Test: Sports and Nutrition- 4 - Grade 12 MCQ

Simple carbohydrates are sugars that provide a quick source of energy. Glucose, fructose, galactose, maltose, and lactose are all examples of simple carbohydrates, which are easily broken down and absorbed by the body.

The recommended amount of protein per pound of ideal body weight is 36 grams. This ensures that the body has enough protein to build and repair tissues, create enzymes and hormones, and maintain a healthy immune system.

There are 9 essential amino acids that must be obtained through the diet, as the body cannot synthesize them. These amino acids are crucial for proper growth, development, and maintenance of body tissues.

A balanced diet consists of all essential nutrients in adequate amounts, but the proportion of different constituents of food should be fixed, not variable. This ensures that the body receives the necessary nutrients for optimal health and functioning.

Deficiency of calcium can result in rickets, a condition where bones become weak and brittle. This is particularly prevalent in children, as their growing bones require adequate calcium for proper development.

Liver, meat, eggs, and dry fruits are rich sources of iron, which is necessary for the production of red blood cells and the transport of oxygen throughout the body.

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin, unlike vitamins A, D, and E, which are fat-soluble. Vitamin C is important for immune function, collagen synthesis, and antioxidant activity.

Vitamin D is a white crystalline substance that helps maintain the normal functioning of parathyroid hormone and regulates calcium and phosphorus levels in the body. This is essential for healthy bones and teeth.

All of the listed vitamins (B1, C, and B5) are water-soluble, meaning they dissolve in water and can be easily absorbed and excreted by the body.

Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, is essential for energy production, cell growth, and the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.

Fats are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, but not nitrogen. They serve as an energy source, provide insulation, and help absorb fat-soluble vitamins.

In most carbohydrates, the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms is 2:1. This is similar to the composition of water, which also has a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms.

Deficiency of vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, leads to scurvy, a disease characterized by bleeding gums, joint pain, and slow wound healing.

Protein is a nutritive component of the diet, while fiber and water are considered non-nutritive components. Fiber aids in digestion and water is essential for hydration and various bodily functions.

Nutrients are substances required by the body for growth, energy, and maintenance. They include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.

The primary function of protein in the body is to form new tissues and repair broken tissues. This is essential for growth, development, and healing.

Carbohydrates are the primary nutrient responsible for supplying the body with energy. They are broken down into glucose, which is used as fuel for various bodily functions.

A balanced diet consists of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water in adequate quantity and quality according to the requirements of an individual. This ensures that the body receives the necessary nutrients for optimal health and functioning.

A healthy body weight is typically considered to be a body mass index (BMI) between 19 and 25. This range is associated with a lower risk of chronic diseases and a better overall health status.

Rickets is a disease caused by the deficiency of calcium, which is essential for proper bone development and growth. Inadequate calcium intake can lead to weak and brittle bones, resulting in rickets.