lungs, which can make it more difficult for the body to get the oxygen it needs. This condition can lead to altitude sickness, which can cause symptoms such as difficulty breathing and heart palpitations, among others. This is the basis for the statement (A) and the reason given in statement (R) accurately explains this situation.

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 10

Consider the following statements each with two blanks. 
(i) Actually, only about ___(1)___ml of air enters the lung alveoli for the exchange of gases. The remaining fills the respiratory passage and is termed ___(2)___.
(ii) The amount of air which one can inhale with maximum effort and also exhale with maximum effort is termed as ___(3)___. It is about ___(4)___ in normal adult person.
(iii) During normal quiet breathing, on an average, approximately _____(5)_____ ml of air is inspired or expired by adult human male in each breath. It is termed as __(6)__ volume.
Which of the following options gives the correct fill-ups for the respective blank numbers from (1) to (6) in the above statements?

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 10

The correct fill-ups for the respective blank numbers are:
1. (1)-350
2. (2)-dead space air
3. (3)-vital capacity
4. (4)-4000 mL
5. (5)-500
6. (6)-tidal

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 11

Vital capacity of lung is ________.

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 11

The vital capacity (VC) of the lung is the maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inhalation. It is equal to the sum of inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), tidal volume (TV), and expiratory reserve volume (ERV).

nspiratory reserve volume (IRV) is the amount of air that can be inhaled beyond a normal breath.

Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is the amount of air that can be exhaled beyond a normal breath.

Tidal volume (TV) is the amount of air that is inhaled and exhaled during a normal breath.

Therefore, vital capacity (VC) = IRV + ERV + TV.

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 12

Identify the region of human brain which has pneumotaxic centre that alters respiratory rate by reducing the duration of inspiration.

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 12

Option (c) is the correct answer as pneumotaxic centre is present in the pons region of the brain, that can moderate the functions of the respiratory rhythm centre.

Option (b) is incorrect as medulla oblongata possesses respiratory rhythm centre and a chemosensitive area.

Option (a) and (d) are incorrect as cerebrum and thalamus does not possess any specialised centre to moderate the respiratory rhythm to suit the demands of the body tissues.

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 13

Which of the following statements are correct with respect to vital capacity?

(a) It includes ERV, TV and IRV

(b) Total volume of air a person can inspire after a normal expiration.

(c) The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after forced expiration.

(d) It includes ERV, RV and IRV.

(e) The maximum volume of air a person can breath out after a forced inspiration.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 13

Option (d) is the correct answer because statements (a), (c) and (e) are correct.

Vital capacity includes ERV, TV and IRV.

Vital capacity is the maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration or the maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration.

Statement (b) is incorrect as total volume of air a person can inspire after a normal expiration is termed as inspiratory capacity (IC).

Statement (d) is incorrect as ERV, RV, IRV and TV comprise total lung capacity.

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 14

The inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume is the same as

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 14

Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) + tidal volume (TV) + expiratory reserve volume (ERV) represents vital capacity (VC). Now, inspiratory capacity is the total volume of ai that can be inhaled after a normal expiration. It includes tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume i.e., IC = TV + IRV. Thus, option (a) is correct which says that vital capacity i.e., IRV + TV + ERV = IC + ERV.

Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 15

Under normal physiological conditions in human being every 100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver ____________ ml of O2 to the tissues.

Detailed Solution for Test: Mechanism of Breathing (NCERT) - Question 15

Option (b) is the correct answer because every 100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver around 5 ml of O2 to the tissues under normal physiological conditions.

Option (c), (d) and (a) are incorrect because every 100 ml of deoxygenated blood delivers approximately 4 ml of CO2 to the alveoli.

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