Test: Indian Polity and Governance- 2 - Class 8 MCQ

The 42nd Amendment is regarded as the most controversial constitutional amendment in history. It attempted to reduce the power of the Supreme Court and High Courts to pronounce upon the constitutional validity of laws. It laid down the Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens to the nation.

• ShaGun is a web portal launched by the former Union HRD minister Prakash Javadekar for Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan.
• The portal was developed by the World Bank in collaboration with Union Ministry of Human Resources Development.
• The name ShaGun is derived from the words ‘Shala’ means school and ‘Gun’ means quality.
• The ShaGun portal is launched with an aim to monitor schools under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan as well as the quality of education provided by them.

• Parliament has the power to regulate the right of citizenship in India.
• Only the parliament can make provisions relating to citizenship.
• This unique power of parliament is mentioned in Article 11 of the Indian constitution.
• Parliament enacted the citizenship act in 1955.
• Asper the citizenship act 1955, a person can acquire citizenship in 5 ways:
  (i) By Birth.
  (ii) By Descend.
  (iii) By Registration.
  (iv) By Naturalisation.
  (v) By Incorporation of territory.

The Bhoodan Movement was a land reform movement in India, started by Acharya Vinoba Bhave at Pochampally village in Telangana in April 1951. The mission of the movement was to persuade wealthy landowners to voluntarily give a percentage of their land to the landless people. The beneficiary (who must be landless) should use the land for agricultural cultivation to secure his own and family's daily bread and had no right to sell or use it for a non-agricultural purpose.

It is compulsory for every citizen of the country to register in a National Register of Indian Citizens (NRIC) as per Section 14A of the Citizenship Act 1955 as amended in 2004. It is a Register of usual residents of the country.The objective of NPR is to create a comprehensive identity database of every usual resident in the country.

Indian citizenship is lost when:


A person acquires a foreign citizenship:
- When an individual voluntarily acquires the citizenship of another country, they automatically lose their Indian citizenship. This can occur through naturalization, marriage, or any other means of acquiring foreign citizenship.
The person renounces the citizenship:
- If an individual voluntarily renounces their Indian citizenship by submitting a declaration to the concerned authorities, they lose their Indian citizenship. This typically occurs when someone wants to become a citizen of another country and formally gives up their Indian citizenship.
The government deprives a person of citizenship for some cause:
- The Indian government has the authority to revoke an individual's citizenship if they have obtained it by fraudulent means or if they engage in activities that are deemed detrimental to the nation's interests. This can include involvement in activities such as terrorism, espionage, or treason.
All of the above:
- Indian citizenship can be lost through any of the aforementioned reasons, either voluntarily or involuntarily.
It is important to note that the loss of Indian citizenship can have various legal and practical implications, including the loss of certain rights and privileges associated with being an Indian citizen. It is advisable for individuals who are considering acquiring foreign citizenship or renouncing their Indian citizenship to seek legal advice and understand the consequences before proceeding.

Part-II, Article-5 to Article-11, contains provisions related to citizenship in India. Article-11 of constitution authorizes parliament to make any provision with respect to acquisition and termination of citizenship and all other matters related to it. Based on this parliament passed citizenship (acquisition and termination) act, 1955.

Detailed

The detailed provision regarding acquisition and termination of Indian citizenship are contained in the Citizenship Act which was passed by the Indian Parliament in 1955.

Here is a breakdown of the options and their explanations:

• Option A: The Indian Parliament passed the Citizenship Act in 1950, but this Act did not contain the detailed provisions regarding acquisition and termination of Indian citizenship.


• Option B: This is the correct answer. The Indian Parliament passed the Citizenship Act in 1955, which contains the detailed provisions regarding acquisition and termination of Indian citizenship.


• Option C: The British Parliament did not pass the Citizenship Act in August 1948. India gained independence from British rule in 1947, and the Indian Parliament was responsible for passing its own laws, including the Citizenship Act.


• Option D: The Constituent Assembly was responsible for drafting the Constitution of India, which was adopted in 1949. However, the detailed provisions regarding acquisition and termination of Indian citizenship were not included in the Constitution itself, but rather in the Citizenship Act passed by the Indian Parliament in 1955.

Therefore, the correct answer is B: the Indian Parliament in 1955.

Explanation:
The AADHAAR programme is a unique identification programme implemented by the Government of India. It aims to provide every Indian resident with a unique identification number. Here is a detailed explanation of the options and why option D is the correct answer:
A: To help senior citizens
- While AADHAAR can be used for various purposes, its primary objective is not specifically to help senior citizens. It is designed to provide identification to all Indian residents, regardless of age or demographic.
B: To provide nutritional support to adolescent women
- AADHAAR does not directly provide nutritional support to anyone. Its purpose is to establish a unique identification system for Indian residents.
C: To train people for social defence
- AADHAAR is not involved in training people for social defence. Its main focus is on providing a unique identification number to individuals.
D: To provide identity to Indian residents
- This is the correct answer. AADHAAR is a programme implemented by the Government of India to provide a unique identification number to all Indian residents. It serves as a proof of identity and address for various purposes such as accessing government services, opening bank accounts, and more.
In conclusion, option D is the correct answer as AADHAAR is primarily aimed at providing identity to Indian residents.

• Article 5 to 11 of the Indian Constitution deals with the Citizenship of India.
• Article 5 of the Indian constitution deals with citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution.
• Article 6 of the Indian constitution deals with the citizenship of certain persons who have migrated from Pakistan.
• Article 7 of the Indian constitution deals with the citizenship of certain migrants to Pakistan.
• Article 8 of the Indian constitution deals with the citizenship of certain persons of Indian origin residing outside India.
• Article 9 of the Indian constitution says that "people voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign country will not be citizens of India".
• Article 11 of the Indian constitution deals with Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law.